The importance of nanotechnology related research and development has become recognised worldwide. Substantial public and private investment is now being ploughed into research and development in a number of industrial sectors, where nanotechnology has become established and has led to new commercial products. The construction industry, having major economic significance with nano-scale research and development which is only emerging, offers a wide scope for exploitation of nanotechnology. With international contributions from experts in the field, Nanotechnology in Construction amalgamates previously fragmented research and emerging trends. It reflects the inherent multi-disciplinary nature of nano-scale research in construction and contributions cover a wide spectrum, from highly scientific investigations to futuristic applications. The book is organised into four broad sections, the first reviews and analyses the prospects of exploitation of nanotechnology in construction, the second discusses novel tools and their capabilities, the final two sections show existing significant products where nanotechnology has been already been exploited or where product development is under-way. Nanotechnology in Construction will appeal to researchers already working in this field as well as those wishing to enter it. It will also inform governmental and other funding agencies of the most promising future directions and their related timescales. Practical applications are considered and explanations of the underlying basics are given, raising awareness and understanding of what nanotechnology can offer to construction professionals in general.
Nanotechnology in Construction
By P.J.M. Bartos, J.J. Hughes, P. Trtik, W. ZhuThe Royal Society of Chemistry
Copyright © 2004 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-85404-623-2Contents
Organising Committee, xiii,
Scientific Committee, xiv,
Sponsors, xv,
Nanotechnology and Construction in the 21st Century,
From nanotechnology to new production systems: the EU perspective. H. Péro, 3,
Nanotechnology in civil engineering. K. P. Chong, 13,
Nanotechnology: business and investment opportunities. D. Stark, 23,
Integration of european nanotechnology research in construction. A. Porro, 25,
Application of nanotechnology in construction – current status and future potential. W. Zhu, J. C. Gibbs and P.J.M. Bartos, 31,
Nanotechnology for construction: beyond the imagery. R. Cather, 47,
Techniques and Instrumentation,
Focused Ion Beams (fib) – tools for serial sectioning of nanoindentation sites in cementitious materials. P. Trtik, 53,
Micro – an intermediate step to nano level analysis in concrete like composites. J. Kasperkiewicz, 63,
Applications of DualBeam in the analysis of construction materials. S. Reyntjens, 75,
Synchrotron-Radiation X-ray Tomography: a method for the 3d verification of cement microstructure and its evolution during hydration. L. Helfen, F. Dehn, P. Mikulik and T. Baumbach, 89,
Observation of the nanostructure of cement hydration by Soft X-ray Transmission Microscopy. M. C. G. Juenger, P.J.M. Monteiro, V.H.R. Lamour, E.M. Gartner, G.P. Denbeaux and D. T. Attwood, 101,
Study of pozzolan-cement interaction by Atomic Force Microscopy (afm). U. Rattanasak, M. Rotov and K. Kendall, 105,
Estimation of the degree of hydration and phase constitutions by the SEM-BSE image analysis in relation to the development of strength in cement pastes and mortars. S. Igarashi, M. Kawamura and A. Watanabe, 111,
Modification of cement paste with silica fume — a NMR study. B. Lagerblad, H.M. Jennings and J.J. Chen, 123,
Modelling,
Modelling and temperature dependence of microstructure formation in cement based materials. T. Kishi and K. Ito, 135,
Numerical modelling of volume changes in cement-based systems at early ages. K. van Breugel, Ye Guang and E.A.B. Koenders, 143,
Numerical modelling and experimental observations of the pore structure of cement-based materials. G. Ye and K. van Breugel, 155,
Virtual concrete: working at the nanometer scale. E. J. Garboczi and D.A. Neumann, 165,
Evaluation of theoretical models for assessing interfacial properties in aged grc using fibre push-in test. J.J. Gaitero, W. Zhu and P.J.M. Bartos, 169,
Moving-window representation of interfacial debonding in concrete. L. L. Graham-Brady and D.J. Corr, 179,
Molecular modeling of confined fluids and solid-fluid interfaces in portland cement and related materials. R.J. Kirkpatrick, A. Kalinichev and J. Wang, 183,
