CHAPTER 1
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
BY B. E. MANN
1 Introduction
The growth in papers containing n.m.r. data on inorganic and organometallic compounds has continued with the result that only papers containing information on nuclei other than H, or papers wherein H n.m.r. spectroscopy makes a significant contribution, are included. A more selective approach has also been applied within the area of solid-state n.m.r. spectroscopy, and papers which are considered to be principally of interest to physicists have been omitted. As usual, no attempt is made to cover n.m.r. spectroscopy in depth, and any reader who requires such an approach is referred to the excellent Specialist Periodical Report on 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance'.
Volume 8 of 'Advances in Magnetic Resonance' has appeared and contains chapters on 'The Theory of Chemically Induced Dynamic Spin Polarization', by H. H. Freed and J. B. Pedersen, and 'N.M.R. in Flowing Systems', by D. W. Jones and T. F. Child. In addition, the first supplement to this series on 'High Resolution N.M.R. in Solids, Selective Averaging', by U. Haeberlen has appeared. Volume 6B of 'Annual Reports on N.M.R. Spectroscopy' contains chapters on 'N.M.R. and Conformations of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins', by W. A. Thomas, and 'Fluorine-19 N.M.R. Spectroscopy', by L. Cavalli. The series 'N.M.R., Basic Principles and Progress' has proved to be prolific with books on 'Van der Waals Forces and Shielding Effects', by F. H. A. Rummens, 'High Resolution N.M.R. Spectroscopy in Solids', by M. Mehring,'Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine N.M.R. Physico-chemical and Biological Applications', by B. Lindman and S. Forsén, and 'Introductory Essays', edited by M. M. Pintar, containing 11 essays on various n.m.r. topics, none of which is of direct relevance to this chapter. 'Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy' has produced a review on 'Spin-Spin Coupling and the Con-formational States of Peptide Systems', by V. F. Bystrov. The second volume of 'Topics in Carbon-13 N.M.R. Spectroscopy' has now appeared and contains a number of chapters on various aspects of 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy, and in particular 'Carbon-13 N.M.R. Studies of Organometallic and Transition Metal Complex Compounds', by O. A. Gansow and W. D. Vernon.
A number of books devoted to n.m.r. spectroscopy have been published, including 'Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance', by P. Joseph-Nathan; 'The Dynamics of Spectroscopic Transition: Illustrated by Magnetic Resonance and Laser Effects', by J. D. Macomber; 'Spectroscopic Methods for Determining the Structure of Organic Compounds. Section "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy", by J. Prochorow; 'Magnetic Resonance', edited by C. A. McDowell, which contains chapters on 'High Resolution N.M.R. Studies on Solids', by E. R. Andrew, 'The Studies of Ionic Processes at Membranes by N.M.R. Methods', by L. W. Reeves, and 'Tunnelling Processes as Studied by Magnetic Resonance Techniques', by R. Srinivasan; 'Fourier Transform N.M.R. Spectroscopy', by D. Shaw; 'Use of Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation in the Analysis of Inorganic Compounds', by A. A. Popel; 'Interpretation of Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra', by F. Wehrli and T. Wirthlin; 'Spectroscopic Methods in Pharmacy, Vol. 2: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry', by G. Ruecker; 'Magnetic Resonance of Biomolecules', by P. F. Knowles, D. Marsh, and H. W. E. Rattle; 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Biological Research: Peptides and Proteins', by K. Wuethrich ; 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Biochemistry', by T. L. James; a collection of lectures in 'Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry and Biology'; and 'Corso Teorico-Pratico di Resonanza Magnetica Nucleare', edited by A. Frigerio.
Several other books have appeared which contain sections or chapters devoted to n.m.r. spectroscopy. These books have articles on 'Physical Methods and Techniques; 11. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance', by R. B. Jones and L. Phillips; 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', by I. O. Sutherland; 'N.M.R. of Nuclei other than Proton and Fluorine-19', by G. A. Webb; 'Correlations in Nuclear Magnetic Shielding, Part l', by J. Mason; 'Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance', by J. Schraml and J. M. Bellama; 'The Nuclear Overhauser Effect', by J. K. Saunders and J. W. Easton; 'Molecular Structure by N.M.R. in Liquid Crystals', by L. Lunazzi ; and 'N.m.r. Parameters of the Proton Directly Bonded to Phosphorus'.
Once again numerous reviews have appeared. Some of the reviews are of n.m.r. spectroscopy in general. Other reviews cover 'High-resolution N.M.R. Method', 'N.M.R. as an Analytical Technique', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as the Stereochemists' Tool', 'Determination of Molecular Conformation in Solution', 'Conformational Analysis using High-resolution N.M.R. Spectroscopy', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques for the Determination of the Structure of Molecules', 'Recent N.M.R. Applications in Organic Chemistry', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at High Pressures', 'Basics of N.M.R. Spectroscopy', 'Practical Interpretations of N.M.R. Spectra', 'Pulsed N.M.R. Spectrometry', 'Proton N.M.R. Spectrometry', 'Analysis of N.M.R. Spectra', 'Allylic Interproton Spin-Spin Coupling', 'Influence of Solvents on Spectroscopy', 'Solute-Solute and Solute-Solvent Interactions: N.M.R. Studies', 'Forbidden Transition in Magnetic Resonance', 'Spin Relaxation in Fluids', 'Magnetic Relaxation', 'Reorientation and Dipole Relaxation', 'N.M.R. and the Periodic Table', 'The Application of Carbon-13 N.M.R. to Oil Chemistry. Part 2. Review of Recent Topics',7 'Carbon-13 N.M.R. Spectroscopy'," 'Carbon-13 Fourier Transform N.M.R. An Important New Analysis Tool', 'Applications of C and lH N.M.R. and I.R. Spectro-scopies in Structural and Quantitative Analysis', 'c N.M.R. Use in Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Technology',6 'The Application of Carbon-13 N.M.R. Spectroscopic Techniques to Biological Problems', 'C N.M.R. Spectroscopy in Organic Chemistry', 'The Use of Alkali Metal N.M.R. in the Study of Solvation and Complexation of Alkali Metal Ions', 'Dynamic N.M.R. of Carbon', 'Unusually High Barriers to Rotation Involving the Tetrahedral Carbon Atom', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Coordination Compounds', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins', 'Investigations of Hydrides of the Group IVa and Va Metals by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance', 'N.M.R. Spectroscopy of Iron-Sulphur Proteins', 'Apicophilicity and Ring Strain in Five-coordinate Phosphoranes', 'Organic and Inorganic Reaction...