Water Contamination Emergencies: Monitoring, Understanding and Acting (Special Publications, Band 331) - Hardcover

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 184973156X ISBN 13: 9781849731560

Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011

Inhaltsangabe

This book is the proceedings of the International Conference on Water Contamination Emergencies: Monitoring, Understanding, Acting held in October 2010. The fourth in a series of conference proceedings this book develops themes from three previous, highly successful Water Contamination conferences in addition to dealing specifically with four new principle themes: monitoring, understanding, acting and lessons learned. With contributions from leading scientists and experts in academia and industry it offers a truly international perspective on our ability to deal with water contamination emergencies. Emphasis is given to prevention, strategy and unusual emergency incident situations relating to drinking water. The book appeals across the board from public health and environmental professionals to companies, agencies, regulators and experts involved in emergency planning and response.

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Über die Autorinnen und Autoren

Over the last 40 years, Prof. Thompson has gained very broad experience in the management of environmental laboratories. He has managed laboratories at both Severn Trent and Yorkshire Water. He is currently Chief Scientist of ALcontrol UK. ALcontrol Laboratories employs over 1600 staff in the UK and mainland Europe in 11 countries. It is one of the largest contract water, soil air and food analysis laboratory organisations in Europe. He set up the UK water laboratories mutual aid group in 1995 and still chairs this group and is active on a number of ISO/CEN and British Standard committees. He has published over 60 papers and a number of books. Ulrich Borchers has been working with the IWW Water Centre in Muelheim/Ruhr (Germany) since 1993, in different executive positions. Since 2002 he has been Manager of the Water Quality Department and Authorised Officer of the Water Centre. His routine lab and the R&D group comprise nearly 55 scientists from various disciplines and technical staff as well. In 2004 he was also appointed Technical Chief Executive Officer of the IWW NORD, a branch of the IWW Water Centre in Northern Germany. The focus of Ulrich Borchers' work is on instrumental chemical (organic and inorganic) and microbiological water analysis, as well as on the examination and assessment of different types of water and water treatment chemicals. Furthermore, he is active in the field of organising national and international PTs for water parameters and he also has long-term experience as lecturer at the "Academy of Public Health" in Duesseldorf, Germany (education of health authorities¦ staff). He has been the Chair of several European Conferences in the field of Water Policy and organises annual conferences on PT schemes for drinking water laboratories in the framework of the German Drinking Water Regulation. Finally, Ulrich is active in the field of European (CEN) and International (ISO) standardisation of analytical methods and is involved with several activities around the implementation of European Water Directives (e.g. Water Framework Directive, Drinking Water Directive, Groundwater Directive) in co-operation with the General Directorate Environment of the European Commission (EU DG ENV) in Brussels. He has published about 45 papers in international literature and several books. Professor Professor Peter A. Williams currently holds position as Academic Leader, Materials and Analytical Science, Director, Materials Science Research Centre, Glyndwr University, UK. He was first appointed as Research Scientist at Glyndwr University in 1978 before becoming Senior Research Scientist in 1986, Reader in 1990, Director Centre for Water Soluble Polymers 1994, Professor Polymer and Colloid Chemistry in 1996, Director Materials Science Research Centre 2006 and as Academic Leader Materials and Analytical Sciences in 2010. His work has concentrated on the synthesis, characterisation, properties and applications of a broad range of polysaccharides and synthetic water soluble polymers.

