springer berlin heidelberg springer berlin heidelberg jun 1987 (64 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -In 1939, when the electron optics laboratory of Siemens & Halske Inc. began to manufacture the first electron microscopes, the biological and medical profes sions had an unexpected instrument at their disposal which exceeded the reso lution of the light microscope by more than a hundredfold. The immediate and broad application of this new tool was complicated by the overwhelming prob lems inherent in specimen preparation for the investigation of cellular struc tures. The microtechniques applied in light microscopy were no longer appli cable, since even the thinnest paraffin layers could not be penetrated by electrons. Many competent biological and medical research workers expressed their anxiety that objects in high vacuum would be modified due to complete dehydration and the absorbed electron energy would eventually cause degrada tion to rudimentary carbon backbones. It also seemed questionable as to whether it would be possible to prepare thin sections of approximately 0. 5 11m from heterogeneous biological specimens. Thus one was suddenly in posses sion of a completely unique instrument which, when compared with the light microscope, allowed a 10-100-fold higher resolution, yet a suitable preparation methodology was lacking. This sceptical attitude towards the application of electron microscopy in bi ology and medicine was supported simultaneously by the general opinion of colloid chemists, who postulated that in the submicroscopic region of living structures no stable building blocks existed which could be revealed with this apparatus.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 212 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -The continuing success of the VICC's Manual of Clinical Oncology and the continuing refinement of our educational objectives in cancer designed for graduating medical students and young practitioners, cou pled with significant additional knowledge in the cancer field have allIed to the decision to publish a Fourth Edition. The collaboration of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan-American Health Orga nization (PAHO) in our international and regional conferences in cancer education and the development of courses using the Manual as a basic resource have aided further definition of the VICC's role in cancer educa tion throughout the world. Our Revision Committee believes that we have incorporated in this small volume most of the knowledge about cancer which is essential for all students and practioners to know and that we have done so in a clear and concise manner. A large proportion of the material presented herein is devoted to basic aspects, yet presented so that the clinical implications are clear. Although we do not feel that general physicians need to know minor details about all cancers, we feel it is particularly important to be somewhat thorough in our discussions of the more common cancers. We have omitted discussion of the rare cancers, and limited ourselves to the major concepts and princi ples of the less common cancers. 396 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Das Thema der Untersuchung ist die algorithmische Generierung einer natürlichsprachlichen Beschreibung einer Bildfolge, wobei von einer symbolischen Repräsentation der Bildfolge ausgegangen wird, die im wesentlichen die erkannten Objekte, sowie deren Ort und Orientierung für jedes Bild der Folge enthält. Fragen der Textgenerierung werden in umfassender Weise unter dem Aspekt der Beschreibung visueller zeitveränderlicher Daten behandelt, für die ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen kohärenter Beschreibungstexte angegeben wird. Dem Verfahren liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, dem Hörer/Leser den Aufbau einer mentalen Vorstellung von den beschriebenen Bewegungen zu ermöglichen. Insbesondere wird ein Computerprogramm vorgestellt, das NAOS-System, das von der Erkennung von Teilbereichen einer Bildfolge, die durch ein Verb beschrieben werden können, bis zur Ausgabe des kohärenten Beschreibungstextes alle notwendigen Prozesse beispielhaft integriert. NAOS verbindet damit zwei bisher weitgehend separat verfolgte Teilbereiche der Künstlichen Intelligenz, Bildverstehen und Verarbeitung natürlicher Sprache. Die umfassende Behandlung der Fragestellung reicht von der theoretischen Diskussion bis zur praktischen Implementation.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 160 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Das Buch behandelt die Worterkennung in kontinuierlicher Sprache, eine im Rahmen des automatischen Verstehens gesprochener Sprache auftretende und im Gegensatz zur Einzelworterkennung auch heute noch nicht vollständig gelöste Aufgabenstellung. Nach einer einführenden vereinheitlichenden Darstellung einschlägiger Techniken des Mustervergleichs (String Matching, Dynamic Time Warping, Hidden Markov Modelling) für die Erkennung isoliert gesprochener Wörter werden die Ansätze verallgemeinert, so daß Wörter auch in fließender Rede ohne a priori Kenntnis der Wortgrenzen lokalisierbar sind. Mehrere alternative Modelle zur Beschreibung von Lautähnlichkeiten sowie Verfahren zur Gütebewertung der erzeugten Worthypothesen stehen dann im Zentrum