Magnetorheology: Advances and Applications (RSC Smart Materials) - Hardcover

Hardcover

ISBN 10: 1849736677 ISBN 13: 9781849736671

Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013

Inhaltsangabe

Magnetorheological fluids, smart fluids which change viscosity in the presence of a magnetic field, are of great commercial interest for many engineering applications such as shock absorbers and dampers in aerospace.

Magnetorheology: Advances and Applications provides an update on the key developments in the physics, chemistry and uses of magnetorheological fluids. Topics covered include the role of interparticle friction and rotational diffusion, magnetoelasticity, nondimensional flow analysis, thin-film rheology, tribology, coated magnetorheological composite particles and magnetorheological devices with multiple functions. Specific chapters on applications cover adaptive magnetorheological energy absorbing mounts for shock mitigation, magnetorheological fluid-based high precision finishing technologies, adaptive magnetorheological landing gear systems and magnetorheological lag dampers for stability augmentation in helicopters.

Edited by a leading expert and with contributions from distinguished scientists in the field this timely book is suitable for chemists, physicists and engineers wanting to gain a comprehensive overview of these smart materials.

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Über die Autorinnen und Autoren

Dr. Wereley holds a B.Eng. (Honors) in Mechanical Engineering from McGill University, Montreal, Canada, and M.S. and Ph.D. in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1987 and 1990, respectively. He joined the Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Center, University of Maryland in 1993 and currently serves there as the Director of the Smart Structures Laboratory and the Composites Research Laboratory. His research interests are in dynamics and control of smart structures, with emphasis on active and passive vibration isolation and shock mitigation applied primarily to rotorcraft as well as other aerospace and automotive systems. Dr. Wereley has published (or at press) over 140 journal articles, 10 book chapter contributions, and over 230 conference articles. Dr. Wereley is the Editor of the Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (2007 - present) and serves as an associate editor for the Institute of Physics' journal Smart Materials and Structures and AIAA Journal. His awards include ASME Adaptive Structures and Adaptive Materials Best Paper Award (2004), AIAA National Capital Section Engineer of the Year (2009). A. James Clark School of Engineering Faculty Service Award (2010), AIAA Sustained Service Award (2011), Harry T. Jenson Award (May 2011) from the American Helicopter Society for contributions to active crash protection systems for helicopters (team award with Boeing, US Army, Honeywell and University of Maryland). He was also awarded the ASME Adaptive Structures and Materials Systems Prize (2012) for his contributions to the physics and applications of magnetorheological fluids.

Dr. Wereley holds a B.Eng. (Honors) in Mechanical Engineering from McGill University, Montreal, Canada, and M.S. and Ph.D. in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1987 and 1990, respectively. He joined the Alfred Gessow Rotorcraft Center, University of Maryland in 1993 and currently serves there as the Director of the Smart Structures Laboratory and the Composites Research Laboratory. His research interests are in dynamics and control of smart structures, with emphasis on active and passive vibration isolation and shock mitigation applied primarily to rotorcraft as well as other aerospace and automotive systems. Dr. Wereley has published (or at press) over 140 journal articles, 10 book chapter contributions, and over 230 conference articles. Dr. Wereley is the Editor of the Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (2007 - present) and serves as an associate editor for the Institute of Physics' journal Smart Materials and Structures and AIAA Journal. His awards include ASME Adaptive Structures and Adaptive Materials Best Paper Award (2004), AIAA National Capital Section Engineer of the Year (2009). A. James Clark School of Engineering Faculty Service Award (2010), AIAA Sustained Service Award (2011), Harry T. Jenson Award (May 2011) from the American Helicopter Society for contributions to active crash protection systems for helicopters (team award with Boeing, US Army, Honeywell and University of Maryland). He was also awarded the ASME Adaptive Structures and Materials Systems Prize (2012) for his contributions to the physics and applications of magnetorheological fluids.

Von der hinteren Coverseite

Magnetorheological fluids, smart fluids which change viscosity in the presence of a magnetic field, are of great commercial interest for many engineering applications such as shock absorbers and dampers in aerospace.