Density functional calculation of elastic properties of portlandite and foshagite. J. L. Laugesen, 185,
Exploring the micro-mechanics of open-ended pile driving via discrete element modelling. C. O 'Sullivan and K. G. Gavin, 193,
Materials and Products,
Nanostructure of single carbon fibres investigated with synchrotron radiation. D. Loidl, O. Paris, M. Muller, M. Burghammer, C. Riekel, K. Kromp and H. Peterlik, 205,
High-performance nanostructuxed materials for construction. I. Campillo, J. S. Dolado and A. Porro, 215,
Synthesis and characterization of nanoparticulate calcium aluminates. L. D. Mitchell, J. Margeson and J.J. Beaudoin, 227,
Effects of water-cement ratio and curing age on the threshold pore width of hardened cement paste. H.N, Atahan, O.N. Oktar and M.A. Tasdemir, 239,
Effect of curing regime and type of activator on properties of alkali-activated fly ash. T. Bakharev, 249,
Take a closer look: calcium sulphate based building materials in interaction with chemical additives. B. Middendorf C. Vellmer and M. Schmidt, 263,
Investigation of the micro-mechanical properties of underwater concrete. M. Sonebi and W. Zhu, 273,
Applications,
Thin films and coatings: atomic engineering. F. Placido, 285,
The Nanohouse™ – an Australian initiative to develop the home of the future. J. Muir, G. Smith, C. Masens, D. Tomkin and M. Cortie, 291,
Building façade integrated quantum dot concentrated solar electricity production. S. Gallagher, B. Norton and P. C. Eames, 305,
Microsystems for the control of cable vibration. Jan G. Korvink, F. Braun and M. Schlaich, 321,
Carbon nanotubes and their application in the construction industry. J. M. Makar andJ.J. Beaudoin, 331,
Nano-science and -technology for asphalt pavements. M.N. Parti, R. Gublerand M. Hugener, 343,
Natural roofing slate: the use of instrumented indentation technique to measure changes in the elastic modulus and hardness due to weathering. Joan A Walsh and Pavel Trtik, 357,
Use of instrumented indentations for quality control of building materials. K. Trtik and O. Vlasák, 367,
Subject Index, 375,
CHAPTER 1
Part 1: Nanotechnology in Construction in the 21st Century
FROM NANOTECHNOLOGY TO NEW PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: THE EU PERSPECTIVE
Hervé Pêro
DG Research - EUROPEAN COMMISSION – 200 rue de la Loi, Brussels
1 INTRODUCTION
It is my pleasure to be able to give a key note address on such an exciting subject, not only because I am an engineer by training and have worked several years in industry - therefore it reminds me of very good times - but also because research on nanotechnology and its applications represent a key factor for the development of high added value products and will surely provide the basis for a competitive and sustainable development of European industry.
2 NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology is a relatively young field of science and technology, with an enormous market potential and societal and economic impacts, and for all industrial sectors. Nanotechnology is truly multidisciplinary. Research at the nano-scale frontier is unified by the need to develop knowledge, tools, techniques and expertise on atomic and molecular interactions for applications in real products. Nanotechnology covers a wide range of research and innovation aspects, for example: magnetic random access memories; simplification and use of biological molecular functionalities; nano-wires, nano-crystals, carbon nano-tubes, and quantum effects; industrial production of nano-coatings; epitaxial self-assembly, etc. Nanocomposites for example, which are hybrids of greatly differing components – often comprising an inorganic and an organic component – are probably among the most promising new materials. Their applications range from mechanically reinforced lightweight components to components for batteries, sensors, adhesives, packaging materials, pigments, building and construction materials and artificial body parts.
The development of a strong European position in this field, and the establishment of a European nanotechnology industry, requires a concerted approach at the European level in order to:
- Merge and facilitate complementary and unique competencies.
- Define strategic plans and positioning (roadmaps).
- Share large investments and/or common use of research facilities .
- Set up common R&D open platforms.
- Initiate cores for EU...
