grin verlag jun 2009 (Mehr als 1.900 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2009 in the subject Theology - Comparative Religion Studies, grade: 96, Ben Gurion University, course: Formation of Islam, language: English, abstract: Professor Heinz Halm¿s work Shi¿a Islam: From Religion to Revolution deals with the origins and developments of Shi¿ism in general and the Shi¿i history of Iran, with special attention paid to the Iranian Revolution, which gave rise to the Islamic Republic of Iran. Professor Halm¿s study aims to synthesize these two major thematic blocks which are located in quite distant historical periods. Within the analysis of Shi¿ism the author depicts the major rituals and their history, utilizing travelogues and descriptions of majorly European observers. He compares and examines historical processes which led to the revolution, as well as the revolution itself and its outcome on the basis of previously described characteristics of Shi¿ism. Firstly this article will give a short presentation of the book¿s structure and a summary of its contents. Further on, it will compare the work with Jonathan Berkey¿s The Formation of Islam and Ervand Abrahamian¿s Khomeinism: Essays of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to examine different approaches and interpretations of various issues covered by all three works. Successively the article will focus on the methodology, the use of sources and the style of Shi¿a Islam and it will conclude with some criticism and suggestions for further reading in this field.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Pädagogik - Allgemein, Note: 2,0, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg (Erziehungswissenschaft), Veranstaltung: Allgemeine Pädagogik, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: 'Wer arbeitslos ist, ist nur zu faul zu arbeiten', 'Wer arbeiten will, der findet Arbeit' - solche und andere Phrasen sind allgemein bekannt. Trotz der derzeitig schlechten Wirtschaftsituation, in der von Arbeitslosigkeit nicht nur niedrig qualifiziert Beschäftigte bedroht bzw. betroffen sind, bleiben gesellschaftliche Vorurteile über Arbeitslose bestehen. Diese werden durch die Medien genährt, teilweise werden ganze TV-Formate in Form von Realitysendungen auf die gesellschaftlichen Klischees ausgerichtet. Die darin vorkommenden Arbeitslosen werden als faul und ungebildet dargestellt, welche die soziale 'Hängematte' nutzen und mit ihrer Situation zufrieden scheinen. Diese stereotypen Darstellungen von Erwerbslosen zeigen, welchen Wert die Arbeit in den sozialen Gesellschaftsstrukturen und im Leben des Einzelnen einnimmt. Neben der materiellen Existenzsicherung bedeutet Erwerbsarbeit gesellschaftliche Teilhabe, soziale Integration und befähigt zur individuellen Selbsteinschätzung der eigenen Kompetenz. Mit dem Verlust des Arbeitsplatzes verbindet sich neben dem materiellen Druck durch die Reduzierung finanzieller Mittel auf Sozialleistungen, auch die mit Dauer der Erwerbslosigkeit immer größer werdende seelische Belastung. Die Folgen von Arbeitslosigkeit bilden die Grundlage zahlreicher Studien, welche sich u.a. mit den Folgen auf die bestehenden sozialen Beziehungen, Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit und Veränderungen der Lebensführung bzw. Lebensplanung der Betroffenen beschäftigen. Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit wird es sein, der Frage nachzugehen, inwiefern Erwerbslosigkeit die soziale Identität einer Person beschädigt. Dabei werde ich die Bedeutung der Arbeit für die soziale Identität darlegen und anhand eines von mir durchgeführten Interviews mit einer langjährig Erwerbslosen untersuchen, inwieweit Erwerbslosigkeit ein gesellschaftliches Stigma darstellt. Das Interview werde ich dazu mit der Abhandlung Erving Goffmans: 'Stigma - Über Techniken der Bewältigung beschädigter Identität' in Beziehung setzen. 24 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2004 im Fachbereich Germanistik - Neuere Deutsche Literatur, einseitig bedruckt, Note: 2,0, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Veranstaltung: Proseminar: Wie wirkt Literatur , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Gegenstand dieser Hausarbeit soll sein, anhand einer kritisch-rezeptions-ästhetischen Analyse des Textes In der Strafkolonie von Franz Kafka aufzuzeigen, an welchem Punkt die hermeneutische Rezeptionsästhetik an ihre eigenen Grenzen stößt und durch eine empirische Literaturwissenschaft ergänzt werden müsste. 32 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2005 im Fachbereich Geschichte Europa - and. Länder - Europa Nachkriegszeit, einseitig bedruckt, Note: 5,5 von 6, Universität Bern (Historisches Institut), 56 Quellen im Literaturverzeichnis, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Der litauische Dichter Tomas Venclova hat die Situation der Generation seiner Eltern so beschrieben: 'Die Geschichte hat sie vor die Wahl zwischen Hitler, Stalin und dem Tod gestellt, wobei das eine nicht automatisch das andere ausschloss'. Was passierte tatsächlich in Litauen vor 60 Jahren Nur ein genauer Blick auf die Geschehnisse der Nachkriegszeit macht es möglich, den Verlauf der litauischen Geschichte zu verstehen und zu interpretieren. Im Juli 1944 nimmt die 3.Belorussische Front der Roten Armee die Hauptstadt Litauens Vilnius ein und im August verkündet der Oberste Rat der Litauischen SSR das Gesetz über die Abschaffung der Auswirkungen der deutschen Okkupation. Nach der Einnahme Memels und der Kurischen