The Two-over One Game Force bidding system is an improvement over the Standard American System that has been in effect and played by bridge players for many years. The advantage of the 2/1 system is that it allows the partnership to know that game is possible with only a single bid. In this book, I have tried to present the fundamental aspects of the bidding structure for playing a pure two-over-one game force system of bidding. While many players claim they play 2/1, this is not the case. They have allowed the bidding structure of Standard American to prevail, like bidding suits up the line or ignoring the Walsh club. In this book, I have tried to change behavior by presenting a series of bids geared toward the 2/1 bidding structure where simply stated means that any auction that starts with an opening one-bid that is followed with a response at the two level of a lower-ranking suit represents a game forcing bidding sequence. Also included in the book are Bergen, Reverse Bergen, and Combined Bergen raises, inverted minor suit raises with crisscross and flip-flop, cue bidding, modified scroll bids, and many more methods In the third edition, the chapter on Slam bidding has been expanded to include asking for aces and kings simultaneously, the Baron 4NT convention, and more. New material on Roman Jump overcalls, the Mc Cabe Adjunct and the Reverse Mc Cabe Adjunct, Bergen's Jacoby 2NT bids, Meckwell major suit bids and Meckwell responses to minor suit openings, more on interference over strong notrump, minor suit Stayman, Kokish Relays and several other conventions have been added to this latest edition. Several new bidding systems have been added to this final fifth edition; they include Tartan Weak Two Bids, The Walsh Club Convention, the Principle of Restricted Choice, additional methods for interfering over the strong precision club bid, Variable Roman Keycard Blackwood, Spiral Scan bids, the Swedish 2NT bid, and more on interference over strong notrump bids. Also included is an update of the Minorwood and the Roman Keycard Blackwood Conventions, Two-Way New Minor Forcing with modified Wolff Signoff bids and new bidding sequences using Mini/Weak Notrump. The topic of Offense to Defense Ratio (ODR) is included in this revision as well as expanded bidding sequences when opening and responding to the bid of two playing the 2/1 Game Force System and several new Bridge Rules have been added to chapter 10. You may find Timm's Bridge Bits, several duplicate bridge lessons, and a free pdf copy of this book on the website www.bridgewebs.com/ocala.

Auszug. � Genehmigter Nachdruck. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

Two-Over-One Game Force System

For Beginners or Intermediate Players the Final Word with Chapters on Precision

By Neil H. Timm

Trafford Publishing

Acknowledgments, xvii, 
Introduction, xxi, 
Chapter 1 Hand Evaluation, Opening Bids, and Rebids, 1, 
Chapter 2 Opening Two-, Three-, and Four-Level Bids, 116, 
Chapter 3 Slam Bidding, 158, 
Chapter 4 Third and Fourth Seat Openings, 212, 
Chapter 5 Bidding with Interference, 217, 
Chapter 6 Takeout Doubles, 236, 
Chapter 7 Overcalls, 245, 
Chapter 8 Conventional Doubles, 279, 
Chapter 9 How to Interfere with Their Bidding, 284, 
Chapter 10 Review of Common "Bridge Rules/Laws", 305, 
Chapter 11 Defensive Carding, 325, 
Chapter 12 Bridge Leads, 332, 
Chapter 13 Completing the Convention Card, 347, 
Chapter 14 Play of the Hand, 355, 
Chapter 15 Other Bridge Conventions, 369, 
Chapter 16 Wrap-Up, 426, 
Chapter 17 Transfer Precision, 431, 
Chapter 18 Meckwell Precision Bids, 454, 
Chapter 19 Precision Simplified Overview, 515, 
Chapter 20 Interfering over Precision, 539, 
Chapter 21 Fantunes (Modified), 543, 
Index, 559,

CHAPTER 1

Hand Evaluation, Opening Bids, and Rebids

Hand evaluation — starter points

The standard deck of cards for the game of bridge contains fifty-two cards. The cards are organized into suits — spades ([??]), hearts ([??]), diamonds ([??]), and clubs ([??]). The sequence spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs represents the rank order of the suits within the deck. Thus, spades is higher ranking than hearts; hearts is higher ranking than diamonds, etc. The major suits are spades and hearts, and the minor suits are diamonds and clubs.

Each suit contains thirteen cards as follows:

A K Q J 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

The ace (A), king (K), queen (Q), jack (J), and 10 are called honor cards.

