Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress, Volume 1: New Perspectives on the History of Congress (Stanford Series in Social Science History) - Softcover

Softcover

ISBN 10: 0804745714 ISBN 13: 9780804745710

Verlag: STANFORD UNIV PR, 2002

Inhaltsangabe

In recent decades, political scientists have produced an enormous body of scholarship dealing with the U.S. Congress, and in particular congressional organization. However, most of this research has focused on Congress in the twentieth century-especially the post-New Deal era-and the long history of Congress has been largely neglected. The contributors to this book demonstrate that this inattention to congressional history has denied us many rich opportunities to more fully understand the evolution and functioning of the modern Congress.

In striking contrast to the modern era, which is marked by only modest partisan realignment and institutional change, the period preceding the New Deal was a time of rapid and substantial change in Congress. During the nation's first 150 years, parties emerged, developed, and realigned; the standing rules of the House and Senate expanded and underwent profound changes; the workload of Congress increased dramatically; and both houses grew considerably in size.

Studying history is valuable in large part because it allows scholars to observe greater variation in many of the parameters of their theories, and to test their core assumptions. A historical approach pushes scholars to recognize and confront the limits of their theories, resulting in theories that have increased validity and broader applicability. Thus, incorporating history into political science gives us a more dynamic view of Congress than the relatively static picture that emerges from a strict focus on recent periods.

Each contributor engages one of three general questions that have animated the literature on congressional politics in recent years: What is the role of party organizations in policy making? In what ways have congressional process and procedure changed over the years? How does congressional process and procedure affect congressional politics and policy?

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Über die Autorinnen und Autoren

David W. Brady is Bowen H. and Janice Arthur McCoy Professor of Political Science in the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Among his books are Continuity and Change in House Elections (with John F. Cogan and Morris P. Fiorina, Stanford, 2000) and Critical Elections and Congressional Policy Making (Stanford, 1988). Mathew D. McCubbins is Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. His work on Congress includes Legislative Leviathan (with Gary W. Cox).

David W. Brady is Bowen H. and Janice Arthur McCoy Professor of Political Science in the Stanford Graduate School of Business. Among his books are Continuity and Change in House Elections (with John F. Cogan and Morris P. Fiorina, Stanford, 2000) and Critical Elections and Congressional Policy Making (Stanford, 1988). Mathew D. McCubbins is Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego. His work on Congress includes Legislative Leviathan (with Gary W. Cox).

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In recent decades, political scientists have produced an enormous body of scholarship dealing with the U.S. Congress, and in particular congressional organization. However, most of this research has focused on Congress in the twentieth century—especially the post-New Deal era—and the long history of Congress has been largely neglected. The contributors to this book demonstrate that this inattention to congressional history has denied us many rich opportunities to more fully understand the evolution and functioning of the modern Congress.
In striking contrast to the modern era, which is marked by only modest partisan realignment and institutional change, the period preceding the New Deal was a time of rapid and substantial change in Congress. During the nation’s first 150 years, parties emerged, developed, and realigned; the standing rules of the House and Senate expanded and underwent profound changes; the workload of Congress increased dramatically; and both houses grew considerably in size.
Studying history is valuable in large part because it allows scholars to observe greater variation in many of the parameters of their theories, and to test their core assumptions. A historical approach pushes scholars to recognize and confront the limits of their theories, resulting in theories that have increased validity and broader applicability. Thus, incorporating history into political science gives us a more dynamic view of Congress than the relatively static picture that emerges from a strict focus on recent periods.
Each contributor engages one of three general questions that have animated the literature on congressional politics in recent years: What is the role of party organizations in policy making? In what ways have congressional process and procedure changed over the years? How does congressional process and procedure affect congressional politics and policy?

Aus dem Klappentext

In recent decades, political scientists have produced an enormous body of scholarship dealing with the U.S. Congress, and in particular congressional organization. However, most of this research has focused on Congress in the twentieth century especially the post-New Deal era and the long history of Congress has been largely neglected. The contributors to this book demonstrate that this inattention to congressional history has denied us many rich opportunities to more fully understand the evolution and functioning of the modern Congress.
In striking contrast to the modern era, which is marked by only modest partisan realignment and institutional change, the period preceding the New Deal was a time of rapid and substantial change in Congress. During the nation s first 150 years, parties emerged, developed, and realigned; the standing rules of the House and Senate expanded and underwent profound changes; the workload of Congress increased dramatically; and both houses grew considerably in size.
Studying history is valuable in large part because it allows scholars to observe greater variation in many of the parameters of their theories, and to test their core assumptions. A historical approach pushes scholars to recognize and confront the limits of their theories, resulting in theories that have increased validity and broader applicability. Thus, incorporating history into political science gives us a more dynamic view of Congress than the relatively static picture that emerges from a strict focus on recent periods.
Each contributor engages one of three general questions that have animated the literature on congressional politics in recent years: What is the role of party organizations in policy making? In what ways have congressional process and procedure changed over the years? How does congressional process and procedure affect congressional politics and policy?