Nehrung im Januar 1945 gilt die Reokkupation des litauischen Territoriums durch die Rote Armee als abgeschlossen. Mit der Einführungen des ersten Fünfjahresplans für 1946-1950 an kann die Sowjetisierung, Zwangskollektivierung der Landwirtschaft und Verstaatlichung, u.a. von Kirchengütern, nach sowjetischer Methode forciert werden. Das Streben nach Freiheit manifestierte sich im Partisanenkampf von 1944 bis 1953, der nach hohen Verlusten in den Anfangsjahren (1944-1945) nicht zerbrach, sondern in den Jahren 1947-1948 eine organisierte Form erhielt und dessen Strukturen im ganzen Land ausbreitete. Das erste Ziel, das sich nun die neuen Herrscher setzten, war es, den Widerstand in Litauen im Keim zu ersticken und die durch die Rote Armee und den Narodnyj Komissariat Vnutrennich Del (NKVD) eroberte Macht im Staate zu konsolidieren. Die Leitung der KPS(B) verlangte, gemäss Aussagen M. Suslovs, die wichtigste der wichtigsten Aufgaben auszuführen: schnellstens das Banditentum zu liquidieren . Ausgesprochen brutal und blutig verlief der Krieg gegen die Partisanen, der bis 1949 sehr heftig tobte. Zu den Schrecken der Eroberung gehörte auch die willkürliche Liquidierung von Zivilisten. Obwohl die Widerstandsbewegung sowohl zahlenmässig als auch ideologisch sehr stark war, war doch das Kräfteverhältnis stets sehr ungleich, weil die Partisanen regulären sowjetischen Truppen gegenüberstanden und viel schlechter ausgerüstet waren. Der bewaffnete litauische Widerstand, der ein ganzes Jahrzehnt nach dem 2. Weltkrieg währte, war eine der längsten Widerstandsbewegungen in Europa und wird in der litauischen Geschichte als Krieg nach dem Kriege bezeichnet. 40 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 2,0, University of Wales, Aberystwyth (International Politics Department), course: September 11, International Terrorism and the Middle East, language: English, abstract: Does poverty cause terrorism A simple equation which is frequently evoked in the media and public discourse on terrorism, but as has been shown quite frequently, terrorists tend to come from educated and middle-class backgrounds. So what does it take to make a terrorist There is - as will hardly surprise anyone - no clear cut, simple answer, but this essay aims at providing an overview and further questions.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Far East, grade: 1,7, University of Münster (Institut für Politikwissenschaft), course: Theater Missile Defense in Europe and Asia ¿ A Comparison, language: English, abstract: Das Thema Raketenabwehr wird vorrangig mit den amerikanischen Stationierungsplänen für Polen und die Tschechische Republik in Verbindung gebracht. Trotz vergleichbarer sicherheitspolitischer Relevanz spielt das ebenfalls von den USA unterstütze Raketenabwehrsystem auf Taiwan in den westlichen Medien keine wesentliche Rolle. Während sich Taiwan besseren Schutz vor chinesischen Raketenangriffen verspricht, betrachtet China eine taiwanesische Raketenabwehr als einen weiteren Schritt der 'abtrünnigen Provinz' in Richtung formale Unabhängigkeit. Die Analyse der regionalen sowie globalen Implikationen ergibt, dass ein Raketenabwehrsystem auf Taiwan geringen militärischen Nutzen aufweist und die Beziehungen zwischen den USA und China destabilisiert.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: USA, grade: 1,3, University of Siegen, language: English, abstract: The United States of America and its people are very multi-layed. From an international perspective the political behaviour and the American way of life are mostly considered very sceptical. Especially the War against Terror and also environmental issues, rejections and restraints are intensively discussed worldwide.Driven by global developments in the last years, international actors demand for extensive collective environmental and particulary climatic goals. So the international Union was almost indignant about the rejection of the Kyoto Protocol by the American government. The United States as the main emittent of CO2, the most responsible substance for global warming, signaled with this reaction ignorant acting and an unacceptable attitude about common property. But often unheard are the discussions inside the United States and also the predominated political base and its possibilities for environmental goals.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Sociology - Law, Delinquency, Abnormal Behavior, grade: 2.0, University of Münster, course: Experiencing the city, language: English, abstract: The appearance of surveillance cameras in public areas in the UK (streets, parks, car parks, shopping malls etc) is obvious to everyone using these kinds of spaces. They are used to watch people¿s activities and behaviour and, if necessary react towards crime or anti-social behaviour.The UK is by far the most advanced country in Europe in regards to public surveillance research and installation. In the last decade the coverage has grown dramatically. In 1990 there were three town centre schemes with approximately 100 cameras and in 2002 there were approximately 500 schemes with around 40,000 cameras.The impression can be made that it is used as a general tool to prevent crime and promote a safer and cleaner community. But is it as effective as it promises to be and to what extent does it effect people¿s perception and activity in neighbourhoods and cities To what extent does CCTV influences the urban designer work What needs to be considered when implementing CCTV in existing and new developments This paper will help to understand the complexity of this question and issues related with its context.One approach to the topic lays in the question: Why do people feel scared and insecure in public areas The ¿fear of crime¿ has become an important issue to consider within urban design and town planning. Being afraid of being a victim of crime can be positive if it leads to increased crime prevention, but it can also affect people's quality of life in a negative way. This fear gets projected on the appearance of places and their users which lead towards banning beggars and on-street traders. In the argument about public surveillance, it is often mentioned that constant camera monitoring is reducing this ¿fear of crime¿.