Mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in Development and Humanitarian Programmes (Oxfam Skills and Practice) - Softcover

Holden, Sue

Softcover

ISBN 10: 0855985305 ISBN 13: 9780855985301

Verlag: PAPERBACKSHOP UK IMPORT, 2004

Inhaltsangabe

AIDS has radically changed the contexts in which development and humanitarian organisations operate, and now they need to adapt their policies and practice accordingly. Sue Holden explains the concept of mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in simple language, with practical guidelines for applying the approach in a wide range of sectors.Sue Holdens previous book, AIDS on the Agenda: Adapting Development and Humanitarian Programmes to Meet the Challenge of HIV/AIDS, made the case for mainstreaming, using both theoretical discussion and experiences from the field. She has now adapted that work to produce this shorter and simpler book, to make the idea and practice of mainstreaming more accessible to those who actually do development and humanitarian work, as well as those who manage and fund it.

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Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Sue Holden is an honorary Research Associate at Lancaster University. She has worked as a consultant for DFID, WHO, and several NGOs, including ActionAid and Oxfam.

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Mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in Development and Humanitarian Programmes

By Sue Holden

Oxfam Publishing

Copyright © 2004 Oxfam GB
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-0-85598-530-1

Contents

Acknowledgements, vii, 
Abbreviations, viii, 
Glossary, ix, 
Part 1: The case for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS, 
1 Introduction, 2, 
2 HIV/AIDS and under-development, 5, 
3 What does 'mainstreaming' mean?, 15, 
4 Why mainstream HIV/AIDS?, 25, 
5 Implications for responding to HIV/AIDS, 43, 
Part 2: Ideas for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS, 
6 Strategy and guiding principles, 52, 
7 Ideas for internal mainstreaming of HIV/AIDS, 60, 
8 Ideas for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in development work, 76, 
9 Ideas for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in humanitarian work, 92, 
10 Issues and challenges, 101, 
11 Conclusion, 115, 
Appendix 1: Basic information about HIV and AIDS, 119, 
Appendix 2: AIDS work and development work: complementary strategies, 122, 
References, 125, 
Index, 127, 

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

AIDS depends for its success on the failures of development. If the world was a fairer place, if opportunities for men and women were equal, if everyone was well nourished, good public services were the norm, and conflict was a rarity, then HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) would not have spread to its current extent, nor would the impacts of AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) be as great. We now know that the spread of HIV and the effects of AIDS are closely linked to development problems such as poverty and gender inequality. Development and humanitarian agencies should be doing more to respond to the challenges posed by HIV/AIDS. This book suggests a way in which they can do so through their existing work without necessarily establishing special programmes of HIV prevention or AIDS care.

This book is a shorter, simplified version of AIDS on the Agenda (Holden 2003), a book which can be ordered from Oxfam GB, or downloaded for free from http://www.oxfam.org.uk/what_we_do/issues/hivaids/aidsagenda.htm. The ideas in the two books are the same; but this version, we hope, is accessible to a wider range of readers: those who actually do development and humanitarian work, in addition to those who manage it and fund it. Unlike AIDS on the Agenda, this book does not feature quotations and case studies; instead it presents general lessons learned – mainly from the experiences of non-government and community-based organisations (NGOs and CBOs) working in the parts of Africa that are worst affected by HIV/AIDS.

AIDS has changed the world. This book is about the changes that we need to make in order to do effective development and humanitarian work in a world of AIDS.

What this book contains

Part 1 presents the reasoning behind the idea of mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in existing development and humanitarian work, and Part 2 presents practical ideas for agencies that are seeking to mainstream HIV/AIDS into their work.

Part 1: The case for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS

Chapter 2 considers the two-way relationship between under-development and the causes and consequences of HIV/AIDS. It shows how the disease can make gender inequality worse, and claims that HIV/AIDS is a long-term development problem with no obvious solution.

Chapter 3 explores what mainstreaming means, by setting out the four main terms used in this book:

• AIDS work

• integrated AIDS work

• external (programmatic) mainstreaming of AIDS

• and internal (organisational) mainstreaming of AIDS.

It identifies similarities and differences between them, and gives practical examples of what the terms mean for development and humanitarian organisations.

Chapter 4 addresses the question 'Why mainstream HIV/AIDS?'. It considers some of the problems that may arise if development and humanitarian organisations fail to take AIDS into account in their ordinary work. It also responds to some objections to the idea of mainstreaming HIV/AIDS, and describes two problems which development organisations may meet when they do AIDS work.

Chapter 5 draws together all the elements of Part 1. It presents a 'web', showing four levels of influence on HIV transmission, and different kinds of response, both direct and indirect. Currently most of the global response to AIDS is direct; this chapter argues that all the influences need to be addressed and recommends that in AIDS-affected countries the indirect approach of mainstreaming should be the basic initial strategy for development and humanitarian agencies. Organisations with enough capacity, skills, and resources should ideally also engage in direct AIDS work; others might form partnerships with other agencies that are undertaking AIDS work.

Part 2: Ideas for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS

Chapter 6 provides some general strategies for initiating and sustaining mainstreaming, and proposes some guiding principles. Chapter 7 offers ideas for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS within the internal operations of development and humanitarian agencies, and Chapters 8 and 9 offer suggestions for external mainstreaming in development and humanitarian programmes respectively. Chapter 10 presents an overview of the issues and challenges involved in promoting and adopting the strategy of mainstreaming, and the book concludes with Chapter 11.

Using this book

If you are not sure about the basic facts of HIV/AIDS, you should first read Appendix I. It describes the ways in which HIV can be passed from one human to another, and the four stages through which someone who is infected with HIV passes: from initial infection to developing AIDS. The appendix also explains how patterns of HIV infection vary according to age, sex, ethnicity, wealth, and occupation.

You will find that most technical words or phrases are included in the book's glossary on pages ix–xii. Each of these words or phrases is shown in italics the first time that it is used in the main text.

Most readers will need to read Part 1 of the book before Part 2. However, if you are already convinced of the case for mainstreaming, you might read only Chapters 3 and 5 before going on to Part 2.

When you reach Part 2, you may want to prioritise reading Chapter 7, if you are particularly interested in ideas for mainstreaming HIV/AIDS within organisations; or Chapter 8, if you are mainly interested in development work; or Chapter 9, if your main concern is humanitarian work. Chapters 6 and 10 are relevant to all three types of mainstreaming.

Some of the ideas for mainstreaming in Part 2 are presented in more detail, with practical suggestions for implementation, in a series of Units published in AIDS on the Agenda. If you have access to the Internet, you may wish to download the Units, which are listed below, from http://www.oxfam.org.uk /what_we_do/issues/hivaids/aidsagenda.htm.

Unit 1 Researching the current internal impacts of AIDS

Unit 2 Predicting the internal impacts of AIDS

Unit 3 Assessing the impacts of AIDS education

Unit 4 Devising or adapting a workplace policy

Unit 5 Monitoring the internal impacts of AIDS and the effects of internal mainstreaming

Unit 6 Training for mainstreaming AIDS in development work

Unit 7 Undertaking community research for mainstreaming AIDS in development work

Unit 8 Adapting organisational systems

Unit 9 Training for mainstreaming AIDS in humanitarian work

Unit...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: PAPERBACKSHOP UK IMPORT
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2004
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 0855985305
• ISBN 13: 9780855985301
• Einband: Taschenbuch
• Anzahl der Seiten: 135
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Nicht verfügbar
• Verantwortliche Person: preigu; mail@preigu.de; ; Lengericher Landstr. 19; Osnabrück; 49078; Deutschland