Excerpt from The Science and Technology Resources of Japan: A Comparison With the United States
Much quantitative information is available on Ja pan's scientific research and experimental development. While most data for the United States and Japan are directly comparable, there are some definitional differ ences in particular statistical series; in such cases, em phasis is placed on each country' s trends rather than on absolute values. Appendix A, Technical Notes, details such differences and any adjustments that were made to the Japanese or us. Data to make them more com parable.
Another comparative problem arises when Japanese expenditures are converted into US dollars. Yen-dollar market exchange rates have become rather volatile, re flecting dynamics that are increasingly independent of the relative purchasing power of the currencies. To avoid the distortions that arise froi'n market exchange rate con versions, purchasing power parities calculated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop ment are used to convert yen to dollars. Additionally, gnp implicit price deflators are used to convert current dollars into constant 1982 dollars in order to provide time series data that reflect real, rather than nominal, trends in expenditures. A brief discussion of purchasing power parities is included in appendix A.
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Paperback. Zustand: New. Print on Demand. This book is an exploration of the significant growth in Japan's scientific and technological innovation and capabilities that have taken place since 1965. In the years since World War II, Japan has transformed itself into the world's second-largest economy, with S/T indicators reflecting the level of effort of a mature industrialized nation. The emergence of Japan as a major technological power offers many fascinating case studies on the mechanics and innovations that have led to their position as a world leader in scientific and technological innovation. This book details the important role of private industry in Japan's R&D sector, responsible for 69% of all R&D funding in the country. It also examines the government's role in promoting and funding specific R&D projects, particularly those focused on basic research and the development of new technologies. The in-depth analysis provided in this book is crucial for anyone interested in understanding modern scientific and technological innovation. This book is a reproduction of an important historical work, digitally reconstructed using state-of-the-art technology to preserve the original format. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in the book. print-on-demand item. Bestandsnummer des Verkäufers 9781334823510_0
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PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000. Bestandsnummer des Verkäufers LW-9781334823510
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