Magnetorheology: Advances and Applications provides an update on the key developments in the physics, chemistry and uses of magnetorheological fluids. Topics covered include the role of interparticle friction and rotational diffusion, magnetoelasticity, nondimensional flow analysis, thin-film rheology, tribology, coated magnetorheological composite particles and magnetorheological devices with multiple functions. Specific chapters on applications cover adaptive magnetorheological energy absorbing mounts for shock mitigation, magnetorheological fluid-based high precision finishing technologies, adaptive magnetorheological landing gear systems and magnetorheological lag dampers for stability augmentation in helicopters.

Edited by a leading expert and with contributions from distinguished scientists in the field this timely book is suitable for chemists, physicists and engineers wanting to gain a comprehensive overview of these smart materials.

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Magnetorheology

Advances and Applications

By Norman Wereley

The Royal Society of Chemistry

Copyright © 2014 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-84973-667-1

Contents

Chapter 1 Importance of Interparticle Friction and Rotational Diffusion to Explain Recent Experimental Results in the Rheology of Magnetic Suspensions G. Bossis, P. Kuzhir, M. T. López-López, A. Meunier and C. Magnet, 1, 
Chapter 2 Magnetorheology of Fe Nanofibers Dispersed in a Carrier Fluid R. C. Bell, D. T. Zimmerman and N. M. Wereley, 31, 
Chapter 3 Magnetoelasticity M. Zrinyi, 56, 
Chapter 4 MR Fluids at the Extremes: High-Energy and Low-Temperature Performance of LORD® MR Fluids and Devices Daniel E. Barber, 74, 
Chapter 5 Surface Effect on Flow of Magnetorheological Fluids: Featuring Modified Mason Number Barkan Kavlicoglu, Faramarz Gordaninejad and Xiaojie Wang, 96, 
Chapter 6 Thin-film Rheology and Tribology of Magnetorheological Fluids Juan de Vicente and Antonio J. F. Bombard, 142, 
Chapter 7 Coated Magnetorheological Composite Particles: Fabrication and Rheology Ying Dan Liu and Hyoung Jin Choi, 156, 
Chapter 8 Micro structures and Physics of Super-Strong Magnetorheological Fluids R. Tao, 179, 
Chapter 9 Magnetorheological Fluids Flowing Through Porous Media: Analysis, Experimental Evaluation, and Applications Norman M. Wereley, Wei Hu and Ryan Robinson, 206, 
Chapter 10 MR Devices with Advanced Magnetic Circuits Holger Böse, Johannes Ehrlich and Thomas Gerlach, 229, 
Chapter 11 Magnetorheological Fluid-Based High Precision Finishing Technology W. I. Kordonski, 261, 
Chapter 12 Adaptive Magnetorheological Energy Absorbing Mounts for Shock Mitigation Norman M. Wereley, Harinder J. Singh and Young-Tai Choi, 278, 
Chapter 13 Semi-Active Isolation System Using Self-Powered Magnetorheological Dampers Young-Tai Choi, Hyun Jeong Song, Wei Hu and Norman M. Wereley, 288, 
Chapter 14 Controllable Magnetorheological Damping in Advanced Helicopter Rotors Grum T. Ngatu, Wei Hu, Norman M. Wereley, Curt S. Kothera and Gang Wang, 307, 
Chapter 15 Magnetorheological Devices with Multiple Functions Wei-Hsin Liao, Chao Chen and Hongtao Guo, 342, 
Chapter 16 A Novel Medical Haptic Device Using Magnetorheological Fluid Seung-Bok Choi, Phuong-Bac Nguyen and Jong-Seok Oh, 363, 
Subject Index, 382, 

CHAPTER 1

Importance of Interparticle Friction and Rotational Diffusion to Explain Recent Experimental Results in the Rheology of Magnetic Suspensions

