Food Colloids
Interactions, Microstructure and Processing
By Eric DickinsonThe Royal Society of Chemistry
Copyright © 2005 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-85404-638-6Contents
Gels and Gelation,
INVITED LECTURE,
Rheology, Structure and Texture Perception in Food Protein Gels E. A. Foegeding, 3,
Mechanism of Acid Coagulation of Milk Studied by a Multi-Technique Approach D. G. Dalgleish, M. Alexander, and M. Corredig, 16,
Rheology of Acid Skim Milk Gels C. M. M. Lakemond and T. van Vliet, 26,
Linear and Non-linear Rheological Properties of β-Lactoglobulin Gels in Relation to their Microstructure M. Pouzot, L. Benyahia, D. Durand, and T. Nicolai, 37,
Gelation of Bovine Serum Albumin in the Presence of Low-methoxyl Pectin: Effects of Na+ and Ca2+ on Rheology and Microstructure L. Donato, C. Garnier, B. Novales, and J.-L. Doublier, 48,
Colloidal Interactions,
INVITED LECTURE,
Stabilization of Food Colloids by Polymers C. G. de Kruif and R. Tuinier, 61,
Self-Consistent-Field Studies of Mediated Steric Interactions in Mixed Protein + Polysaccharide Solutions R. Ettelaie, E. Dickinson, and B. S. Murray, 74,
Probing Emulsion Droplet Interactions at the Single Droplet Level A. P. Gunning, A. R. Mackie, P. J. Wilde, R. A. Penfold, and V. J. Morris, 85,
Adsorbed Layers,
INVITED LECTURE,
Formation and Properties of Adsorbedd Protein Films: Importance of Conformational Stability M. A. Cohen Stuart, W. Norde, M. Kleijn, and G. A. van Aken, 99,
Thermodynamic and Adsorption Kinetic Studies of Protein + Surfactant Mixtures R. Miller, D. O. Grigoriev, E. V. Aksenenko, S. A. Zholob, M. E. Leser, M. Michel, and V. B. Fainerman, 120,
Computer Simulation of Interfacial Structure and Large-Deformation Rheology during Competitive Adsorption of Proteins and Surfactants L. A. Pugnaloni, R. Ettelaie, and E. Dickinson, 131,
Molecular Interactions in Mixed Protein + Ionic Surfactant Interfaces P. A. Gunning, A. R. Mackie, A. P. Gunning, P. J. Wilde, and V. J. Morris, 143,
Conformational Changes of Ovalbumin Adsorbed at the Air-Water Interface and Properties of the Interfacial Film S. Pezennec, E. Terriac, B. Desbat, T. Croguennec, S. Beaufils, and A. Renault, 152,
Displacement of β-Casein from the Air-Water Interface by Phospholipids A. Lucero Caro, M. R. Rodríguez Niño, C. Carrera Sánchez, A. P. Gunning, A. R. Mackie, and J. M. Rodríguez Patino, 160,
Protein Functionality and Aggregation,
INVITED LECTURE,
Milk Protein Functionality in Food Colloids H. Singh, 179,
Aggregation and Gelation of Casein Sub-Micelles M. Panouillé, T. Nicolai, L. Benyahia, and D. Durand, 194,
Caseinate Interactions in Solution and in Emulsions: Effects of Temperature, pH and Calcium Ions M. G. Semenova, L. E. Belyakova, E. Dickinson, C. Eliot, and Y. N. Polikarpov, 209,
Nanorheological Properties of Casein K. M. Helstad, A. D. Bream, J. Trckova, M. Paulsson, and P. Dejmek, 218,
Whey Protein Aggregation Studies by Ultrasonic Spectroscopy M. Corredig and D. G. Dalgleish, 230,
Critical Concentration for Fibrillar Aggregation of Bovine β-Lactoglobulin L. N. Arnaudov and R. de Vries, 237,
Properties of Fibrillar Food Protein Assemblies and their Percolating Networks C. Veerman, L. M. C. Sagis, and E. van der Linden, 247,
Foams and Emulsions,
Disproportionation Kinetics of Air Bubbles Stabilized by Food Proteins and Nanoparticles B. S. Murray, E. Dickinson, Z. Du, R. Ettelaie, T. Kostakis, and J. Vallet, 259,
Coarsening and Rheology of Casein and Surfactant Foams A. Saint-Jalmes, S. Marze, and D. Langevin, 273,