Over the last 40 years, Prof. Thompson has gained very broad experience in the management of environmental laboratories. He has managed laboratories at both Severn Trent and Yorkshire Water. He is currently Chief Scientist of ALcontrol UK. ALcontrol Laboratories employs over 1600 staff in the UK and mainland Europe in 11 countries. It is one of the largest contract water, soil air and food analysis laboratory organisations in Europe. He set up the UK water laboratories mutual aid group in 1995 and still chairs this group and is active on a number of ISO/CEN and British Standard committees. He has published over 60 papers and a number of books. Ulrich Borchers has been working with the IWW Water Centre in Muelheim/Ruhr (Germany) since 1993, in different executive positions. Since 2002 he has been Manager of the Water Quality Department and Authorised Officer of the Water Centre. His routine lab and the R&D group comprise nearly 55 scientists from various disciplines and technical staff as well. In 2004 he was also appointed Technical Chief Executive Officer of the IWW NORD, a branch of the IWW Water Centre in Northern Germany. The focus of Ulrich Borchers' work is on instrumental chemical (organic and inorganic) and microbiological water analysis, as well as on the examination and assessment of different types of water and water treatment chemicals. Furthermore, he is active in the field of organising national and international PTs for water parameters and he also has long-term experience as lecturer at the "Academy of Public Health" in Duesseldorf, Germany (education of health authorities¦ staff). He has been the Chair of several European Conferences in the field of Water Policy and organises annual conferences on PT schemes for drinking water laboratories in the framework of the German Drinking Water Regulation. Finally, Ulrich is active in the field of European (CEN) and International (ISO) standardisation of analytical methods and is involved with several activities around the implementation of European Water Directives (e.g. Water Framework Directive, Drinking Water Directive, Groundwater Directive) in co-operation with the General Directorate Environment of the European Commission (EU DG ENV) in Brussels. He has published about 45 papers in international literature and several books. Professor Professor Peter A. Williams currently holds position as Academic Leader, Materials and Analytical Science, Director, Materials Science Research Centre, Glyndwr University, UK. He was first appointed as Research Scientist at Glyndwr University in 1978 before becoming Senior Research Scientist in 1986, Reader in 1990, Director Centre for Water Soluble Polymers 1994, Professor Polymer and Colloid Chemistry in 1996, Director Materials Science Research Centre 2006 and as Academic Leader Materials and Analytical Sciences in 2010. His work has concentrated on the synthesis, characterisation, properties and applications of a broad range of polysaccharides and synthetic water soluble polymers.

Von der hinteren Coverseite

This book is the proceedings of the International Conference on Water Contamination Emergencies: Monitoring, Understanding, Acting held in October 2010. The fourth in a series of conference proceedings, this book develops themes from three previous, highly successful Water Contamination Emergencies conferences in addition to dealing specifically with four new principle themes: monitoring, understanding, acting and lessons learned. With contributions from leading scientists and experts in academia and industry it offers a truly international perspective on our ability to deal with water contamination emergencies. Emphasis is given to prevention, strategy and unusual emergency incident situations relating to drinking water. This book should appeal to public health professionals, water companies, regulators, risk and business continuity managers, emergency planners, local authorities, service and support providers, disaster recovery specialists, water security experts, water distribution modellers, and all experts involved in emergency planning and response.

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Water Contamination Emergencies

Monitoring, Understanding and Acting

By K. Clive Thompson, Ulrich Borchers

The Royal Society of Chemistry

Copyright © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-84973-156-0

Contents

Drinking water safety: guidance to health and water professionals – and other health protection issues on water safety V. Murray and G. Lau, 1, 
A novel approach for early warning of drinking water contamination events B.H. Tangena, P.J.C.M Janssen, G. Tiesjema, E.J. van den Brandhof, M. Klein Koerkamp, J. W. Verhoef, A. Filippi, W. van Delft, 13, 
Detection and identification of microbial contamination R. Aitchison, C. Heller, U. Reidt, A. Helwig and A. Friedberger, 32, 
Validation of a water quality monitoring platform in Barcelona drinking water treatment plant R. López-Roldán, S. González, J. Ribó, J. Appels and J.L. Cortina, 39, 
Rapid confirmation of microbiological alerts using off-line molecular methods C. W. Keevil and S.A. Wilks, 48, 
Improving quality and saving dollars using real-time online water quality monitoring K. Thompson, G. Jacobson and K. Chamberlain, 59, 
Clean data and reliable event detection – turning results from online sensors into information J. van den Broeke, F. Edthofer and A. Weingartner, 70, 
Is it real or isn't it? Addressing early warning system alarms D. Kroll, 82, 
Selection and prioritization of substances relevant for intentional drinking water contamination M. Lange and N. Pilz, 88, 
The need for a joined up approach to the provision, management, security and delivery of alternative drinking water supplies K. Silcock, 97, 
Communicating with the public about risk M. McGuinness, 104, 
Potable water contamination emergency: - The analytical challenge B. May, 110, 
Some examples of the operation and benefits of the UK water laboratories' mutual aid scheme K. C. Thompson, P. Frewin and T. Brooks, 117, 
Development of a rapid gross alpha & beta method for the water industry T. Brooks, P. Frewin and K. C. Thompson, 125, 
A Scandinavian emergency for drinking water network contamination: the Nokia case study I.T. Miettinen, O. Lepistö, T. Pitkänen, M. Kuusi, L. Maunula, J. Laine and M-L. Hänninen, 133, 
Sensors and webservices for land & water management W. Boënne, X. Tang, N. Desmet, J. Schepens, P. Seuntjens, 136, 
Graph decomposition as operative tool in hydraulic system analysis – security aspects J. W. Deuerlein and A. Wolters, 147, 
Efficacy of free chlorine against water biofilms and spores of Penicillium brevicompactum V.M de Siqueira and N. Lima, 157, 
Near real time monitoring of E. coli in water F. Zibuschka, T. Lendenfeld, G. Lindner, 166, 
Subject Index, 169, 