der weiterführenden Überlegungen. Im experimentellen Teil ist der Aufbau eines konkreten Systems zur Generierung von Worthypothesen beschrieben, das den Rahmen bildet für die nachfolgenden vergleichenden Untersuchungen, in deren Verlauf bekannte und vom Autor neu entwickelte Verfahren einander kritisch gegenübergestellt werden. Der Leser findet in dem Buch etwa zu gleichen Teilen kritische Aufarbeitung der Standardmethoden, neue Verfahren und die Beschreibung praktischer Erfahrungen bei der Anwendung der Worterkennungsalgorithmen auf große Datenmengen. Anwendungen des Dargestellten sind nicht nur im engeren Bereich der Automatischen Spracherkennung denkbar. Auch in Gegenstandsbereichen, in denen Strukturen sequentiell-linearer Beschaffenheit, etwa zeitabhängiger Muster, eine Rolle spielen, kommt eine Lösung von Klassifikations- und Lokalisierungsproblemen mit Hilfe der beschriebenen Ansätze in Betracht.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 160 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 380 pp. Deutsch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Recently there has been a great deal of interest in the theory of orthogonal polynomials. The number of books treating the subject, however, is limited. This monograph brings together some results involving the asymptotic behaviour of orthogonal polynomials when the degree tends to infinity, assuming only a basic knowledge of real and complex analysis. An extensive treatment, starting with special knowledge of the orthogonality measure, is given for orthogonal polynomials on a compact set and on an unbounded set. Another possible approach is to start from properties of the coefficients in the three-term recurrence relation for orthogonal polynomials. This is done using the methods of (discrete) scattering theory. A new method, based on limit theorems in probability theory, to obtain asymptotic formulas for some polynomials is also given. Various consequences of all the results are described and applications are given ranging from random matrices and birth-death processes to discrete Schrödinger operators, illustrating the close interaction with different branches of applied mathematics. 216 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -WOPPLOT 86 - Workshop on Parallel Processing: Logic, Organization and Technology - gathered together experts from various fields for a broad overview of current trends in parallel processing. There are contributions from logic (e.g., the connection between time and logic, or non-monotonic reasoning); from organizational structure theory (of great importance for pyramid architecture) and structure representation; from intrinsic parallelism and problem classification; from developments in future technologies (3-D Silicon technology, molecular electronics); and from various applications (pattern storage in adaptive memories, simulation of physical systems). The proceedings show clearly that progress in parallel processing is an interdisciplinary goal; they present a cross section of the state of the art as well as of future trends. Furthermore, some contributions (in particular, those from logic and organization) deserve a broader interest also outside the field of parallel processing. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is focused on the performance evaluation of database machines, i.e., special-purpose architectures specifically meant to improve the efficiency of database applications. The topic is of primary interest because of the need to compare these systems among themselves and with traditional database management systems. The book gathers the experience of several European research groups in modeling and analyzing the database machine architectures they have proposed. It deals both with the main methodological issues and with the detailed analysis of some relevant problems. It also includes an extensive annotated bibliography with more than one hundred references and several keys for the access to the literature. 264 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book investigates the problem of translating relational queries into iterative programs using methods and techniques from the areas of functional programming and program transformation. The first part presents two algorithms which generate iterative programs from algebra-based query specifications. While the first algorithm is based on the transformation of recursive programs, the second uses functional expressions to generate the final iterative form. In the second part the same techniques generate efficient programs for the evaluation of aggregate functions in relational database systems. In several steps, programs which perform aggregation after sorting, are transformed into programs which perform aggregation while sorting. The third part then investigates the Lisp-dialect T as a possible implementation language for database systems. The book describes all transformations by transformation rules. The reader can expect a formal treatment of the proposed transformations which provide the basis for proving the correctness of the algorithms and, at the same time, give important insight into the techniques and methods developed for the transformation. Additionally, the high-level, detailed description of the algorithms immediately leads to their implementation and allows their extension to meet new requirements. Overall, the use of transformation rules and transformation methods introduces a new approach to query processing in relational database systems. 