Development with a Body: Sexuality, Human Rights, and Development - Softcover

Softcover

ISBN 10: 1842778919 ISBN 13: 9781842778913

Verlag: Bloomsbury 3PL, 2008

Inhaltsangabe

'We used to talk about development with a human face. We should be talking about development with a body'
Arit Oku-Egbas, African Regional Sexuality Resource Centre, Nigeria

Sex and sexuality have always had a place at the heart of the development agenda - from concerns regarding population and environment, to practices in education and efforts for protecting reproductive health and rights. Yet this agenda has largely focused on negative dimensions of sexuality - disease, risk, violation - rather than positive aspects, including rights to sexual fulfillment, wellbeing and pleasure. The shift towards a rights-based approach to development has brought the human rights dimensions of sexuality into clearer view, and consequently the need to address discriminatory laws and violations of the human rights of those whose sexual identity and practices diverge from dominant sexual orders/norms.

This book offers compelling insights into contemporary challenges and transformative possibilities of the struggle for sexual rights. It combines the conceptual with the political, and offering inspiring examples of practical interventions and campaigns that emphasize the positive dimensions of sexuality. It brings together reflections and experiences of researchers, activists and practitioners from Brazil, India, Nigeria, Peru, Serbia, South Africa, Turkey, the UK and Zambia. From political discourse on sex and masculinity to sex work and trafficking, from HIV and sexuality to struggles for legal reform and citizenship, the authors explore the gains of creating stronger linkages between sexuality, human rights and development.

Über diesen Titel

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Andrea Cornwall is a Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex.

Sonia Corrêa is Research associate at ABIA - Brazilian Interdisciplinary Association for AIDS, DAWN Coordinator for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights research and analysis and Co-chair of Sexuality Policy Watch.

Susie Jolly is Gender Communications Officer at BRIDGE, at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex.

Auszug. © Genehmigter Nachdruck. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

Development with a Body

Sexuality, Human Rights and Development

By Andrea Cornwall, Sonia Corrêa, Susie Jolly

Zed Books Ltd

Copyright © 2008 EGDI
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-84277-891-3

Contents

Abbreviations, vii, 
Acknowledgements, x, 
Foreword by Paul Hunt, xi, 
1 Development with a body: making the connections between sexuality, human rights and development | ANDREA CORNWALL, SONIA CORREA AND SUSIE JOLLY, 1, 
2 Development's encounter with sexuality: essentialism and beyond | SONIA CORREA AND SUSIE JOLLY, 22, 
ONE | Sexual rights/human rights, 
3 Sexual rights are human rights | KATE SHEILL, 45, 
4 Sex work, trafficking and HIV: how development is compromising sex workers' human rights | MELISSA DITMORE, 54, 
5 The language of rights | JAYA SHARMA, 67, 
6 Children's sexual rights in an era of HIV/AIDS | DEEVIA BHANA, 77, 
7 The rights of man | ALAN GREIG, 86, 
8 Human rights interrupted: an illustration from India | SUMIT BAUDH, 93, 
TWO | Gender and sex orders, 
9 Discrimination against lesbians in the workplace | ALEJANDRA SARDÁ, 107, 
10 Ruling masculinities in post-apartheid South Africa | KOPANO RATELE, 121, 
11 Gender, identity and travestí rights in Peru | GIUSEPPE CAMPUZANO, 136, 
12 Small powers, little choice: reproductive and sexual rights in slums in Bangladesh | SABINA FAIZ RASHID, 146, 
13 Social and political inclusion of sex workers as a preventive measure against trafficking: Serbian experiences | JELENA DJORDJEVIC, 161, 
14 Confronting our prejudices: women's movement experiences in Bangladesh | SHIREEN HUQ, 181, 
15 Sexuality education as a human right: lessons from Nigeria |ADENIKE O. ESIET, 187, 
16 Terms of contact and touching change: investigating pleasure in an HIV epidemic | JILL LEWIS AND GILL GORDON, 199, 
17 A democracy of sexuality: linkages and strategies for sexual rights, participation and development | HENRY ARMAS, 210, 
18 Integrating sexuality into gender and human rights frameworks: a case study from Turkey | PINAR ILKKARACAN AND KARIN RONGE, 225, 
About the authors, 243, 
Index, 249, 

CHAPTER 1

Development with a body: making the connections between sexuality, human rights and development

ANDREA CORNWALL, SONIA CORRÊA AND SUSIE JOLLY

'We used to talk about development with a human face. We should be talking about development with a body.' Arit Oku-Egbas, Africa Regional Resource Centre, Nigeria

In Stockholm, in April 2006, an unusual combination of people gathered together with considerable excitement: an Argentinian lesbian activist, the Swedish Minister for International Development Cooperation, a South African sexuality researcher, a Turkish sexual rights NGO organizer and a UN Special Rapporteur, among others. This exceptional get-together, hosted by Sweden's Ministry for Foreign Affairs' Expert Group on Development Issues (EGDI), was the first of its kind, a seminar on making the linkages between sexuality, human rights and development.

