Sector Field Mass Spectrometry for Elemental and Isotopic Analysis (New Developments in Mass Spectrometry, 3, Band 3) - Hardcover

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 1849733929 ISBN 13: 9781849733922

Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014

Inhaltsangabe

This book was triggered by the success story of sector field mass spectrometry in elemental and isotopic analysis since the first presentation of the mass spectrum of Ne a hundred years ago. The outstanding and unique features of sector field mass spectrometry - high sensitivity, high mass resolution and simultaneous multiple ion detection – have paved the way for its widespread and successful application across different scientific disciplines. Written, compiled and edited by world renowned experts, this book is intended to provide deep insight into the topic along with fundamental knowledge about elemental and isotopic analysis. Aimed at scientists in the field of natural and life sciences, instrument manufacturers, practitioners and graduate students, it provides solid information about the methodological background and analytical capabilities of sector field mass spectrometry. A detailed description of peculiarities and an overview of the most relevant applications making use of specific techniques employing sector field mass analysers (ICP-MS, GDMS, TIMS, SIMS and IRMS) are given, including a presentation of the currently available commercial instruments. This approach guarantees that readers are thoroughly introduced to and familiarized with the fascinating inter- and transdisciplinary field of sector field mass spectrometry.

In the last 15 years more than 5000 research articles related to sector field instruments for elemental analysis have been published, demonstrating that this community is well-established and successful. This unique book focuses on the development of sector field mass spectrometers equipped with plasma (ICP or GD) sources, the instrumentation and applications in the field. Including a review of the peculiarities and performance of the instrumentation, the researcher will find this an invaluable current source of reference and discussion of the future trends. The book is written by worldwide renowned experts who have pioneered magnetic sector field spectrometry for inorganic analysis. Inter- and trans-disciplinary in nature, it will appeal to analytical chemists, geologists, environmentalists and instrument manufacturers.

Über diesen Titel

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Thomas Prohaska is professor for analytical chemistry at the BOKU (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln, Austria). He studied chemistry at the Vienna University of Technology and received his PhD with summa cum laude in 1995. He became scientific researcher at the BOKU in the same year to build up a laboratory for elemental trace analysis. From 1998 to 2000 he was researcher at the EC joint research center IRMM in Geel, Belgium.In 2004, he received the START award for the setup of a new research laboratory (VIRIS).

Johanna Irrgeher is currently postdoctoral researcher in the field of analytical chemistry at the VIRIS Laboratory for analytical ecogeochemistry at BOKU. She holds a master degree in biotechnology and obtained her PhD granted by the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 2013 with honours for her work on stable strontium isotope ratio analysis by (LA)-MC ICP-MS. Her current research focuses on analytical method development for elemental and isotopic analysis in the field of analytical ecogeochemistry dealing with both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

Andreas Zitek is currently a postdoctoral researcher at BOKU and a member of the VIRIS Laboratory for Analytical Ecogeochemistry in Tulln. His current research activities aim at the application of elemental and isotopic analyses to basic questions in the field of aquatic ecology (‘aquatic ecogeochemistry’), with a special focus on the chemical analysis of hard parts of freshwater fish.

Norbert Jakubowski is presently head of the division Inorganic Analysis at the BAM - Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany. He received his PhD at the University of Stuttgart Hohenheim with summa cum laude in 1991 and in 2013 he received the "European Award for Plasma Spectrochemistry" for his contribution in elemental mass spectrometry. His research interests are related to Analytical Chemistry in general with special interest in development of instruments, methods and problem-orientated procedures based on the use of plasma sources for elemental mass spectrometry of solid and liquid samples. Recently he started a new research direction towards labelling of biomolecules with metals by use of chelating compounds for detection of biomarkers in clinical research.

Von der hinteren Coverseite

This book was triggered by the success story of sector field mass spectrometry in elemental and isotopic analysis from the early days when the first mass spectrum of Ne was presented a hundred years ago. The outstanding and unique features of sector field mass spectrometry - high sensitivity, high mass resolution and simultaneous multiple ion detection - paved the way for its successful and increasing application in different fields of science.

