Aspects of Multilingual Aphasia (Communication Disorders Across Languages, 8) - Hardcover

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 1847697542 ISBN 13: 9781847697547

Verlag: Multilingual Matters, 2012

Inhaltsangabe

This volume provides a broad overview of current work in aphasia in individuals who speak more than one language. With contributions from many of the leading researchers in the field, the material included, both experimental work and theoretical overviews, should prove useful to both researchers and clinicians. The book should also appeal to a broader audience, including all who have an interest in the study of language disorders in an increasingly multicultural/multilingual world (e.g. students of speech-language pathology and linguistics). The areas of multilingual aphasia addressed in this collection include assessment and treatment, language phenomena (e.g. code-switching), particular language pairs (including a bidialectal study), and the role of cultural context.

Über diesen Titel

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Martin R. Gitterman, Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences at Lehman College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York. He has published in the areas of neurolinguistics, aphasia, second language acquisition, bilingualism, and applied linguistics. http: //www.lehman.edu//academics/arts-humanities/speech-language-hearing-sciences/gitterman-faculty-page.php

Mira Goral, Ph.D. CCC-SLP is a Professor of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences at Lehman College and The Graduate Center of The City University of New York. She also holds an appointment at the Harold Goodglass Aphasia Research Center of the Boston University School of Medicine. She has published in the areas of multilingualism, aphasia, language attrition, and language and cognition in aging. Http: //www.lehman.edu/academics/arts-humanities/speech-language-hearing-sciences/mira.php

Loraine K. Obler, Ph.D. is a Distinguished Professor at the CUNY Graduate Center, with appointments in both Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and Linguistics, as well as at the Harold Goodglass Aphasia Research Center of the Boston University School of Medicine. She has co-authored articles and books on her areas of interest: neurolinguistics, bilingualism and the brain, cross-language study of aphasia, and language in aging. http: //web.gc.cuny.edu/speechandhearing/faculty/lobler.asp

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Aspects of Multilingual Aphasia

By Martin R. Gitterman, Mira Goral, Loraine K. Obler

Multilingual Matters

Copyright © 2012 Martin R. Gitterman, Mira Goral, Loraine K. Obler and the authors of individual chapters
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-84769-754-7

Contents

Contributors, 
Introduction Martin R. Gitterman, Mira Goral and Loraine K. Obler, 
Part 1: Broad Considerations, 
1 The Study of Bilingual Aphasia: The Questions Addressed Loraine K. Obler and Youngmi Park, 
2 Bilingual Aphasia: Neural Plasticity and Considerations for Recovery Daniel Adrover-Roig, Karine Marcotte, Lilian C. Scherer and Ana Inés Ansaldo, 
Part 2: Assessment and Treatment, 
3 What Do We Know About Assessing Language Impairment in Bilingual Aphasia? Swathi Kiran and Patricia M. Roberts, 
4 Morphological Assessment in Bilingual Aphasia: Compounding and the Language Nexus Gary Libben, 
5 The Clinical Management of Anomia in Bilingual Speakers of Spanish and English Maria L. Muñoz, 
6 Generalization in Bilingual Aphasia Treatment Kathryn Kohnert and Michael Peterson, 
7 Cross-Language Treatment Effects in Multilingual Aphasia Mira Goral, 
8 Language Deficits, Recovery Patterns and Effective Intervention in a Multilingual 16 Years Post-TBI Daly Sebastian, Usha Dalvi and Loraine K. Obler, 
Part 3: Bilingual Language Phenomena, 
9 Bilingual Aphasia and Code-Switching: Representation and Control Alessandra Riccardi, 
10 Grammatical Category Deficits in Bilingual Aphasia Yasmeen Faroqi-Shah, 
11 Language Choice in Bilingual Aphasia: Memory and Emotions Carmit Altman, Mali Gil and Joel Walters, 
12 Acquired Dyslexia and Dysgraphia in Bilinguals Across Alphabetical and Non-Alphabetical Scripts Maximiliano A. Wilson, Karima Kahlaoui and Brendan S. Weekes, 
Part 4: Language Pairs, 
13 Morphosyntactic Features in the Spoken Language of Spanish-English Bilinguals with Aphasia José G. Centeno, 
14 Non-Word Jargon Produced by a French-English Bilingual Nicole Müller and Zaneta Mok, 
15 Number-Processing Deficit in a Bilingual (Chinese-English) Speaker Nancy Eng, 
16 A Case Study of a Bidialectal (African-American Vernacular English/Standard American English) Speaker with Agrammatism Jean E. Jones, Martin R. Gitterman and Loraine K. Obler, 
Part 5: Cultural Context, 
17 Aphasia, Language and Culture: Arabs in the US Reem Khamis-Dakwar and Karen Froud, 
18 Towards Cultural Aphasiology: Contextual Models of Service Delivery in Aphasia Claire Penn, 
Index, 

