Research in veterinary science is critical for the health and well-being of animals, including humans. Food safety, emerging infectious diseases, the development of new therapies, and the possibility of bioterrorism are examples of issues addressed by veterinary science that have an impact on both human and animal health. However, there is a lack of scientists engaged in veterinary research. Too few veterinarians pursue research careers, and there is a shortage of facilities and funding for conducting research. This report identifies questions and issues that veterinary research can help to address, and discusses the scientific expertise and infrastructure needed to meet the most critical research needs. The report finds that there is an urgent need to provide adequate resources for investigators, training programs, and facilities involved in veterinary research.
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Committee on the National Needs for Research in Veterinary Science, National Researech Council
SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................................................11 THE ROLE OF VETERINARY RESEARCH IN HUMAN SOCIETY......................................................................................................................13History.................................................................................................................................................................15Contemporary Issues in Veterinary Science...............................................................................................................................17The Structure of this Report............................................................................................................................................192 PROGRESS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN VETERINARY RESEARCH.....................................................................................................................21Public Health and Food Safety...........................................................................................................................................21Animal Health and Welfare...............................................................................................................................................27Comparative Medicine....................................................................................................................................................39Emerging Issues in Veterinary Science...................................................................................................................................44Conclusion..............................................................................................................................................................503 SETTING AND IMPLEMENTING AN AGENDA FOR VETERINARY RESEARCH............................................................................................................51Public Health and Food Safety...........................................................................................................................................53Animal Health and Welfare...............................................................................................................................................58Comparative Medicine....................................................................................................................................................72Emerging Issues in Veterinary Science...................................................................................................................................744 RESOURCES FOR VETERINARY RESEARCH.....................................................................................................................................83Overarching Resources...................................................................................................................................................84Schools and Colleges of Veterinary Medicine.............................................................................................................................85Colleges of Agriculture.................................................................................................................................................100Colleges of Medicine and Other Medical Research Institutes..............................................................................................................104Wildlife and Aquatic Health Institutions................................................................................................................................105Zoological Institutions.................................................................................................................................................107National Institutes of Health...........................................................................................................................................109US Department of Agriculture............................................................................................................................................120Centers for Disease Control and Prevention..............................................................................................................................131Department of Defense...................................................................................................................................................136Food and Drug Administration............................................................................................................................................138National Science Foundation.............................................................................................................................................140Private-Sector Research Resources.......................................................................................................................................1425 AN ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT AND PROJECTED RESOURCE NEEDS FOR RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE..............................................................................145Collaborative and Interdisciplinary Research-A "One-Medicine" Approach..................................................................................................146Human Resources.........................................................................................................................................................150Education and Training..................................................................................................................................................154Facilities and Infrastructure...........................................................................................................................................159Financial Resources.....................................................................................................................................................164Epilogue................................................................................................................................................................167REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................................169APPENDIXESA Statement of Task.....................................................................................................................................................181B Committee Biographies.................................................................................................................................................183C Workshop on National Needs for Research in Veterinary Science.........................................................................................................189D Bioterrorism Agents...................................................................................................................................................191E University Centers for Agricultural Biosecurity.......................................................................................................................193F Student Enrollment and Faculty Size in Colleges of Veterinary Medicine in the United States...........................................................................195G Research Expenditures for 27 Colleges of Veterinary...
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