Interface Fundamentals in Microprocessor-Controlled Systems

There is nO' dDubt that the mioroprooessor (~p) revDlutiDn will cDntinue intO' the future and many will be required to' specify and integrate mi­ crDprDceSSDrs intO' prDducts Dr systems in their Dwn disciplines. There­ fDre, well-designed flexible interfaoes will be required to' ensure CDm­ patibility with Dther equipments and to' extend design DptiDns. AlthDugh there are several bDDks Dn micrDcDmputers and micrDprDcessDrs, Dnly few Df thDse devDte but a small part Dn the impDrtant aspects Df interfaces. It was with this in mind that the present bDDk was written as a selfcDn­ tained vDlume to' be part Df the mDre general series : Mioroprooessors­ Based Systems Engineering. It fills an existing gap in technDIDgy, as in­ terfaces are the last items to' be seriDusly cDnsidered in the race Df new technDIDgy, and it deals with the systematic study Df micrDprDcessDr interfaces and their applicatiDns in many diversified fields. This bDDk is aimed at engineers in industry and engineering stu­ dents whO' need to' learn hDW to' interface micrDprDcessDrs, and hence mi­ crDcDmputers and Dther related equipments, to' external digital Dr analDg devices. It is suitable fDr use as a textbDDk Dr fDr supplementary read­ ing, either in an applied undergraduate CDurse in electrical engineering Dr in the last year Df three-year-curriculum technical cDlleges.

1 Microprocessor Basic Structures and Their Needs for Special Interfaces.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Some Useful Definitions.- 1.3 Microprocessor Architectures.- 1.4 Microprocessor Interface Requirements.- 2 ?P- Logic Families Interfaces.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Basic Logic Families and Their Interface Capabilities.- 2.3 Comparison of Characteristics and Capabilities of Key Logic Families as They May Apply to Microprocessor Interfacing.- 2.4. Interface Considerations When Mixing Families.- 2.5 Design and Applications Examples.- 3 ?P- Memory Interfaces.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Brief Review of Main Memory Types.- 3.3 Interface Requirements.- 3.4 CMOS Memory System Interface Designs.- 3.5 Interfacing Bubble Memories to ?P- Based Systems.- 4 ?P-Timing and Synchronization Interfaces.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Fundamentals of IC Timing Circuits.- 4.3 Real-Time Clock Hardware and Software.- 4.4 Programmable Time Interface Modules.- 5 ?P-Peripheral Chips Interfaces.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Peripheral Processors.- 5.3 IC Peripheral Chips.- 5.4 Design Examples and Applications.- 6 ?P Interfaces in Instrumentation.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Review of Some Basics on Measurements.- 6.3 The IEEE-488 Instruments Bus.- 6.4 ?P Interfaces in Music, Sound and Talking Instruments.- 6.5 ?P- Controlled Measurements Stations.- 7 ?P Interfaces in Communications Systems.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Review of Some Basic Communications Components.- 7.3 ?P Interfaces in Connection to Communications Standards.- 7.4 Design and Applications Examples of Communication Systems with ?P-Interfaces.- 8 ?P Interfaces in Automated Offices.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 LAN and PABX Interfaces.- 8.3 Workstations and ?P Interfaces.- 8.4 Man-Machine Interfaces.- 8.5 Peripheral and Terminal Interfaces.- 9 ?PInterfaces in Data Acquisition Systems.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Basic Building Blocks of a Data Acquisition System.- 9.3 The Interface Block and Its Components.- 9.4 Design Examples of Special Interfaces.- Charter 10 ?P Interfaces in Automated Factory Environments.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Interfacing with the Analog World in a Factory.- 10.3 Microprocessor Interfaces in Industrial Robots.- 10.4 Other ?P-Interface Examples for the Factory Environment.- 11 ?P Interfaces in Distributed Process Control.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Elements and Structures of Distributed Systems.- 11.3 Interfaces in Remote Job Sites.- 11.4 Bus Interfaces in Distributed Systems.- 12 ?P Interfaces in Energy Management, Heating and Motor Control Systems.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 liP Interfaces in Power Plants.- 12.3 ?P Interfaces in Motor Controls.- 12.4 ?P Interfaces in Heating Control.- 13 ?P Interfaces in Automotive Electronics.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 Electronic Interfaces in Automobile Engine Control Mechanisms.- 13.3 Electronic Interfaces in other Automotive Systems.- 14 ?P Interfaces in Medical Applications.- 14.1 Introduction.- 14.2 Exploring Microprocessor Applications in Medicine.- 14.3 Interfaces in Patient Information and Monitoring Center.- 14.4 Interfaces in Electrocardiography (ECG).- 15 Interfaces for ?P-Controlled Fiber Optic Systems.- 15.1 Introduction.- 15.2 ?P Interfaces in Simple Fiber Optic Links and Instrumentation.- 15.3 ?P Interfaces in Teledistribution Fiber Optic Systems.- 15.4 ?P Interfaces in Fiber Optic Local Area Networks.- 16 Interfaces in ?P- Based Security and Alarm Systems.- 16.1 Introduction.- 16.2 General Approaches to Security Systems Interfaces.- 16.3 Data-Encryption Interfaces in Communication Systems.- 16.4 ?P- Based Fire Detection andSecurity Systems Using Infrared Techniques.- 17 ?P- Based ATE Systems Interfaces.- 17.1 Introduction.- 17.2 The Evolution of ?P- Controlled Automatic Test Equipment.- 17.3 Automatic Testing and the IEEE-STD-488 Interface.- 17.4 Design and Applications Examples.- 18 VLSI Technology Impact on ?P Interfaces.- 18.1 Introduction.- 18.2 Changes in Design Philosophies at the Circuit Level.- 18.3 Changes in Design Philosophies at the Circuit