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Ethics, grade: A, University of Helsinki (Department of Social and Moral Philosophy), course: Seminar on Normativity, language: English, abstract: The essay is a critique of Joseph Raz' concept of second order reasons, especially exclusionary reasons, as presented in chapter one of his 1975 book 'Practical Reason and Norms'. It is argued that exclusionary reasons as defined by Raz have strange consequences that disqualify them from serious consideration. A counterproposal lays out how decision problems can be more plausibly interpreted as conflicts of first order reasons. His examples are reinterpreted in light of the counterproposal.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1,0, University of Frankfurt (Main), language: English, abstract: 'The Objectivist Tradition in American Poetry' deals with a 'modern poetry' that emerged in the 1930s in the United States.The Objectivist poets were a loose-knit group; they were mainly American and were influenced by, amongst others, Ezra Pound and William Carlos Williams. The basic tenets of Objectivist poetics as defined by objectivist poet Louis Zukofsky were to treat the poem as an object, to use no word that isn't absolutely necessary for the presentation and to emphasise 'sincerity'.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Orientalism / Sinology - Islamic Studies, grade: 92, Ben Gurion University, course: Tsars, Comrades and Prophets: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives on Islam in Russia and the Former Soviet Union, language: English, abstract: For almost a millennium Russia has interacted with Islam. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Islam has had a considerable impact on the formation of a new Russian identity. The ¿ideological and cultural vacuum¿ generated by the enormous political change hampers the creation of this identity. In the new liberty, formerly excluded and suppressed minorities strive for self-determination and recognition of their rights. The following study briefly depicts the new political situation. Further it analyzes the policies of the post-Soviet Russian Federation government and its consequences for Russian Muslims; it compares them with the policies of the Central Asian state of Uzbekistan. Using Turkey as a specific example, conclusions are drawn about the effects of this new socio-political climate on Russian Muslims.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 15 Punkte, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (Department of English), course: Grammar in the english foreign language classroom, language: English, abstract: Ebonics is probably the most popular and widespread linguistic phenomena in the world today. This is mainly due to the fact that American music is a worldwide predominant cultural reality. Black American music with its inherent linguistic characteristics, by the same token, looms large within that heritage. In this paper I will commence with a description of the term ¿Ebonics¿ and some information on the scientific state of affairs concerning its origins. Then I will proceed to some phonological aspects and conclude with a short look at its grammatical structure and idiosyncrasies. African-American English, the linguistic variety spoken by many African Americans in the United States of America, is a system with specific rules for combining sounds to form words, phrases and sentences. The first researchers who took an interest in this called it ¿Non-Standard Negro English¿, ¿Negro dialect¿ or ¿American Negro speech¿. However, because of the growing objections to the term Negro, other terms had to be found ¿ parallel to the changes ¿ in referring to black people. But even though the terms ¿African-American Vernacular English¿ (AAVE), ¿Black communications¿, Black dialect¿, ¿Black English¿, ¿Black Vernacular English¿, ¿African American language¿, ¿African American English¿ and, as Stanford Afro-American Linguist John Baugh named it, ¿Black Street Speech¿ (Baugh, 1983: 11), have all been used to label this variety over the past forty years, the word ¿Ebonics¿ (a blend of ebony and phonetics that was created in 1973 by a group of black scholars) is probably the most popular one today. This essay is to be understood as a brief survey on its grammatical and linguistic features.