Interfacial and Foam Stabilization Properties of β-Lactoglobulin–Acacia Gum Electrostatic Complexes C. Schmitt, E. Kolodziejczyk, and M. E. Leser, 284,
Interactions between β-Lactoglobulin and Polysaccharides at the Air–Water Interface and the Influence on Foam and A. M. R. Pilosof, 301,
Proposing a Relationship between the Spreading Coefficient and the Whipping Time of Cream N. E. Hotrum, M. A. Cohen Stuart, T. van Vliet, and G. A. van Aken, 317,
Utilization of a Layer-by-Layer Electrostatic Deposition Technique to Improve Food Emulsion Properties D. J. McClements, T. Aoki, E. A. Decker, Y.-S. Gu, D. Guzey, H.-J. Kim, U. Klinkesorn, L. Moreau, S. Ogawa, and P. Tanasukam, 326,
Sensory Perception,
INVITED LECTURE,
Perceiving the Texture of a Food: Biomechanical and Cognitive Mechanisms and their Measurement D. A. Booth, 339,
Colloidal Behaviour of Food Emulsions under Oral Conditions G. A. van Aken, M. H. Vingerhoeds, and E. H. A. de Hoog, 356,
Sensory Perception of Salad Dressings with Varying Fat Content, Oil Droplet Size, and Degree of Aggregation E. Tornberg, N. Carlier, E. P. Willers, and P. Muhrbeck, 367,
Acoustic Emission from Crispy/Crunchy Foods to Link Mechanical Properties and Sensory Perception H. Luyten, W. Lichtendonk, E. M. Castro, J. Visser, and T. van Vliet, 380,
Structure Control and Processing,
INVITED LECTURE,
Solubilization and Bioavailability of Nutraceuticals by New Self-Assembled Nanosized Liquid Structures in Food Systems N. Garti, I. Amar-Yuli, A. Spernath, and R. E. Hoffman, 395,
Particle Dynamics in a Transient Gel Network — Ageing of a Monodisperse Emulsion A. D. Watson, G. C. Barker, D. J. Hibberd, B. P. Hills, A. R. Mackie, G. K. Moates, R. A. Penfold, and M. M. Robins, 420,
Gels, Particle Mobility, and Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy — A Cautionary Tale D. S. Horne, E. Dickinson, C. Eliot, and Y. Hemar, 432,
Small-Angle Static Light-Scattering Study of Associative Phase Separation Kinetics in β-Lactoglobulin + Xanthan Gum Mixtures under Shear S. I. Laneuville, C. Sanchez, S. L. Turgeon, J. Hardy, and P. Paquin, 443,
Break-up and Coalescence of Bubbles in Agitated Protein Solutions at High Air Volume Fraction B. J. Hu, A. W. Pacek, and A. W. Nienow, 466,
Subject Index, 482,
CHAPTER 1
Rheology, Structure and Texture Perception in Food Protein Gels
By E. Allen Foegeding
DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY, RALEIGH, NC 27695, USA
1 Introduction
One could propose that mankind's original encounter with a protein gel occurred when the first human accidentally dropped an egg into a fire or hot water and discovered the hard cooked egg. If we accept this humble origin of a culinary art, then the presence of current research dealing with the gelation of ovalbumin demonstrates that making protein gels is a simple process while understanding the molecular mechanisms continues to present scientific challenges.
The seminal review by Ferry defines some general properties of protein gels as "... systems in which small proportions of solid are dispersed in relatively large proportions of liquid by the property of mechanical rigidity ... the characteristic property common to all gels." The rheological characteristics of gels were further refined to include viscoelastic properties and to distinguish between 'solid' and 'solid-like' gels. The key elements of a solid-like gel are a storage modulus, G'(ω), which has a plateau extending to times at least of the order of seconds, and a loss modulus, G"(ω), that is much smaller than the storage modulus in the plateau region. For gels formed by denatured proteins, Ferry went on to propose: (1) they are the result of...