The Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources - Softcover

Softcover

ISBN 10: 080280845X ISBN 13: 9780802808455

Verlag: Eerdmans, 2004

Inhaltsangabe

The Servant Song of Isaiah 53 has been highly significant in both Jewish and Christian thought. Rarely, however, has it been explored from the broad range of perspectives represented in this long-awaited volume. In The Suffering Servant ten talented biblical interpreters trace the influence of the Servant Song text through the centuries, unpacking the theological meanings of this rich passage of scripture and its uses in various religious contexts. Chapters examine in depth Isaiah 52:13-53:12 in the Hebrew original and in later writings, including pre-Christian Jewish literature, the New Testament, the Isaiah Targum, the early church fathers, and a sixteenth-century rabbinic document informed by Jewish-Christian dialogue. Contributors Jostein Ådna Daniel P. Bailey Gerlinde Feine Martin Hengel Hans-Jürgen Hermisson Otfried Hofius Wolfgang Hüllstrung Bernd Janowski Christoph Markschies Stefan Schreiner Hermann Spieckermann Peter Stuhlmacher

Über diesen Titel

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Peter Stuhlmacher is professor emeritus of New Testament studies at the University of T bingen and the author of many books, including Historical Criticism and Theological Interpretation of Scripture and Revisiting Paul's Doctrine of Justification.

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Translated by Daniel P. Bailey

The Servant Song of Isaiah 53 has been highly significant in both Jewish and Christian thought. Rarely, however, has it been explored from the broad range of perspectives represented in this long-awaited volume.

In "The Suffering Servant ten talented biblical interpreters trace the influence of the Servant Song text through the centuries, unpacking the theological meanings of this rich passage of scripture and its uses in various religious contexts. Chapters examine in depth Isaiah 52:13-53:12 in the Hebrew original and in later writings, including pre-Christian Jewish literature, the New Testament, the Isaiah Targum, the early church fathers, and a sixteenth-century rabbinic document informed by Jewish-Christian dialogue.

Contributors: Jostein Adna
Daniel P. Bailey
Gerlinde Feine
Martin Hengel
Hans-Jurgen Hermisson
Otfried Hofius
Wolfgang Hullstrung
Bernd Janowski
Christoph Markschies
Stefan Schreiner
Hermann Spieckermann
Peter Stuhlmacher

Auszug. © Genehmigter Nachdruck. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

THE SUFFERING SERVANT

Isaiah 53 in Jewish and Christian Sources

William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

ISBN: 0-8028-0845-X

Contents

Preface.................................................................................................................................................................................................................viiTranslator's Preface....................................................................................................................................................................................................ixContributors............................................................................................................................................................................................................xviAbbreviations...........................................................................................................................................................................................................xviiThe Conception and Prehistory of the Idea of Vicarious Suffering in the Old Testament Hermann Spieckermann.............................................................................................................1The Fourth Servant Song in the Context of Second Isaiah Hans-Jrgen Hermisson..........................................................................................................................................16He Bore Our Sins: Isaiah 53 and the Drama of Taking Another's Place Bernd Janowski.....................................................................................................................................48The Effective History of Isaiah 53 in the Pre-Christian Period Martin Hengel with the collaboration of Daniel Bailey...................................................................................................75Isaiah 53 in the Gospels and Acts Peter Stuhlmacher....................................................................................................................................................................147The Fourth Servant Song in the New Testament Letters Otfried Hofius....................................................................................................................................................163The Servant of Isaiah 53 as Triumphant and Interceding Messiah: The Reception of Isaiah 52:13-53:12 in the Targum of Isaiah with Special Attention to the Concept of the Messiah Jostein dna..........................189Jesus Christ as a Man before God: Two Interpretive Models for Isaiah 53 in the Patristic Literature and Their Development Christoph Markschies.........................................................................225"Our Suffering and Crucified Messiah" (Dial. 111.2): Justin Martyr's Allusions to Isaiah 53 in His Dialogue with Trypho with Special Reference to the New Edition of M. Marcovich Daniel P. Bailey.....................324Isaiah 53 in the Sefer Hizzuk Emunah ("Faith Strengthened") of Rabbi Isaac ben Abraham of Troki Stefan Schreiner.......................................................................................................418A Classified Bibliography on Isaiah 53 Wolfgang Hllstrung, Gerlinde Feine, and Daniel P. Bailey.......................................................................................................................462Index of Primary Sources................................................................................................................................................................................................493Index of Modern Authors.................................................................................................................................................................................................511