Written, compiled and edited by worldwide renowned experts with profound expertise in sector field mass spectrometry related to elemental and isotopic analysis, this book is intended to provide deep insight into the topic along with fundamental knowledge about elemental and isotopic analysis. Aimed at scientists in the field of natural and life sciences, instrument manufacturers, practitioners and graduate students, this book provides solid information about the methodological background and analytical capabilities of sector field mass spectrometry.

A detailed description of peculiarities and an overview of the most relevant applications making use of specific techniques using sector field mass analysers (ICP-MS, GDMS, TIMS, SIMS and IRMS) are given, including a presentation of the currently available commercial instruments. This approach guarantees that readers are thoroughly introduced to and familiarized with the fascinating inter- and transdisciplinary field of sector field mass spectrometry.

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Sector Field Mass Spectrometry for Elemental and Isotopic Analysis

By Thomas Prohaska, Johanna Irrgeher, Andreas Zitek, Norbert Jakubowski

The Royal Society of Chemistry

Copyright © 2015 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-84973-392-2

Contents

Acknowledgements, xix, 
Author List, xxiii, 
List of Abbreviations, xliii, 
Chapter 1 Introduction Thomas Prohaska and Andreas Zitek, 1, 
Chapter 2 History Thomas Prohaska, 10, 
Fundamentals, 
Chapter 3 General Overview Thomas Prohaska, 29, 
Chapter 4 Technical Background Lothar Rottmann, Norbert Jakubowski, Stefanie Konegger-Kappel, OndrejHanousek and Thomas Prohaska, 44, 
Chapter 5 Mass Resolution Ondrej Hanousek, Lothar Rottmann and Thomas Prohaska, 97, 
Chapter 6 Instrumental Isotopic Fractionation Johanna Irrgeher and Thomas Prohaska, 107, 
Chapter 7 Interferences Thomas Prohaska, 121, 
Chapter 8 Measurement Strategies Johanna Irrgeher, Jochen Vogl, Jakob Santner and Thomas Prohaska, 126, 
Chapter 9 Chemical Imaging Andreas Zitek, Jérôme Aléon and Thomas Prohaska, 152, 
Chapter 10 Metrology Johanna Irrgeher and Thomas Prohaska, 183, 
Chapter 11 Magnetic Sector Field Instruments Thomas Prohaska, 199, 
Chapter 12 Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Norbert Jakubowski, Monika Horsky, Peter H. Roos, Frank Vanhaecke and Thomas Prohaska, 208, 
Chapter 13 Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry Cornel Venzago and Jorge Pisonero, 319, 
Chapter 14 Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Stefan Bürger, Jochen Vogl, Urs Kloetzli, Laurie Nunes and Mark Lavelle, 381, 
Chapter 15 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Laure Sangely, Bernard Boyer, Emmanuelde Chambost, Nathalie Valle, Jean-Nicolas Audinot, Trevor Ireland, Michael Wiedenbeck, Jérôme Aléon, Harald Jungnickel, Jean-Paul Barnes, Philippe Bienvenu and Uwe Breuer, 439, 
Chapter 16 Gas Source Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS) Willi A. Brand, Charles B. Douthitt, Francois Fourel, Rodrigo Maia, Carla Rodrigues, Cristina Maguas and Thomas Prohaska, 500, 
Chapter 17 Gas Source Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Noble Gases Sergey Assonov and Thomas Prohaska, 550, 
Chapter 18 Outlook Thomas Prohaska, Johanna Irrgeher and Andreas Zitek, 582, 
Epilogue, 590, 
Subject Index, 592, 

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

THOMAS PROHASKA AND ANDREAS ZITEK

University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Department of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry, VIRIS Laboratory for Analytical Ecogeochemistry, Tulln, Austria