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,7, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, language: English, abstract: In this essay I want to analyse and compare the two short stories ¿The Sisters¿ and ¿The Dead¿ from James Joyce¿s Dubliners, the analysis of the theme of paralysis being a second focus. The first story of the Dubliners collection, ¿The Sisters¿, opens the Dubliners sequence and explicitly introduces the topic of paralysis, one of Joyce¿s major concerns and a direct criticism in view of his home town Dublin. Therefore the topic of paralysis suggests further investigation, especially concerning the content of ¿The Sisters¿. In this essay I will ignore the earlier version of ¿The Sisters¿, which was printed in The Irish Homestead in 1904, to avoid confusion and to concentrate on Joyce¿s revised version, which was published in 1914 as the beginning of the Dubliners collection. Moreover the revised Dubliners version is better suited to be discussed in my essay, because of the fact that I want to take the general concept of paralysis within the whole collection of Dubliners into consideration. Nevertheless I will not take into account the contents of the other short stories from Dubliners, because I want to concentrate on the comparison between ¿The Sisters¿ and ¿The Dead¿, in order to avoid digressions and to keep my main focus in mind. ¿The Dead¿ I chose for investigation, because several parallels to ¿The Sisters¿ and similarities concerning the contents suggest to understand ¿The Dead¿ as a final coda or summary to the Dubliners collection. Another reason for my choice of the two stories is founded on personal considerations: if I compiled a collection of short stories, I would put the best story at the ending as a climax and finale, and the second best at the beginning to arouse the reader¿s interest and curiosity. I assume that Joyce pursued a similar strategy.First I want to give a brief overview of common understandings and analysis of the central aspects and main characters of the two short stories, followed by an interpretation of the first and the last story of Dubliners as beginning and ending of a cycle. Next I want to show some more conspicuous parallels between ¿The Sisters¿ and ¿The Dead¿, especially referring to the topic of paralysis. On the one hand I investigate paralysis as a theme within the short stories and as a characteristic of the storys¿ main characters, and on the other as Joyce¿s criticism towards his home town Dublin.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject History Europe - Other Countries - Middle Ages, Early Modern Age, grade: 1,5, University of Wales, Aberystwyth (History Department), course: Politics and Political Culture in Norman and Angevin England, language: English, abstract: The problems arising from both the term ¿politics¿ and the term ¿ritual¿ is that they are essentially modern concepts, at least in the sense in which we use them today. Consequently, anything said about the involvement and use of ritual in the realm of politics, a word here used in a broad sense of meaning, should be read with extreme caution. Politics, on a provisional definition for the purpose of this essay, is therefore to be understood as the means and mechanism through which decisions concerning the community are taken, exercised, and communicated.A ritual, on the other hand, is harder to define, and all attempts to do so would not pass unchallenged. For the purpose of this essay it will be understood as an often recurring proceeding, with symbolic meaning attached to its outer appearance. Borrowing from linguistics, but without engaging in that discipline¿s debate between structuralists and followers of Noam Chomsky¿s generative grammar, the notion of Ferdinand de Saussure¿s sign theory may help: a ritual itself will in this essay be understood as a sign, the realization of which is a signifier (signifiant), and the meaning of which is the signified (signifié).In other words, ritual here is understood as following similar patterns as language. Letters are of no use to an illiterate, as the shapes of letters mean nothing to him, nor does a ritual for someone unfamiliar with any given society¿s customs and values. The meaning (signified) has a dialectic connection with its realized counterpart, the performance of ritual (or, in Saussure¿s field, speech). The ritual itself is thus an abstract concept standing above both as the sign, which is, in turn, hollow if unperformed and to the historian only of use once put into practice and filled with meaning. To round the picture off though, it should be stated here that the analogy is a model and that there are strict limits to it, as will be explained in the conclusion. The word will be used as signifying a concept; a concept which is being contested, and which therefore stands in italics.After this interdisciplinary introduction with the help of linguistics, this essay will try and outline the use of ritual in politics through various sources and secondary materials, sketching rather than answering the question of whether the concept of ritual has been exaggerated in its appliance to medieval politics.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1,0, University of Frankfurt (Main) (Institut für England- und Amerikastudien), language: English, abstract: The play ¿Orpheus Descending¿ was first presented on Broadway in 1957 where it only had a short run with modest success; it was almost universally condemned by critics. The play is a rewrite of an earlier play by Williams called ¿Battle of Angels¿. In 1940 the Theatre Guild had produced ¿Battle of Angels¿ in Boston but it had been very poorly received. The play was withdrawn after Boston¿s ¿Watch and Ward Society¿ had banned it. The reason for this lay within the explosive topics it deals with such as racism, (suppressed) sexuality, adultery, corruption and murder. Even tough Williams rewrote his play several times and worked on it for 17 years, ¿Orpheus Descending¿ too, was harshly criticized and widely considered a failure.Nevertheless, the play has been made into a movie twice: The first movie version was titled ¿The Fugitive Kind¿ (1959) and directed by Sidney Lumet and Tennessee Williams himself. Starring actors were Marlon Brando, Joanne Woodward and Anna Magnani. The second movie version is a TV production from 1990 and bears the name of the play ¿Orpheus Descending¿. It is directed by British theatre and film director Peter Hall, starring Vanessa Redgrave and Kevin Anderson.Tennessee Williams drama ¿Orpheus Descending¿ involves a lot of aspects that can also be discovered in his more popular plays.