Delivering Energy for Development: Models for Achieving Energy Access for the World's Poor - Softcover

Bellanca, Raffaella; Bloomfield, Ewan; Rai, Kavita

Softcover

ISBN 10: 1853397628 ISBN 13: 9781853397622

Verlag: Practical Action Publishing, 2013

Inhaltsangabe

Access to modern energy services remains low or non-existent for approximately 2.8 billion of the world’s population. Energy practitioners are facing the challenge of delivering access to modern energy services where poverty and lack of infrastructure makes it most difficult. Rising awareness about climatic change and the notion of energy security for future generations are also being channelled into the debate. This book provides an overview of existing energy delivery systems, as well as a guide on the key issues integral to the success or failure of energy programmes in middle- and low-income countries. It consider how markets develop, which services are pivotal in supporting the process, and what overarching factors enable change to take place, providing practical guidance on how to replicate and scale up the successful delivery of energy to the very poor.

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Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Raffaella Bellanca is a consultant in the UK

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Delivering Energy for Development

Models for achieving energy access for the world's poor

By Raffaella Bellanca, Ewan Bloomfield, Kavita Rai

Practical Action Publishing

Copyright © 2013 Practical Action Publishing
All rights reserved.

ISBN: 978-1-85339-762-2

Contents

Figures, tables and boxes, 
About the authors, 
Acknowledgements, 
Acronyms and abbreviations, 
1 Introduction: The energy access and delivery challenge, 
Modern energy services for poverty reduction, 
Defining access to modern energy services, 
Delivering energy for development, 
Adding value through productive uses, 
Energy access and climate change, 
Challenges for delivering energy access, 
Aim of this book, 
2 Designing the delivery of energy, 
Defining energy delivery models, 
Developing an energy market map, 
The success of energy delivery models, 
Previous categorization of energy delivery systems, 
Actors delivering energy, 
Key segments of the energy delivery model, 
Categorizing energy delivery systems by distribution method, 
3 On-grid energy delivery, 
Market chain, 
Supporting services, 
Enabling environment, 
Social context, 
4 Mini-grid energy delivery, 
Energy market chain, 
Supporting services, 
Enabling environment, 
5 Off-grid energy delivery, 
Energy market chain, 
Supporting services, 
Enabling environment, 
6 Conclusions, 
Success of energy delivery models, 
Key messages, 
References, 

CHAPTER 1

Introduction: The energy access and delivery challenge

Annabel Yadoo, Raffaella Bellanca, Ewan Bloomfield and Kavita Rai Access to clean energy is projected to remain an issue for poor people, particularly those living in rural areas, for years to come. In recognition of the importance of energy access for human development, the UN-led SE4All initiative has set a target to achieve universal energy access by 2030. This book aims to give energy practitioners guidance on how energy delivery models need to change in order to fully overcome energy poverty, including important lessons from well-known case studies. It also provides in-depth analysis of the barriers to sustainable, affordable and effective energy access and delivery, particularly for the poor, with recommendations for practitioners on overcoming these barriers.

Keywords: development, energy delivery model, energy poverty, modern energy services

Billions of people in the world remain trapped in energy poverty, through being unable to obtain the quantities of energy they require, in clean and usable forms. Energy practitioners continue to be faced with the challenge of designing systems to deliver access to a range of modern energy services, particularly where poverty and lack of infrastructure makes it most difficult. More recently, issues relating to climate change, and the notion of sustainable and secure supplies of energy for a still growing world population, are also adding complexity to the challenge. Worldwide, energy poverty remains staggeringly high; in 2011 over 1.3 billion people – 19 per cent of the world's population – lacked access to electricity, and 2.7 billion people – 39 per cent – still relied on traditional three-stone fires for cooking (OECD/IEA, 2011). The vast majority of these people (over 95 per cent) live in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia; worldwide 84 per cent of people who lack access to electricity in their homes live in rural areas (IEA, 2011). Based on current policies and future demographics, the International Energy Agency projects that over 1 billion people will still lack access to electricity in 2030, of which 85 per cent will live in rural areas, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, India and other parts of developing Asia. Similarly, the number of people relying on the traditional use of biomass for cooking is expected to remain at 2.7 billion in 2030, of which 82 per cent will live in rural areas (IEA, 2011).

There is a growing body of evidence which demonstrates that energy is a vital catalyst for human development, notably through improving health, education, food security, gender equality and the ability to earn a living. The high incidence of energy poverty thus provides a growing impetus for energy practitioners to increase their efforts on achieving the longed-for goal of clean energy access for all (DFID, 2002; GNESD, 2007). Since 2010, IEA has dedicated a chapter of its annual World Energy Outlook to the topic of energy poverty and how to achieve universal access to energy. In recognition of the importance of energy access for economic and human development, in September 2010 the United Nations (UN) launched an ambitious goal to achieve universal energy access by 2030, which has now evolved into the Sustainable Energy for All initiative (SE4All, n.d.). The year 2012 was also declared the UN International Year of Sustainable Energy for All, to try to help kick-start the initiative and push energy poverty up the global agenda.

This book has been written primarily for energy practitioners, and aims to provide a more integrated analysis of how energy has been delivered, and how this delivery needs to change in the future to fully overcome energy poverty. It gives an overview of what is meant by energy delivery, including a new definition of the term 'energy delivery model', as well as presenting important lessons from a number of well-known case studies of existing energy delivery models. It also provides guidance for practitioners on the key aspects of delivery model design. These aspects are integral to the success or failure of energy programmes, projects, and enterprises seeking to help people bring themselves out of poverty through access to energy in middle- and low-income countries. Finally, it provides in-depth analysis of some of the key barriers to sustainable, affordable and effective energy access and delivery, particularly for the poor, with recommendations for practitioners on overcoming these barriers.

Modern energy services for poverty reduction

Energy services are intrinsic to our basic survival. The ability to harness energy to meet human needs is not new; for hundreds of thousands of years, people have been burning wood to generate heat, light and warmth, and using the power of animals for transportation and harvesting food. Human societies have progressively learned to power their activities with increasing amounts of energy. This energy is then used directly for work (e.g. activities such as transportation of water or materials) or is converted from its natural source – wind, water, the sun, hydrocarbons and minerals – into mechanical power, transport, electricity, heating and so forth, as outlined in Box 1.1.

More technological ways of capturing energy to optimize work have been developed with time, from wind mills and sailing boats, to the industrial revolution, fuelled by the discovery of coal and petroleum. The convenience, and greatly increased productivity, of mechanized agricultural practices, and other modern energy services, have changed the way many societies are able to live, and have gradually been expanded to new populations and geographies around the world. Today, most people desire a reliable supply of electricity to mechanically process their agricultural products, to listen to the radio, to recharge their mobile phones, to watch TV, and to power a whole range of other electrical appliances. They also require...

Details zur Ausgabe

• Verlag: Practical Action Publishing
• Erscheinungsdatum: 2013
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN 10: 1853397628
• ISBN 13: 9781853397622
• Einband: Taschenbuch
• Anzahl der Seiten: 178
• Kontakt zum Hersteller: Nicht verfügbar
• Verantwortliche Person: Buchpark GmbH; gpsr@buchpark.de; ; Krügerweg 1; Trebbin; Brandenburg; 14959; Deutschland