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PARTY, PROCESS, AND POLITICAL CHANGE IN CONGRESS

New Perspectives on the History of Congress

STANFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

Copyright © 2002 Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
All right reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-8047-4571-0

Contents

Contributors...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ixTables.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................xvFigures....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................xixAcknowledgments............................................................................................................................................................................................................................xxii1. Party, Process, and Political Change: New Perspectives on the History of Congress DAVID W. BRADY AND MATHEW D. MCCUBBINS...............................................................................................................1PART I: PARTIES, COMMITTEES, AND POLITICAL CHANGE IN CONGRESS2. The Historical Variability in Conditional Party Government, 1877-1994 JOHN H. ALDRICH, MARK M. BERGER, AND DAVID W. ROHDE..............................................................................................................173. Do Parties Matter? BARBARA SINCLAIR....................................................................................................................................................................................................364. Party and Preference in Congressional Decision Making: Roll Call Voting in the House of Representatives, 1889-1999 JOSEPH COOPER AND GARRY YOUNG.......................................................................................645. Agenda Power in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1877-1986 GARY W. COX AND MATHEW D. MCCUBBINS.......................................................................................................................................1076. Agenda Power in the U.S. Senate, 1877-1986 ANDREA C. CAMPBELL, GARY W. COX, AND MATHEW D. MCCUBBINS....................................................................................................................................1467. Party Loyalty and Committee Leadership in the House, 1921-40 BRIAN R. SALA.............................................................................................................................................................166PART II: THE EVOLUTION AND CHOICE OF CONGRESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS8. Order from Chaos: The Transformation of the Committee System in the House, 1816-22 JEFFERY A. JENKINS AND CHARLES H. STEWART III.......................................................................................................1959. Leadership and Institutional Change in the Nineteenth-Century House RANDALL STRAHAN....................................................................................................................................................23710. Institutional Evolution and the Rise of the Tuesday-Thursday Club in the House of Representatives TIMOTHY P. NOKKEN AND BRIAN R. SALA.................................................................................................27011. Policy Leadership and the Development of the Modern Senate GERALD GAMM AND STEVEN S. SMITH............................................................................................................................................287PART III: POLICY CHOICE AND CONGRESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS12. Why Congress? What the Failure of the Confederation Congress and the Survival of the Federal Congress Tell Us About the New Institutionalism JOHN H. ALDRICH, CALVIN C. JILLSON, AND RICK K. WILSON...................................31513. Agenda Manipulation, Strategic Voting, and Legislative Details in the Compromise of 1850 SEAN M. THERIAULT AND BARRY R. WEINGAST......................................................................................................34314. Congress and the Territorial Expansion of the United States NOLAN MCCARTY, KEITH T. POOLE, AND HOWARD ROSENTHAL.......................................................................................................................39215. Representation of the Antebellum South in the House of Representatives: Measuring the Impact of the Three-Fifths Clause BRIAN D. HUMES, ELAINE K. SWIFT, RICHARD M. VALELLY, KENNETH FINEGOLD, AND EVELYN C. FINK.....................452Afterword: History as a Laboratory DAVID W. BRADY AND MATHEW D. MCCUBBINS.................................................................................................................................................................471Notes......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................473Works Cited................................................................................................................................................................................................................................501Name Index.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................525Subject Index..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................533

Chapter One

Party, Process, and Political Change: New Perspectives on the History of Congress

DAVID W. BRADY AND MATHEW D. MCCUBBINS

In recent decades, political scientists have produced an enormous body of scholarship dealing with the U.S. Congress and particularly with congressional organization. This wealth of scholarly work is quite diverse, spanning a wide range of theoretical perspectives, methodologies, and research questions. Yet to a great extent, contributions to this field share a common characteristic: they focus primarily on Congress in the twentieth century, often dealing only with the post-New Deal era. This modern emphasis is understandable-it is both sensible and unsurprising that our abilities and our interests are most keenly focused on our own times or the recent past. Our emphasis on only modern times, however, reduces our ken. While our theories of legislative institutions have substantial predictive power in the modern House and Senate, they say little about institutional or behavioral change. Our models tend to be static models of an unchanging time.

Many of the competing theories of legislative behavior and organization that are bandied about in the contemporary literature are found to be "observationally equivalent" over the range of behaviors that we observe in contemporary American politics. We find it difficult to test our static understandings with the data we have available, so we find it equally difficult to choose among the theories that...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: STANFORD UNIV PR
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2002
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 0804745714
• ISBN 13: 9780804745710
• Einband: Taschenbuch
• Auflage: 1
• Anzahl der Seiten: 576
• Herausgeber: Brady David W., McCubbins Mathew D.
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Mare Nostrum Group B.V.; gpsr@mare-nostrum.co.uk; ; Doelen 72; Breda; 4831 GR; Niederlande