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2+, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (Institut für Englische Linguistik), course: English Corpus Linguistik, language: English, abstract: Die Hausarbeit besteht aus einem theoretischen und einem praktischen Teil. Der theoretische Teil gibt Definitionen und allgemeine Vorgehensweisen zum Thema Corpus Linguistik. Es wird erklärt wie ein Corpus erstellt und später ausgewertet wird.Der praktische Teil beschäftigt sich mit englischen und deutschen Märchen im Verglech. Dabei wir Wert auf die Sprache, die Benutzung besonderer, für Märchen markanter, Wörter und Wendungen gelegt. Es wird eine Erklärung für die Unterschiede, sowie eine Zusammenfassung und Fazit gegeben.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2007 in the subject Philosophy - Philosophy of the 19th Century, grade: 70% - First Class, University of Greenwich, course: Fundamental Texts of Western Philosophy, language: English, abstract: Henri Bergson¿s philosophy has proved to be revolutionary, with his idea of durationfirst introduced in Time and Free Will, having significantly influenced subsequentthinkers of the twentieth century. The central theme of Time and Free Will ¿ Essai SurLes Données Immédiates De La Conscience, in its original French title ¿ is that offreedom, a theme which is also heavily present in Immanuel Kant¿s philosophy. In thiswork, Bergson attempts to show that free will not only exists but that the argumentsagainst it derive from a misunderstanding of the conception of time. His aim in thisbook is to clarify this misunderstanding and show how the idea of determinism iserroneous, to ultimately prove that absolute free will, in opposition to Kant¿s view, doesexist.[.]BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Wuppertal, course: Contrastive Phonology, language: English, abstract: The constraints on sequences of segments are called phonotactic con -straints or phonotactics of a language. Word phonotactics in English are based on syllable phonotactics. This means that only clusters which can begin a syllable can begin a word and that a possible cluster at the end of a syllable can end a word. In multisyllabic words, the clusters consist of syllable final and syllable initial sequences. A word like instruct can be divided into well-formed syllables /In $ str¿kt/, because the word final and initial syllables consist of possible constraints in English.The arrangement of different phonemes is restricted. Some sequences are possible but have no meaning; some are not possible words in the English language. Nonsense words are possible words, respectively possible sequences of sounds of a particular language. They can be seen as accidental gaps in the vocabulary. The word Crike [krajk] obeys the phonological rules of the English language, but does not have any meaning. This phenomenon must be distinguished from non-words. Their sequences have no meaning either, but their sequences are not possible words of a language (For example bkli). If a form is not allowed by the phonotactics of a language there is said to be a systematic gap in the vocabulary.(Fromkin, Victoria. Rodman, Robert. An Introduction to Language. 6th edition. Hardcourt Brace College Publishers. United States of America. 1998)Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2.0, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, course: Shakespeare's History Plays, language: English, abstract: This paper¿s aim is to analyse and compare the kings Edward II and Richard II as depicted in Marlowe¿s and Shakespeare¿s plays with special attention to their relationships to their favourites. It cannot, however, take the historical figures of Edward II and Richard II into consideration as this would exceed the paper¿s focus.There are many parallels between the two plays. Each is about a king who is deposed and murdered, and in each the barons accuse the king¿s favourites of having manipulated the sovereign to serve their own political advantage. In both plays, the issue of homosexuality comes up: Edward has a homosexual relationship with his favourite Gaveston, Henry Bolingbroke accuses Bushy and Green of having seduced Richard politically as well as sexually and of thus having misled him as a ruler and destroyed the king¿s marriage.The question comes up if both kings¿ relationships to their peers really are ¿ as we understand it today ¿ of a homosexual nature. If so: were the favourites accused of having a negative influence on the kings because of their homosexuality Is homosexuality in itself a charge heavy enough to depose a king To answer this, chapter two will explain the Elizabethan view on homosexuality, which differs significantly from our own contemporary understanding. Even though the historical settings of both plays are in the Middle Ages, they will be examined from an early modern point of view since they were both written by Elizabethan playwrights for a contemporaneous audience. Subsequent chapters will examine and compare homosexuality within both plays and analyse which role it plays in connection with questions of power and the barons¿ revolts.