The First Amerasians (Paperback)

Yuri W. Doolan

ISBN 10: 0197534392 / ISBN 13: 9780197534397

Verlag: Oxford University Press Inc, New York, 2024

Beschreibung

Paperback. In the years surrounding the Korean War, thousands of mixed race children were born to American servicemen and local women in US-occupied South Korea. Assumed to be the children of camptown womenDLor military prostitutesDLtheir presence posed a serious problem for the image of US democracy at a time when the nation was vying for Cold War allegiances abroad. As these children became increasingly visible around US bases, communists pointed to those left behind bytheir GI fathers as evidence of US imperialism, irresponsibility, and immorality in the Third World.Aware of this criticism, US citizens involved in South Korea's postwar recoverylaunched a campaign to bring as many of these children as possible to the United States. By the early 1960s, these philanthropists, missionaries, and voluntary agencies had succeeded in constructing the figure of the abandoned and mistreated Amerasian orphan to lobby for the swift passage of international adoption legislation. They also won the sympathies of many American families eager to welcome these racially different children into the intimate confines of their homes.But while the adoptions of mixed race Koreans promoted an image of humanitarian rescue and Cold War racial liberalism in 1950s and 1960s America, there was another problem: many of these childrenwere not actually orphans but had been living with their mothers in the camptown communities surrounding US bases. Their placement in American families relied on dehumanizing portrayals of Korean women as prostitutes incapable of loving their own children, depictions of South Korea as a racist society bent on Confucian tradition and pure bloodlines, and narratives of the United States as a welcoming home in an era of intense racial segregation.The FirstAmerasians tells the powerful, oftentimes heartbreaking story of how Americans created and used the concept of the Amerasian to remove thousands of mixed race children from their Korean mothers to adoptive US homesduring the 1950s and 1960s. In recovering this history, Yuri W. Doolan reveals how the Amerasian is not simply a mixed race person fathered by a US serviceman in Asia, nor a racial term used to describe individuals with one American and one Asian parent like its popular definition suggests. Rather, the Amerasian is a Cold War construct whose rescue has been utilized to repudiate accusations of US imperialism and achieve sentimental victories in the aftermath of wars not quite won by themilitaryDLbeginning with Korea.From such constructions, Americans helped create the world's largest international adoption program, which expanded beyond mixed race Koreans to includechildren of full Korean parentage, placing nearly 200,000 children in the United States and other Western countries. After US defeat in Vietnam, the plight of mixed race Koreans was invoked once more in support of Amerasian immigration legislation, resulting in the migration of tens of thousands of mixed race Vietnamese and their relatives to the United States.Beyond Cold War historiography, this book also shows how in constructing Amerasians and orchestrating theirrescue, Americans caused tangible harm to real people. Mixed race children were placed in adoptive homes at a time when few safeguards protected them from abuse, neglect, or racial hostility in the UnitedStates, and many Korean mothers were coercedDLemotionally, physically, and financiallyDLinto relinquishing their children to US authorities. Shipping may be from our Sydney, NSW warehouse or from our UK or US warehouse, depending on stock availability.

Bestandsnummer des Verkäufers 9780197534397

Bibliografische Details

• Titel: The First Amerasians (Paperback)
• Verlag: Oxford University Press Inc, New York
• Erscheinungsjahr: 2024
• Sprache: Englisch
• ISBN-10: 0197534392
• ISBN-13: 9780197534397
• Einband: Paperback
• Zustand: new

Über diesen Titel

Inhaltsangabe

During the 1950s, thousands of mixed race children were born to US servicemen and local Korean women in US-occupied South Korea. Assumed to be the progeny of camptown women--or military prostitutes--their presence created a major problem for the image of US democracy in the world at a time when the nation was vying for Cold War allegiances abroad. As mixed race children became a discernible population around US military encampments in South Korea, communists seized upon the image of those left behind by their GI fathers as evidence of US imperialism, irresponsibility, and immorality in the Third World. Aware of this and keen to redeem the image of America's intervention in Asia, US citizens spearheading the postwar recovery of recently war-torn South Korea embarked upon a campaign in US Congress to bring as many of these children home. By the early 1960s, American philanthropists, missionaries, and voluntary agencies had succeeded in constructing the figure of the abandoned and mistreated Amerasian orphan to lobby US Congress for the quick passage of intercountry adoption laws. They also gained the sympathies of American families, eager to welcome these racially different children into the intimate confines of their homes. Although the adoptions of Korean "Amerasian" children helped to promote an image of humanitarian rescue and Cold War racial liberalism in 1950s and 1960s America, there was one other problem: many of these children were not actually orphans, but had been living with their Korean mothers in the camptown communities surrounding US military bases prior to adoption. Their placements into American families relied upon dehumanizing constructions of these women as hardened prostitutes who did not even love their own children, South Korea as a backwards, racist society bent-up on Confucian tradition and pure bloodlines, and the United States as a welcoming home in an era of intense racial segregation.

The First Amerasians tells the powerful, oftentimes heartbreaking story of how Americans created and used the concept of the Amerasian to remove thousands of mixed race children from their Korean mothers to adoptive US homes during the 1950s and 1960s. In doing so, Yuri W. Doolan reveals how the Amerasian is not simply a mixed race person fathered by a US serviceman in Asia nor a racial term used to describe individuals with one American and one Asian parent like its popular definition suggests. Rather, the Amerasian is a Cold War construct whose rescue has been utilized to repudiate accusations of US imperialism and achieve sentimental victories in the aftermath of wars not quite won by the military. From such constructions, Americans lobbied Congress twice: first, in the 1950s to establish international adoption laws that would lead to the placement of hundreds of thousands of Korean children in the United States, then, later in the 1980s, when the plight of mixed race Koreans would be invoked again to argue for Amerasian immigration laws culminating in the migrations of tens of thousands of mixed race Vietnamese and their relatives.

Beyond Cold War historiography, this book also shows how in using the figure of the mistreated and abandoned Amerasian in need of rescue, Americans caused harm to actual people--mixed race Koreans and their mothers specifically--as children were placed into adoptive homes during an era where few regulations or safeguards existed to protect them from abuse, negligence, or racial hostilities in the US and many Korean mothers were coerced, both physically and monetarily, to relinquish their children to American authorities.

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Yuri Doolan is Assistant Professor of History and Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies and the inaugural chair of Asian American and Pacific Islander Studies at Brandeis University.