Chlorination Effects on Organic Constituents in Effluents from Domestic Sanitary Sewage Treatment Plants

Robert Louis Jolley

Verlag: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1973

Beschreibung

342 pp., diagrams, bibliography. Some minor notes & owner's name on the front cover. Thesis submitted to University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The effects of chlorination on effluents from the primary and secondary stages of domestic sanitary sewage treatment plants were determined by a method which coup1ed chlorination by /sup 36/C1 radioactive tracer with separation by high-resolution anion exchange chromatography using sensitive radioactive tracer monitoring. Effluents were chlorinated with /sup 36/C1-tagged chlorine under experimental conditions approximating those used at sewage treatment plants which were: chlorine dosage, 2.4 to 6.0 mg/liter; combined chlorine residual (as determined by the orthotolidine method), 1 to 2 mg/liter; temperature, 25 deg C; reaction time, 15 to 240 min. The chlorination yield, the portion of the chlorine dose associated with chlorine-containing stable organic compounds at the end of the chlorination reaction period, was approximately 1.0% for secondary effluents which had been chlorinated with 3.2 mg/liter chlorine to a chloride residual of 1 mg/liter for chlorination contact times of 15 to 45 min. The chlorlnation yield was approximately constant with respect to chlorine dosage (in the range studied) but increased with increasing reaction time. Chlorination yields were approximately the same for both primary and secondary effluents. Essentially the same effects were obtained by chlorination with either chlorine gas or hypochlorite solution. Based on the chlorination yields obtained in this research, it is roughly estimated that approximately 1,000 tons of chlorine in the form of sizable chlorine-containing organic compounds are discharged annually from sewage treatment plants to the nation's waterways. In addition to the 17 chlorine-containing compounds that were separated from chlorinated secondary effluents, identified and quantified at the 0.5 to 4.3 mu g/l level, 32 stable organic constituents were identified and 23 of these were quantified at 2- to 190- mu g/liter levels in the effluents from domestic sanitary primary sewage treatment plants. Nine stable organic constituents were identified, and eight of these were quantified at 5- to 90- mu g/liter levels in the effluents from domestic sanitary secondary sewage treatment plants. Bestandsnummer des Verkäufers AMES072220-1

Bibliografische Details

Titel: Chlorination Effects on Organic Constituents...

Verlag: Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Erscheinungsdatum: 1973

Einband: Soft cover

Zustand: Very Good