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9787302442189: Beautiful Structures

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《BeautifulStructures》历史部分从原子结构、晶体结构、生物大分子结构等10个方面,比较全面地展示了化学家在认识物质微观结构过程中的重要历史事件。欣赏部分用细腻的图像风格展示了58种化学结构,另外还包括了化学结构CG动画的截图。*后的注释部分对58种化学结构进行了简要的介绍。带你领略你从未见过的细节之美。HistoryChemicalSymbols–PartofChemicalLanguageChemicalnomenclatureandsymbolsaretwoofthemostimportantpartsofthelanguageofchemistry.Earlynomenclaturewascompletelyempirical.Asaresult,theconfusionarosebetweensubstancenamesandtheirchemicalproperties.Forexample,“oilofvitriol”wasthenameofsulfuricacid,whichisnotanoilatall.Bythemid-18thcentury,alargenumberofnewsubstanceswerediscoveredthankstotherapiddevelopmentofchemistry.Theoldno-menclaturecouldnolongermeettheneedsofchemist.Finally,attheendof18thcentury,AntoineLavoisierstartedchemicalrevolution,replacingtheoldempiricalnomenclaturewithanewonebasedonchemicalcompositionandproperties.TheearliestuseofchemicalsymbolscouldbetracedbacktoancientEgyptglyphsandGreekmanuscripts.ExpertsthinkthatasmallnumberofchemicalsymbolscouldbeevolvedfromEgyptglyphs;afewotherscamefromGreekmanuscripts.Themajoritysymbolsusedbyal-chemistsfromthe17thto18thcenturywerecreatedbythealchemiststhemselves.Someofthealchemysymbolswerepictorialrepresentationsofthechemicalapparatuses,whileotherswerejustrandomgraphicalconstructions.Themainpurposeofusingsymbolswastoreducetextsandimprovethereadingspeedofalchemybooks.However,manyalchemistsbelievedthatthesec

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