A bridge hand is created by dealing the fifty-two cards to four players, one at a time, so that each player has a total of thirteen cards. Partnerships at the game are the two persons sitting north- south and those sitting east-west. To evaluate the value of your hand, independent of rank, the standard/traditional method promoted by Charles Goren in the late 1940s is to assign values to the honor cards:

Honor Value
Ace 4
King 3
Queen 2
Jack 1
Ten 0
_____________
10

The evaluation method is referred to as 4-3-2-1-0 point count system. Using this method, one observes that a bridge deck contains a total of 40 high card points (HCP). Hence, an "average" hand consists of 10 HCP While the method of assignment is accurate, a computer analysis of bridge hands shows that the point count system (4-3-2-1-0) tends to undervalue aces and tens and to overvalue queens and jacks. Only kings are correctly valued. Using only HCP, a hand with at least 12 HCP is usually opened. More later!

To compensate for the over and undervaluation using the Charles Goren's "standard/ traditional" method, Marty Bergen, ten-time national champion, developed the Adjust-3 method. His 2008 book, Slam Bidding Made Easier, published by Bergen Books, devotes the first one hundred pages to his proposed method. Why adjust three? Because the accuracy of the HCP in a hand depends on the difference of overvalued and undervalued honors by the value of three.

Let's see how the process works. With a dealt hand, one goes through six simple steps to employ the Adjust-3 method:

Step 1: Add up your HCP using the table presented earlier.

Step 2: Count the number of aces and 10s (undervalued honors).

Step 3: Count the number of queens and jacks (overvalued honors).

Step 4: Subtract the smaller number from the larger number.

Step 5: Evaluate the difference:

If between zero and two, make no adjustment.

If within the range three to five, adjust by 1 point.

If six plus (rare), adjust by 2 points.

Step 6: If the number of aces and 10s is more, add;

If the number of queens and jacks is more, subtract

We next apply the method to a few examples.

Hand 1 Hand 2 Hand 3 Hand 4 Hand 5
[??]AKQ105 [??]AK9 [??]A67 [??]A104 [??]K78
[??]10982 [??]KJ3 [??]KQ54 [??]10543 [??]AQ9852
[??]6 [??]J105 [??]Q7 [??]KJ67 [??]A109
[??]J67 [??]5678 [??]J678 [??]K10 [??]A

Hand 1: 10 HCP

three (undervalued) 10A10; two (overvalued) honors QJ

3 - 2 = 1; no adjustment

The adjusted total for the hand is 10.

Hand 2: 12 HCP

three aces and 10s (undervalued); two Js (overvalued)

3 - 2 = 1 no adjustment, but skewed in undervalued honors The adjusted total for the hand is 12.

Hand 3: 12 HCP

three queens and jacks (overvalued); one ace (undervalued)

3 - 1 = 2 no adjustment, but skewed in overvalued honors The adjusted total for the hand is 12.

Hand 4: 11 HCP

four undervalued honors; one overvalued honor

4 - 1 = 3; add 1 HCP; more overvalued honors

The adjusted total for the hand is 12.

Hand 5: 17 HCP

four undervalued honors; one overvalued honor

4 - 1 = 3; add 1 HCP; more undervalued honors

The adjusted total for the hand is 18.

Using the Adjust-3 method of hand evaluation, one may consider opening hands 2-5. However, is there more to the story? Yes. Clearly, if a suit includes AKxxx and another suit contains Axxx, one may take two tricks with the first and only one with the second. Thus, in addition to HCP, one must consider suit length.

After the Adjust-3 process, you must apply the following rule to modify your points for suit length, provided the suit contains at least one honor card: A/K/Q/J/10.

ADD FOR SUIT LENGTH

One additional point for a five-card suit

Two additional points for a six-card suit

Three additional points for a seven-card suit, etc.

In summary, add 1 additional point for each card in a suit over four that contains an honor. However, in addition to suit length, one has to consider dubious honors since they are overvalued.

Subtract 1 point for hands with the following doubletons or singleton honors:

Doubletons: AJ, KQ, KJ, QJ, Qx, Jx (quick tricks = 1, �, or 0)

Singletons: K, Q, J (�, or 0 quick tricks)

Note that AK, AQ, Ax, and Kx are excluded doubletons.

Last, you must adjust for quality suits — a suit with 3+ of the top-five honor cards.

Add 1 additional point for each quality suit.

In summary, one proceeds through the following steps to obtain the total value of a hand:

Step 1: HCP

Step 2: Adjust-3 (add or subtract)

Step 3: Suit length (add for length)

Step 4: Dubious honors (subtract)

Step 5: Suit quality (add)

Step 6: Total starting points

Completing steps 1–4, one has what Mr. Bergen calls starting points. To open the bidding in the game of bridge (one of a suit), a hand is opened if it has at least 12 starting points in the first seat. There is more to a hand than simply high card points (HCP).

One final comment: in a suit contract, if your shape is 4-3-3-3, 5-3-3-2, 6-3-2-2, or 7-2-2-2, you should downgrade your hand by 1 point for "flatness."

If the shape is 4-3-3-3 and one is considering a notrump bid, also subtract 1 from the total starting points.

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