CHAPTER 1

DRINKING WATER SAFETY: GUIDANCE TO HEALTH AND WATER PROFESSIONALS – AND OTHER HEALTH PROTECTION ISSUES ON WATER SAFETY

V. Murray and G. Lau

Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Health Protection Agency, 2nd Floor, 151 Buckingham Palace Road, London SW1W 9SZ, UK

1 INTRODUCTION

The water industry and all its partners are key to the provision of wholesome drinking water to all within our populations. Part of this process is to work with water industry regulators and public health professionals who are concerned for the health of the people. This international conference provides a valuable opportunity to facilitate this and share knowledge by concentrating on water contamination emergencies and examining three key issues of monitoring, understand and acting.

Chemical incidents are not infrequent and may occur as very rapidly obvious releases, such as chemical spills, fires and explosions, or as less immediately apparent events such as contamination of a food product or land contamination. Incidents can occur accidentally or deliberately.

Some chemical incidents may have an impact beyond their original location, in some cases crossing national borders. For example, in north-west Romania cyanide was released from a gold mine into the local river system, leading to fish deaths in three countries. More recently a chemical sludge spill in Hungary on 4 October 2010 has required acute public health impact assessment following the eight deaths and over 120 injured. The immediate health effects of the spill included drowning and chemical bums due to an elevated pH (>12) of the red sludge. Ongoing assessment is needed of the health effects of possible exposure to dust, water and locally produced food that may contain increased amounts of heavy metals. The sludge entered the river Danube and may spread in attenuated forms to countries downstream; this possibility and related health effects will be evaluated. While serious short-term health effects are considered unlikely, potential medium- and long-term effects through contamination from heavy metals (for example, entering the food chain) requires ongoing assessment.

Chemical incidents that lead to human exposure present an important public health challenge both nationally and globally. As part of this, the Drinking Water Safety: Guidance to Health and Water Professionals provides a tool to assist in managing water contamination emergencies in England and Wales. This guidance has been developed by the Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) and Health Protection Agency (HPA) and was published in 2009.

This chapter will consider what the roles of the DWI and HPA are in managing water contamination emergencies, the joint guidance and look at chemical incident response and the water shortages arising from flooding in practice. In addition, it will look at research in development, such as the UK Recovery Handbook for Chemical Incidents and address where the work of the water industry and international issues can contribute together towards areas where there are global initiatives such as the Millennium Development Goals.

2 DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE

The DWI is the drinking water quality regulator for England and Wales. It was formed in 1990 on the privatisation of the water industry. It is part of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), but its Chief Inspector is appointed by the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (in England) and National Assembly for Wales, and acts independently of government.

The overarching objective of the DWI is to maintain public confidence in the safety and quality of public water supplies through exercise of its powers of reporting, audit, inspection, enforcement and prosecution. In addition, drinking water inspectors are engineers/scientists with considerable water supply and water quality monitoring experience, therefore the DWI also has a role in providing government with advice on water supply and quality matters. The regulatory framework for water supplies in England and Wales is set out in the Water Industry Act 1991 (the 1991 Act). The 1991 Act was amended by the Water Act 2003. The 1991 Act defines the powers and duties under which the DWI operates and also the duties of water companies and licensees. Under the 1991 Act the authorities responsible for regulating the quality of public supplies are the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (in England) and National Assembly for Wales.

3 HEALTH PROTECTION AGENCY

The HPA identifies and responds to health hazards and emergencies caused by infectious disease, hazardous chemicals, poisons or radiation. It gives advice to the public on...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2011
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 184973156X
• ISBN 13: 9781849731560
• Einband: Gebundene Ausgabe
• Auflage: 1
• Anzahl der Seiten: 170
• Herausgeber: Thompson K. Clive, Borchers Ulrich
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: preigu GmbH & Co. KG; mail@preigu.de; ; Lengericher Landstr. 19; Osnabrück; Niedersachsen; 49078; Deutschland