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HUMAN AND MACHINE IN RIVALRY: Are Robots Taking Over? - Softcover

Zaman, Rokon

 
9781549907623: HUMAN AND MACHINE IN RIVALRY: Are Robots Taking Over?

Inhaltsangabe

Are machines defeating us by taking away our jobs? Or, we are rather succeeding in delegating roles to improved, smarter machines to get the job done better--at less cost, while causing less harm to the environment. There is no denial that job loss is a concern—particularly, massive job loss. For example, the emergence of autonomous truck fleet is threatening 3.5 million truckers’ job, in the USA alone. A recent study indicates that as high as 70 percent Americans are worried about the concern that robots are taking over our lives. The perceived job loss threat is so intense that some studies are predicting that robotics could force governments to legislate for quotas of human workers . But, we need to create increasing amount of outputs from depleting natural resources to meet the growing consumption of fellow human beings--of whom 1 out of 10 remains hungry everyday. And to increase our wealth creation ability, we need to keep delegating roles from human to machines—reaching to human free production. Although, technology was progressing taking away jobs, but the possibility of human-free production is first time getting reality in major productive activities—such as driving or making cars. As a result, the possibility of human free factories with the consequential effect of massive job loss is growing as a significant concern, across the world. The threat of automation is no longer limited to high-wage countries only; rather developing countries appear to be far more vulnerable than their richer counter parts. For example, Ethiopia, India and China run the risk of loosing 85, 69 and 77 percent jobs respectively to automation, as opposed to 47 percent US jobs which are at risk to technology—according to a report from Citi and the Oxford Martin School, published in 2015 . Bangladesh’s 4.4 million industrial jobs in the export oriented ready-made garments industry, which have uplifted the country to low middle income status, are also vulnerable to sewbots, causing the fear of getting caught in the likely discontinuity of development chain. Having the imported technology cheaper alterative to low cost industrial labor, a country like Bangladesh-- just graduated from the least developed country status--is running the risk to suffer from premature deindustrialization. It appears that automation is threatening to block the ascent of Asia’s developing countries towards higher value added segments of industrial value chain. On the other hand, technology progression is our core capability to address conflicting variables, such as produce more with less in a safer way. In absence of role delegation from human to smarter machines, we cannot reduce pollution without curtailing production; increase production of foods with depleting arable land; enhance food safety primarily contaminated by human touch, reduce deaths caused by air pollution and road accidents; improve energy efficiency; and address many more issues critical to sustainable development. Is the technology progression driven by occurrences of random events? Or, it’s just the outcome of Eureka moment. In this book, the pattern of role delegation to technology in increasing our ability to offer better quality products at lower cost, while causing less harm to the environment has been reviewed. The role of technology progression at the center of wealth creation capability has been raised in this book. Instead of wasting time in getting caught by the deceptive perception of the role of machines on jobs and wealth creation, we should explore smarter policy and regulatory options to capitalize technology progression to address our pressing development agenda.

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