CHAPTER 1

The Study of Bilingual Aphasia: The Questions Addressed

Loraine K. Obler and Youngmi Park

Introduction

Educated 19th-century Europeans were well aware that Europe was home to many multilinguals as well as monolinguals. Of course the early debates about language organization in the brain that observation of aphasia patterns permitted intended to address the questions of universals of human language representation. Thus it followed that questions about language patterns in bilinguals and multilinguals would be among the issues that scholars addressed. In this chapter, we consider the questions that have been asked concerning bilingual and multilingual aphasia from that period to the present.

The first focus of interest concerned the question of which language returned first, and whether it was the first or most-used language (Freud, 1891; Pitres, 1895). Such reports provided the literature with interesting individual case studies and series of case studies well into the 20th century.

As understanding of lateral dominance for language grew in the mid-20th century, the question arose of whether multilingualism resulted in more crossed aphasia (aphasia in a right-hander resulting from a right-hemisphere lesion) than was seen in monolinguals with aphasia (e.g. Gloning & Gloning, 1965). By the late 1970s, more fine-grained questions were being asked about the patterns of impairments across the languages of multilingual individuals with aphasia, the patterns of recovery from their aphasia and the factors that determined these (Obler & Albert, 1977; Paradis, 1977).

With the expansion of treatments for aphasia in the later 20th century came a set of studies of the effectiveness of such treatments in the languages of the multilingual (Fredman, 1975; and Watamori & Sasanuma, 1978, among the first). These have led to a recent series of more experimental studies on the topic in the 21st century, some of which also ask whether enhanced brain activation can be seen post-therapy.

In what follows we review the chronology of questions asked in the research on multilingual aphasia, considering the implicit as well as explicit questions addressed in each era. We focus at somewhat greater length on the more recent studies that have been less frequently reviewed, concluding with those questions that may be on the cutting edge of our topic.

Studies of Recovery Patterns

In this section we cover the questions of the late 19th century and first three-quarters of the 20th century concerning which language returns first, what patterns of impairment and recovery are seen, and where in the brain a mechanism for switching between languages can be found. The general rule for impairment patterns in aphasia is that there is the same kind of aphasia in all the languages, and the degree of impairment is proportional to the degree of proficiency the patient had in each language prior to the aphasia-producing incident. However, today, as in prior centuries, there have been cases where this rule did not hold, and these are the ones that provoked the question of what determines recovery patterns.

While there must have been substantial numbers of multilinguals whose aphasia impairment and recovery were unremarkable, we now have a literature of over 200 cases where differential recovery was reported. The two explanations that dominated the first 80 years of studying this question were whether the first language would return first, as Ribot predicted in his book Disease of Memory (1881) and Freud asserted in his book On Aphasia (1891). The alternative that Pitres proposed was that the language that had been used most around the time of the accident was the one most likely to recover better (Pitres, 1895). At one point it appeared that Pitres' rule held with greater than chance accuracy, at least in individuals with onset of aphasia before age 60 (Obler & Albert, 1977), but in a later analysis of additional cases the picture became murkier. So, it would seem that the answer to that question is that neither the rules of Pitres nor of Ribot hold with greater than chance accuracy (Obler & Mahecha, 1991). However, in the early–mid 20th century, a new alternative was added to the question, asking to what extent emotional attitudes to one's languages played a role in predicting relative impairment. Authors such as Minkowski (1963) and Krapf (1955) reported single-case studies to make the point that an unusual pattern of recovery appeared to be linked to particular emotional attachments or dislikes.

Only with Paradis' (1977) taxonomy did the questions concerning differential impairment and recovery take a step back from simplistic causal ones to consider the complexity of impairment patterns as they play out over the course of recovery. Much more detailed analyses of language patterns emerged as linguists and speech-language pathologists joined neurologists in the study of multilingual aphasia. The...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Multilingual Matters
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2012
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 1847697542
• ISBN 13: 9781847697547
• Einband: Gebundene Ausgabe
• Anzahl der Seiten: 340
• Herausgeber: Gitterman Martin R., Goral Mira, Obler Loraine K.
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: preigu GmbH & Co. KG; mail@preigu.de; ; Lengericher Landstr. 19; Osnabrück; Niedersachsen; 49078; Deutschland