The seminar provided a precious opportunity for exchange between sexual rights activists and government policy-makers, and for exploring the intersections between sexuality, human rights and development. It came soon after the adoption by the Swedish Foreign Ministry of a new policy on sexual and reproductive health and rights, which is the most comprehensive and far-reaching policy on sexual rights adopted by any development cooperation ministry so far, and a laudable move in the current climate of conservative backlash. Out of these discussions came this book, which draws together contributions from participants at the Stockholm seminar and from others who participated in a workshop entitled Realizing Sexual Rights, which had been held at the Institute of Development Studies in Brighton some months previously.

This introduction opens by briefly reporting on some of the 'sex wars' currently under way at local, national and global levels. These realities compellingly portray how sexual matters are key factors behind discrimination and injustice, and demonstrate how policy debates on sexuality are increasingly captured by conservative positions and ideologies that often escape the radars of progressive development actors. Then it moves towards a brief reminder that what is witnessed in today's world has many parallels with other times and places. This is followed by an examination of how the lack of critical systematic reflection about dominant conceptions of sexuality and gender – in particular heteronormativity – explains the silences and resistances observed in the development field in relation to 'sex'. Novel conceptual paths that may lead to a virtuous reframing of these connections are also explored, with a particular emphasis on the possibilities opened by a more consistent articulation of development and human rights. These new conceptual paths are not, however, exempt from paradoxes and challenges. While one example is the binary logic that still prevails in mainstream approaches to gender and development, another concerns the complexities of articulating rights and sexual identities. In a further step the pervasiveness and detrimental implications of existing sex and gender orders, as deployed in discourses and translated into realities, are scrutinized. The last section calls for the transformation of mindsets and provides inspiring illustrations of how this can be done.

Contexts and histories

Today's 'sex wars' – to use a phrase coined by Gayle Rubin (1984) – have a long history. In the current geopolitical order, they have taken on a new intensity. These wars have emerged acutely on the stage of the United Nations, which has become a veritable battleground (Girard 2001; Corrêa and Parker 2004; Sen and Corrêa 2000, among others). As Gita Sen (2005) observes, for all the talk of a 'clash of civilizations', there is little clash among those who for reasons of politics or religion oppose the possibility of granting sexual rights and freedoms to those who fail to conform to their prescribed norms. Faced with a perverse confluence of powerful reactionary actors, advocates of sexual rights reckon with an ever more hostile climate at the international level. Yet sexual rights activism has reached unprecedented levels of international connectivity, and continues to make advances in a number of settings.

While this book was being edited, hundreds of episodes took place throughout the world which illustrate the breadth and complexity of issues of sexuality. They also highlight the importance of addressing these through a human rights and development lens. A few are outlined below:

• In Lucknow, India, NGO activists doing HIV prevention work in a public place were caught by police and imprisoned, accused of infringing Article 377 of the Indian Penal Code – inherited from British imperial law – which criminalizes sodomy. In Nepal, the Blue Diamond society struggled for some days to secure the release of a group of Metis (transgender people) caught and abused by the police. They subsequently organized a demonstration in front of the Indian embassy to protest against the Lucknow arrests. Later in 2006, Indian debates gained greater global visibility, as a number of celebrities, including Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen, raised their voices in support of ongoing struggles to repeal Article 377.

• In Brazil, a sex workers' association launched a new fashion label with...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Bloomsbury 3PL
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2008
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 1842778919
• ISBN 13: 9781842778913
• Einband: Taschenbuch
• Anzahl der Seiten: 272
• Herausgeber: Cornwall Andrea, Correa Sonia, Jolly Susie
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Nicht verfügbar
• Verantwortliche Person: gpsr@libri.de; gpsr@libri.de; ; Europaallee 1; Bad Hersfeld; 36244; Deutschland