1.1 Why Another Book on Mass Spectrometry?

Mass spectrometry has been used since its advent as a tool to investigate challenging scientific questions that could not be tackled with conventional analytical methods before in many different scientific disciplines. As a consequence of the steadily growing interest in mass spectrometry, the increasing number of installed instruments and the massive expansion in augmenting numbers of fields of applications, mass spectrometry has developed steadily into a black box for the common user often having little knowledge about what happens between the sample introduction and the final data provided in electronic form (Figure 1.1). However, a basic understanding of the technical and analytical factors that might significantly influence the measurement and the final result obtained is crucial to avoid misleading and even wrong interpretations. It is especially the increasingly transdisciplinary application of mass spectrometry that creates the basic need for a transfer of the related analytical knowledge between scientific disciplines, e.g. about the general methodological background and uncertainties related to the final result including a clear picture on the potential and limitations of each method. Therefore, a complex, extensive and far-ranging topic such as mass spectrometry requires to be covered by a variety of educating tools such as textbooks organised along specific main subjects and providing different points of view on necessarily redundant topics.

1.1.1 The Success of Magnetic Sector Field Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry has developed from a scientific instrument providing profound knowledge of atoms and isotopes into an affordable and routine analytical tool in many laboratories. Magnetic sector fields as mass separator laid the basis for modern mass spectrometry. From the early days at the beginning of the 20th century until around 1940, mass spectroscopy was mainly applied for the determination of masses and abundances of isotopes. Since then, the applications have spread rapidly from fundamental investigations into elemental and isotopic applications in inorganic mass spectrometry and into the gathering of compositional and structural information of organic molecules in organic mass spectrometry. Historically, the first mass spectrometers at the beginning of the 20th century were based on a sector field device, which were exclusively used for a long period of time. Their importance increased in the second half of the 20th century mainly due to their application for determining organic molecules, where high mass resolution capabilities were required. New designs of mass separators were developed during the second half of 20th century. The major advantages of sector field mass spectrometers have underpinned their importance ever since: the high sensitivity for ultratrace levels of elements, the simultaneous measurement capabilities of multiple isotopes for precise isotope ratio measurements and the high-resolution capabilities to resolve spectral interferences.

1.1.2 Magnetic Sector Field Devices for Elemental and Isotopic Analysis

Throughout the last 110 years, the basic principle of all mass spectrometers has remained the same: A sample is ionised in an ion source, the ions are separated via a mass separator according to their mass/charge (m/z) ratio and finally detected at a detection unit. The devices, which are described in this book, are based on a magnetic sector field as mass separator and applied for quantitative elemental analysis and isotope ratio measurements (of isotopes of one element or of different elements).

Modern mass spectrometers use sector field devices for quantitative low- level elemental analysis due to their high sensitivity and for precise isotope ratio measurements due to their outstanding possibility of separating and letting pass ions of different m/z ratio simultaneously. Another important feature of magnetic sector field devices is the capability to be operated at higher mass resolution (i.e. greater than unity) in order to resolve interfering ions from the ions of interest. Most often, the combination of a magnetic sector and an electric sector can be found in a variety of geometries (see Chapter 4) and results in a so-called double-focusing mass spectrometer. Whereas the magnet is used as mass separator and for directional focusing, the electrostatic sector is used for focusing ions of different energies that the energy spread of the ions does not compromise the achievable mass resolution. The electrostatic sector field is not necessarily required if the ionisation source provides ions with little energy spread.

The major difference of the described instruments within this book is based on different ionisation strategies. The goal of this book is to discuss the main features, principles of operation and the resulting applications of these...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2014
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 1849733929
• ISBN 13: 9781849733922
• Einband: Gebundene Ausgabe
• Auflage: 1
• Anzahl der Seiten: 615
• Herausgeber: Prohaska Thomas, Irrgeher Johanna, Zitek Andreas, Jakubowski Norbert
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Nicht verfügbar
• Verantwortliche Person: Nicht verfügbar