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Communications - Mass Media, grade: 64%, Coventry University, course: Global Media and Communications (within the MA Global Journalism), language: English, abstract: This essay analyses the Russian media system on the basis of the concept of comparing media systems developed by Daniel C. Hallin and Paolo Mancini in 2004. Therefore a brief sketch about the Russian media system is given in the second section of this essay. Section three contains an overview about Hallin and Mancini¿s approach of comparing media systems, which also will be discussed briefly. The advantages and drawbacks of using this concept on Russia will also be pointed out. In section four the tool mentioned above will be used to analyse the Russian media system. In section five it is discussed whether the Russian media system could fit in one of the three models approached by Hallin and Mancini. Concluding this essay suggests the development of a new fourth model to describe the specifics of Post-Soviet countries.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Region: South Asia, grade: A, Webster University (Political Science ), course: Study China, language: English, abstract: [.] India is geopolitically important for China from two critical and many imperativereasons. First Chinese leaders want to maintain economic growth to do so they need a stabledomestic environment and peaceful borders. Secondly Chinese leaders do not want theUnited States to use India to contain China both militarily and economically. China and Indiafought a war on disputed territories in Ladakh area in 1962. India lost the war with greatembarrassment due to weak and unskilled military, but now both China and India have astrong military equipped with both conventional and nuclear weapons. Priorities in bothChina and India have changed. Border disputes between the two countries are no longer toppriority. Both China and India want to put border disputes aside and work for better bilateralrelation.India is economically important to China for many reasons first, they want to improvebilateral trade with India. Secondly, they realized that international competition is no longerentirely military. It is also to grow economically, scientifically and technologically.Therefore, they want to cooperate with India both at regional and the global levels to becomea world power. Chinese leadership wants to change the current unilateral international systemto a more balance multi-polar international system in which they want an important role.Other reasons India is important are its rising economic growth, a potential future market for Chinese goods and services, a good source of raw materials for Chinäs future demand and apossible strategic partner in a more economically balance multilateral international system.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 2,0, University of Tubingen, language: English, abstract: The novel Another Country, published in 1962, was written by James Baldwin, an African-American writer, particularly well known for his social-critical essays. Another Country, as a fictional work, serves Baldwin to express several ideas formerly developed in his essay writing and so the novel covers a manifold spectrum of social issues, including race, sexuality and finally love. Love as a central topic in Baldwin¿s Another Country has been analysed by several critics and even Baldwin admits candidly that the novel shows ¿the desperate searches¿ of its characters ¿for the self- knowledge and self-esteem ¿ the identity ¿ without which real love is impossible.¿ But how do these themes work in the novel, what does such a love have to look like and what does it have to include for the individual to be ¿able to learn to see real human beings behind the categories, labels, and prejudices¿ which are imposed by the loveless in a society. This essay undertakes an approximation to these questions mainly on the basis of the novel, considering some of Baldwins essays and works of critics such as Lorelei Cederstorm or David Leeming.The first part will focus on an analysis of the relationship with which the novel starts and which can be regarded as a crucial guideline, a ¿negative touchstone¿ for the further development and interpretation of the novel. In Part II a short overview of the other relationships of the novel is provided. By doing this, their connection with the first relationship will be illustrated, until finally it will be posible to suggest how the characters succeed or fail in the matter of love, which Baldwin conceives as ¿[¿] a journey two people have to make with each other.