Colliery working and management; comprising the duties of a colliery manager, the superintendence & arrangement of labour & wages, and the different systems of working coal seams - Softcover
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1906 edition. Excerpt: ... Wood colliery, the Deep seam lies at a depth of 200 yards, and its average section is 6 feet 10 inches. In one district of the colliery it was worked under a very bad top stone, a jointy shale with no good parting for about 10 feet up. Bord and pillar was tried, but it was said to be impossible to keep the topstone up in the bords. It was, however, successfully worked by longwall, with a straight face, the stone packing being kept well up to the face, within 4 or 5 feet of it, and the gob made quite solid. Thick Seam worked by Longwall.--It was mentioned on page 139 that thick seams could often be more profitably worked by the longwall method than by bord and pillar, and of this the following instance, taken from a Northumberland colliery, may be given. The seam worked--the Main Coal--is of the following section:--Top stone--thick panel of post. Ft. In. Top coal 3 4J Band (seggar) 03 variable. Bottom coal 2 % coarse. Fig. 103, Plate XXVI., is a reproduction of a photograph taken in this longwall face, showing two hewers at work, and the overman leaning against a coal tub. The roof is a strong "framey" post (sandstone), and the thill is a bastard seggar or fireclay. The distance between the gateways is from 20 to 25 yards, the tramway being laid along the face, and moved forward as the face advances. Although the seam is sufficiently thick to afford good travelling height, yet about 3 feet of the roof is shot down in the gateways every night, for the packing in the goaf, and this proves of further use later on when the "squeeze" commences, which considerably reduces the travelling height in the gateways and cross-headings. The packing or pillaring is carried out in the following manner. The stone shot down after the...
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