Beschreibung
Neuware -Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 44. Chapters: Mines in Wales, Mining in Wales, Volcanism of Wales, Snowdonia, Slate industry in Wales, List of geological faults of Wales, List of geological folds in Great Britain, Tonypandy Riots, Geology of Monmouthshire, Tyrone O'Sullivan, Shropshire Hills AONB, Welsh gold, Skomer, Geological structure of Great Britain, Avalonia, The Citadel, Geology of South Wales, Gravity anomalies of Britain and Ireland, Metal mining in Wales, Cwmystwyth Mines, List of shear zones of Great Britain, Merthyr Rising, Scotch Cattle, Uriconian, Breidden Hill, Minera Lead Mines, Cefn Bryn, South Wales Miners' Federation, Pitt's Head, Longmyndian Supergroup, Disturbance, Denbighshire Coalfield, Cribarth Disturbance, Neath Disturbance, Vale of Clwyd, Flintshire Coalfield, Farewell Rock, Marros Group, Carreg Cennen Disturbance, Rhondda Heritage Park, Ceibwr Bay Fault, Pot Hole Quarry, Claerwen Fault, Pembrokeshire Coalfield, Aber Dinlle Fault, Benton Fault, Berw Fault, South Wales Coalfield Collection, Pennant Measures, Bryntail lead mine, Cefn-cerig Road, Trefawr Track, Usk Inlier, Bala Fault, Coblynau, Cwm Llwyd Fault, North Wales Coalfield, Cwm Pennant Fault, Beddgelert Fault, Carmel Head Thrust, Welsh Borderland Fault System, Anglesey Coalfield, Bristol Channel Fault Zone, Bryneglwys Fault, Bronnant Fault. Excerpt: The slate industry in Wales began during the Roman period when slate was used to roof the fort at Segontium, now Caernarvon. The slate industry grew slowly until the early 18th century, then expanded rapidly until the late 19th century, at which time the most important slate producing areas were in northwest Wales, including the Penrhyn Quarry near Bethesda, the Dinorwic Quarry near Llanberis, the Nantlle Valley quarries, and Blaenau Ffestiniog, where the slate was mined rather than quarried. Penrhyn and Dinorwig were the two largest slate quarries in the world, and the Oakeley mine at Blaenau Ffestiniog was the largest slate mine in the world. Slate is mainlyr used for roofing, but is also produced as thicker slab for a variety of uses including flooring, worktops and headstones. Up to the end of the 18th century, slate was extracted on a small scale by groups of quarrymen who paid a royalty to the landlord, carted slate to the ports, and then shipped it to England, Ireland and sometimes France. Towards the close of the century, the landowners began to operate the quarries themselves, on a larger scale. After the government abolished slate duty in 1831, rapid expansion was propelled by the building of narrow gauge railways to transport the slates to the ports. The slate industry dominated the economy of north-west Wales during the second half of the 19th century, but was on a much smaller scale elsewhere. In 1898, a work force of 17,000 men produced half a million tons of slate. A bitter industrial dispute at the Penrhyn Quarry between 1900 and 1903 marked the beginning of its decline, and the First World War saw a great reduction in the number of men employed in the industry. The Great Depression and Second World War led to the closure of many smaller quarries, and competition from other roofing materials, particularly tiles, resulted in the closure of most of the larger quarries in the 1960s and 1970s. Slate production continues on a much reduced scale. The mostBooks on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 44 pp. Englisch.
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