¿BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Gender Studies, grade: 1,7, Åbo Akademi University, language: English, abstract: In the beginning of the 20th century sexuality in Western culture was considered as a taboo and especially the church acted repressive towards sexual topics. Since the 1960s the term ¿sexual revolution¿ described a cultural change in the western society towards a more liberal view of sexuality, monogamy and sexual relationships. Reasons for that are on the one hand the availability of new methods of birth-control like ¿The Pill¿ and the lack of fear of sexual diseases in the 1960s but on the other hand also a change of thoughts and believes which came up through the students movement of 1968 and its more promiscuous and hedonistic way of live (¿Sex, Drugs & Rock'n Roll¿), which still influences our sexual believes today.To understand the consequences of this development I want to explain the term ¿sexualization of society¿, which describes the constant (or growing) presence of sexuality in public, in social perception and consciousness of the people. It also refers to the focus or emphasis on sexuality within a broader context and viewing an object under the sexual point of view or in terms of sexuality. I want to analyze if a sexualization of society as an example in the case of ¿mainstreaming of pornography¿ really has taken place and in what way this is reflected in pornography and prostitution. Therefore I will also consider the changes in the public opinion towards pornography and I will compare it to prostitution and its role in our society.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Communications - Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing, Social Media, grade: A, Ohio University (E.W. Scripps School of Journalism), course: International and Crosscultural Advertising, language: English, abstract: What started as one of the biggest and most expensive campaigns in the German automobile industry, almost ended in a disaster for the company. The result was the biggest crisis, a German automobile company had ever faced.Mercedes-Benz is a high-class automobile company. Its products stand for luxury, reliability and dependability. But high-class cars are expensive and only affordable for the richer part of society. To keep pace with the fast developing automobile industry all over the world, Mercedes-Benz decided to invent car that reunites all three values, the company embraces. This car ¿ the Mercedes-Benz A-Class ¿ should have another important feature: It is affordable for the middle class.With this car, Mercedes was approaching a new market segment and therefore new target audiences. A campaign, that fits the new car in the overall Mercedes image, was crucial. In May 1996 Mercedes Benz started its huge advertising campaign ¿ almost one and a half years prior to the official product launch on October 18th 1997. More than 100 million Euro will this launching campaign cost the company. Despite that the campaign only ran in the European market, the Mercedes-Benz brand and this specific campaign caught international attention. Newspapers from all over the world accompanied the A-Class until its official launch. These newspapers were also there, when the crisis occurred, that almost harmed the company on a long-term basis.Right after the launch, the car, that was supposed to be innovative, reliable and safe, failed in the so called ¿moose-test¿. After almost two years of positive media coverage, a flood of criticism followed. Due to the high level of awareness for the car, the public was now also aware of the safety issues the Mercedes A-Class had. What followed was another campaign. The goals were to safe the image of the company, to deal with the crisis and to re-launch the A-Class half a year later.The campaign analysis explains why Mercedes had to take the approach and step into the market segment of small cars. In addition, the launching campaign and its four phases: Big Bang, New Perspectives, New Choices, and New Experiences, will be explained in detail. The second part will cover the crisis that occurred after the launch of the A-Class and the re-launch in 1998. Finally, the analysis will show whether this incident harmed the image of the company on a long-term basis, and how advertising influenced this development.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,7, University of Hamburg, language: English, abstract: On June 12, 2.8 million Irish voters got the chance to move the European Union one step further by voting in favour of the Treaty of Lisbon. Ireland was the only European country that allowed its citizens to express their opinion on the Treaty by means of a referendum. Suspense was created by the fact that a non-ratification of only one country was enough to stop the whole treaty. Just a little more than half of the Irish people went to the polls so that eventually 860,000 no votes were enough to obtain a majority. Less than a million people were able stop a treaty which was supposed to make the EU and its institutions, regulations and law finally suitable for 27 member states and 492 million Europeans in a constantly changing world, facing new problems like terrorism and climate change. All member states of the EU had agreed on the Treaty of Lisbon and ratified it as they thought the EU urgently needed a modernisation of the European Institutions. The Treaty of Nice, which forms the present basis of the European Union and goes back to the fifties, and the Treaties of Rome cannot meet this challenge anymore.Ireland is regarded as one of the ¿winners¿ of the European Union. For years, it experienced sustained economic growth, full employment and a rising GDP . Then what could be the reason the majority of the Irish people voted against the Treaty of Lisbon or did not even go to the polls, instead of voting in favour of a treaty that would have improved the strength of the EU to which Ireland owes so much More and more, the European Union struggles with the increasing problem that it has to defend its acceptance to European citizens. People turn away from the Community because they have got the feeling that they are ill-informed and their interests are less represented on the European then on the national level. There are huge divergences in the ideas about the EU, the politicians and the citizens have which has lead to disenchantment with politics. This paper claims that the Irish people did not reject the Treaty of Lisbon itself but were simply not able to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the Treaty of Lisbon because of missing independent information.