G. BOSSIS, P. KUZHIR, M. T. LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ, A. MEUNIER AND C. MAGNET

1.1 Introduction

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are suspensions of magnetized micron-sized particles in a dispersing liquid. When an external magnetic field is applied, the particles acquire magnetic moments, attract to each other due to dipolar forces and form anisotropic aggregates aligned preferably with the magnetic field direction. Thus, upon a field application MR fluids undergo a reversible jamming responsible for a several order of magnitude increase in effective viscosity and appearance of a yield stress – threshold mechanical stress required for onset of flow. This phenomenon, referred to as magnetorheological effect, is being effectively used in numerous smart engineering applications. Enhancement of the MR effect and/or reduction of the size of the MR devices are important problems for these applications. One of the possible solutions of such problems consists of using rod-like magnetic particles, which produce a higher MR response as compared to spherical particles. Another solution consists of changing the orientation of an external magnetic field relative to the direction of the MR fluid flow. In this chapter we aim to describe physical mechanisms of the MR effect in the suspensions of rod-like magnetic particles (called hereinafter magnetic fiber suspensions) as well as in conventional MR suspensions (composed of spherical particles) subjected to a magnetic field longitudinal to the flow direction.

New MR fluids based on magnetic micro- and nano-fibers have been developed during last few years using different techniques, such as iron electro-deposition in alumina membranes, chemical precipitation of an iron salt followed by aging in the presence of a magnetic field, reduction of cobalt and nickel ions in polyols. The magnetic fiber suspensions have shown better sedimentation stability and developed a yield stress much larger than the one of the suspensions of spherical particles at the same magnetic field intensities and the same particle volume fraction. Such enhanced magnetorheological effect in fiber suspensions can be explained in terms of the interfiber solid friction and by enhanced magnetic permeability of these suspensions as compared to the permeability of conventional MR fluids. Both these effects are reviewed in detail in the present publication. Note that the similar particle shape effect has been observed in electrorheological (ER) fluids and was attributed to both the physical overlapping of the elongated particles (unavoidably leading to the interparticle friction) and to their strong dielectric properties.

Concerning the effect of the magnetic field orientation on the MR response of conventional MR fluids, it should be mentioned that most of the studies were focused on their flows in the presence of the magnetic field perpendicular to the flow – presumably, the case of the largest practical interest. In such geometry, the particle structures are formed perpendicularly to the flow direction, they oppose a large hydraulic resistance to the flow and generate a relatively high dynamic yield stress. In magnetic fields parallel to channel walls, the particle aggregates are expected to be oriented along the stream-lines and be (in theory) infinitely long because they are not subjected to tensile hydrodynamic forces. In such conditions, the suspension should undergo a Newtonian behavior and a certain decrease of its viscosity could be expected. This expectation is only confirmed for the suspensions composed of weakly paramagnetic particles, such as human red blood cells, which do not belong to the class of MR fluids. However, for conventional MR fluids, composed of strongly magnetizable particles, the stress level in parallel fields is relatively high and the MR fluid develops a strong Bingham behavior, which does not corroborate with the assumption of alignment of aggregates in flow direction. Such a strong "longitudinal" MR effect has recently been explained by stochastic rotary oscillations of the aggregates caused by many-body magnetic interactions with neighboring aggregates. The inter-aggregate interactions are accounted for by an effective rotational diffusion process with a diffusion constant proportional to the mean square interaction torque – a net magnetic torque exerted to a given aggregate by all the neighboring aggregates. Such a mechanism is reviewed in details in the present chapter.

The present chapter is organized as follows. In Section 1.2, we consider the microstructure (Section 1.2.1) and the rheology of magnetic fiber suspensions. Both effects of interparticle solid friction (Section 1.2.2) and the hydrodynamic interactions in the fiber suspension (Section 1.2.3) are thoroughly reviewed. The non-linear viscoelastic response of these suspensions developed in a large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) flow is described in Section 1.2.4. Section 1.3 is devoted to the flow of a conventional MR fluid (composed of...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2013
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 1849736677
• ISBN 13: 9781849736671
• Einband: Gebundene Ausgabe
• Anzahl der Seiten: 396
• Herausgeber: Wereley Norman
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Nicht verfügbar
• Verantwortliche Person: preigu; mail@preigu.de; ; Lengericher Landstr. 19; Osnabrück; 49078; Deutschland