Chapter One

The Conception and Prehistory of the Idea of Vicarious Suffering in the Old Testament

Hermann Spieckermann

Summary

The concept of "vicariousness" or "vicarious suffering" (Stellvertretung, stellvertretendes Leiden) in the Old Testament is inextricably linked with Isaiah 53. However, since the vicarious role of the Suffering Servant here is unique, it is necessary first to clarify the main characteristics of the idea of vicarious suffering in Isaiah 53 before searching for traditio-historical antecedents. Although the intercession of the one for the sins of the many and the thought of divine initiative are clearly characteristic of the chapter, subordinate themes like the sinlessness of the Servant and his acceptance of his fate remain more difficult to explain. Nevertheless, all these characteristics must guide research into the Old Testament roots of the notion of vicarious suffering. While past studies have sought these roots in the priestly atonement traditions and the prophets' intercession for the people, this study focuses on the latter tradition. Further investigation of exemplary texts from Amos, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel shows that the decisive preliminary theological work for the concept of vicarious suffering was accomplished in the seventh and early sixth centuries. Despite the precision of these findings, it is still not possible to reconstruct a self-contained prehistory of the idea of vicarious suffering in Isaiah 53. The prehistory sheds some light on the idea, but not enough to remove the mystery or uniqueness from chapter 53. This lack of predictability provides the best evidence that Isaiah 53 is trying to say something new.

In 1968 W. Zimmerli delivered a paper at the Sixth Congress of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament in Rome with the title "Zur Vorgeschichte von Jes. liii" ("On the Prehistory of Isaiah 53"). His thesis ran as follows. First, although the language of "bearing iniquity (or guilt, punishment)," [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], was already current at the start of the exilic period, it has been varied with great freedom in the fourth Servant Song (Isa. 52:13-53:12; hereafter Isaiah 53). As Zimmerli notes:

The language [of bearing iniquity] was by no means used for the first time with reference to the Suffering Servant. It existed previously in other contexts, but now in a novel way it is applied to the Servant and his suffering. To be sure, the original formula [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], "to bear iniquity," is varied with great freedom in Isaiah 53. Hence [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] in vv. 4, 11 can replace [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] in vv. 4 and 12. Similarly, [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], "infirmity," in v. 4, [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], "disease," in v. 4, and [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], "sin," in v. 12 can each be substituted for [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], "iniquity," in v. 11. Nevertheless, unmistakably behind all these variations, there still stands a common idea which has a wide range of application in the Old Testament.

Zimmerli then explains that two traditions condition the use of the language of bearing iniquity in Isaiah 53: first, priestly traditions of atonement through the vicarious taking up of guilt and punishment, as in Leviticus 10:17 and 16:22; second, the prophet Ezekiel's symbolic portrayal of the years of Israel's punishment, as reported in Ezekiel 4:4-8. Both traditions have supposedly left their mark on the fourth Servant Song. At the same time the difference between the Servant and Ezekiel cannot be overlooked. Ezekiel's bearing of iniquity for the people had absolutely no atoning effect. Zimmerli therefore concludes that vicarious suffering for "the many" (cf. Isa. 53:11-12) remains the proprium of the Servant.

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Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Eerdmans
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2004
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 080280845X
• ISBN 13: 9780802808455
• Einband: Taschenbuch
• Anzahl der Seiten: 552
• Herausgeber: Janowski Bernd, Stuhlmacher Peter
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Nicht verfügbar
• Verantwortliche Person: gpsr@libri.de; gpsr@libri.de; ; Friedensallee 273; Hamburg; 22763; Deutschland