148 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the papers presented, and subsequently submitted for publication, at the 5th Logic Programming Conference, held June 23-26, 1986 in Tokyo. Topics covered include Prolog machine architecture, Prolog processors, variations of Prolog language, and applications of Prolog to natural language understanding, and expert systems. Most of the works reported in the volume are related to the Japanese Fifth Generation Computer Project allowing readers to compare results from this project with those from similar projects currently being conducted in other countries. 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book deals with microbial mats, stromatolites and coated grains. Recent and ancient stromatolitic ecosystems are described in peritidal environments, including siliciclastic, carbonaceous and evaporite-dominated back-barrier systems. Various relevant categories were distinguished: - mat-forming microbiota - environmental conditions controlling mat types and lithology - bioturbation and grazing. Recent and ancient microbial mat systems show a latitudinal arrangement which can be used for paleoclimatological and paleogeographical reconstructions. This book should be of special interest to sedimentologists, coastal engineers, ecologists, zoologists, salt plant engineers and marine scientists, as well as to students interested in these fields. 196 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The aim of these series of volumes 'Advances in Petri Nets' is to present to the general computer science community the most significant recent results with regard to the development in the area. The main source of the papers are the annual European Workshops on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets'; the highest ranked papers from the past workshops are considered for the series, i.e., they are again reviewed and accordingly revised or extended. In addition to the workshop papers, the 'Advances' also present invited papers. The present volume Advances in Petri Nets 1987 covers the 7th 'European Workshop on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets' held in Oxford, Great Britain, in June 1986. It also contains a survey on complexity of problems related to Petri nets written by R.R. Howell and L.E. Rosier. A special feature of this volume is a bibliography on Petri nets, containing more than 2000 entries. 464 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This supplement presents the papers submitted at the 27th meeting of the European Society of Toxicology, which was organised by the British Toxicology Society and held in Harrogate, England. As evident from the title of this book, the overall theme of the meeting was an exploration of some of the mechanisms of toxicity, as well as some models used in the investigation of toxic action. The topics dealt with can be grouped under four headings. The first of these, on the mechanisms involved in cell injury, was a joint symposium of the European Society of Toxicology and the Society of Toxicology of the United States of America. In the second group, mechanisms in carcinogen risk assessment were discussed. Mechanisms and models of teratogenesis was the subject of the third group of invited papers. Finally, a workshop on safety evaluation of biotechnological products dealt with present and future problems which this new area of technology poses for toxicologists. Short communications on recent studies and developments in toxicological techniques which were presented at the meeting are also included in this volume. 376 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This research monograph deals with nonlinear evolution operators and semigroups generated by dissipative (accretive), possibly multivalued operators, as well as with the application of this theory to partial differential equations. It shows that a large class of PDE's can be studied via the semigroup approach. This theory is not available otherwise in the self-contained form provided by these Notes and moreover a considerable part of the results, proofs and methods are not to be found in other books. The exponential formula of Crandall and Liggett, some simple estimates due to Kobayashi and others, the characterization of compact semigroups due to Brézis, the proof of a fundamental property due to Ursescu and the author and some applications to PDE are of particular interest. Assuming only basic knowledge of functional analysis, the book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in nonlinear analysis and PDE, and to mathematical physicists. 