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Sociology - Habitation, Urban Sociology, grade: 2.0, University of Westminster, language: English, abstract: In the last decade sustainability has become a central topic in discussions of regeneration in the UK and most other places in the world.Heightening awareness of current issues and that of future generations¿ is crucial in making a difference. The concept of sustainability can be applied to most aspects of human living and working. Within this essay co-housing as a form of sustainable communities will be discovered and introduced through a new built development in Gloucestershire, UK.This document seeks to approach this topic from various angles and aims to show weaknesses and strengths of co-housing. It should be highlighted that it is not only new developments where proactive differences need to be made but also within existing developments and houses. I will show that changes and improvements can be made through small or medium interventions.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Scientific Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, , language: English, abstract: Palestinian struggle stood on different ideological platforms. After 1948, it was an articulation of Pan-Arabism. Following the 1967 war, it has been represented by a nationalist territorial vision under the banner of revolutionary struggle. In the late 1980s, the Palestinian Hamas presented an Islamist territorial platform that was antagonistically opposed to secularism. Through the scope of the PLO Charter of 1964, its amendment of 1968 and the Hamas Charter of 1988, this paper examines different visions of Palestinian struggle and explores how they developed. The conclusion offers a brief assessment of the driving forces behind them.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Political systems in general and in comparison, grade: 1,3, University of Nottingham (School of Politics and International Relations), course: Politics and Society in Europe, a comparative approach, language: English, abstract: The emergence of Green parties towards the end of the 1970s was asignificant turning point in the development of party systems in Western Europe.Most of them had been highly stable after World War II until the early 1970s.Therefore, in several countries, the Greens were the first to disrupt the stable partysystems of the 1950s and 60s. But why Green parties And why in the 1970s Andwhy were and are the Greens in some European countries more successful than inothers And why in a few did they almost completely fail The aim of this essay is to find answers to the questions mentioned, exploringwhether value change, party strategy or institutions are the best explanation for thedevelopment of Green parties across Europe. Therefore the essay is divided intotwo main parts. The first rather small one elaborates in which countries in WesternEurope Green parties have played a more or less significant role in the past thirtyyears and in which countries they haven¿t. This is rather a descriptive approachanswering the question of what is to be analysed in the second part. In this secondmore analytical part of the paper, the different approaches to explain theemergence of Green parties - value change, party stretegy or institutions - areexplored searching for the most convincing one.[.]Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Law, grade: 1,3, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg (Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaft), course: Law and Economics, language: English, abstract: Two liability schemes can be used by jurisdictions to ascertain firms comply with environmental protection. Strict liability enforces the companies to use appropriate care. However, the consumers have to be forced to protect themselves, too, by the use of the defence of contributory negligence. Then, the social optimal behaviour of both, the firm and the consumers is reached. As for negligence, this may induce the firm to take appropriate care. However, as wealth among firms is heterogeneous, this does not necessarily hold for all firms. Additionally, negligence induces con-sumers to purchase too much.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, University of Phoenix, language: English, abstract: In today¿s world, businesses are faced with a quickly changing, hyper-competitive environment. Technology has become so intertwined into everyday life that as it is rapidly developed, organizations are forced to either adapt or be forgotten. Competitive advantages for today¿s businesses can often be found in the efficient and effective use of new technologies. Even mature industries and leaders, of those mature industries, that once dominated the marketplace have to adapt or risk falling like Goliath to David.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.