292 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Ada\* is unquestionably one of the most significant programming languages to emerge in the last decade. The manner of its inception and support by the US Department of Defense (DoD) ensures that it will be used extensively for the indefinite future in programming large and complex systems. The growing availability of compilers means that many organisations are already committed to using the language for sizable and significant applications. As a perhaps inevitable result of its design goals, Ada is a 'large' language. It has Pascal-like control and type constructs; a mechanism for exception handling; a package structure for information hiding, decomposition and separate compilation; facilities for low-level programming; and a tasking model of concurrency. It is perhaps this last area that has generated most debate, criticism and disagreement. The purpose of this book is to review the tasking model in the light of the extensive analysis and comment which has appeared in the literature. The review is necessarily wide-ranging, including discussion of - Ada as a general purpose concurrent programming language, - Ada as a language for embedded and distributed systems, - implementation issues, with particular reference to distributed systems, - formal semantics, specification and verification, - proposed language modifications. By consolidating this discussion within the confines of a single review, potential users of the tasking facility are enabled to familiarise themselves with all the factors which may impinge upon the performance, reliability and correctness of their software. The book also provides a focus for any debate on modifications to the Ada language, or developments from it. 156 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The volume contains new research papers (some of which are of a tutorial nature) on theory and computational methods, oscillatory control, deterministic control of uncertain systems, nonlinear perturbed optimal control, and on control of systems with distributed parameters. 348 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This research monograph deals with nonlinear evolution operators and semigroups generated by dissipative (accretive), possibly multivalued operators, as well as with the application of this theory to partial differential equations. It shows that a large class of PDE's can be studied via the semigroup approach. This theory is not available otherwise in the self-contained form provided by these Notes and moreover a considerable part of the results, proofs and methods are not to be found in other books. The exponential formula of Crandall and Liggett, some simple estimates due to Kobayashi and others, the characterization of compact semigroups due to Brézis, the proof of a fundamental property due to Ursescu and the author and some applications to PDE are of particular interest. Assuming only basic knowledge of functional analysis, the book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in nonlinear analysis and PDE, and to mathematical physicists.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 292 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This book investigates the problem of translating relational queries into iterative programs using methods and techniques from the areas of functional programming and program transformation. The first part presents two algorithms which generate iterative programs from algebra-based query specifications. While the first algorithm is based on the transformation of recursive programs, the second uses functional expressions to generate the final iterative form. In the second part the same techniques generate efficient programs for the evaluation of aggregate functions in relational database systems. In several steps, programs which perform aggregation after sorting, are transformed into programs which perform aggregation while sorting. The third part then investigates the Lisp-dialect T as a possible implementation language for database systems. The book describes all transformations by transformation rules. The reader can expect a formal treatment of the proposed transformations which provide the basis for proving the correctness of the algorithms and, at the same time, give important insight into the techniques and methods developed for the transformation. Additionally, the high-level, detailed description of the algorithms immediately leads to their implementation and allows their extension to meet new requirements. Overall, the use of transformation rules and transformation methods introduces a new approach to query processing in relational database systems.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 148 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This volume represents the edited proceedings of the International Symposium on Mathematical Biology held in Kyoto, November 10-15, 1985. The symposium was or ganized by an international committee whose members are: E. Teramoto, M. Yamaguti, S. Amari, S.A. Levin, H. Matsuda, A. Okubo, L.M. Ricciardi, R. Rosen, and L.A. Segel. The symposium included technical sessions with a total of 11 invited papers, 49 contributed papers and a poster session where 40 papers were displayed. These Proceedings consist of selected papers from this symposium. This symposium was the second Kyoto meeting on mathematical topics in biology. The first was held in conjunction with the Sixth International Biophysics Congress in 1978. Since then this field of science has grown enormously, and the number of scientists in the field has rapidly increased. This is also the case in Japan. About 80 young japanese scientists and graduate students participated this time. . The sessions were divided into 4 ; , categories: 1) Mathematical Ecology and Population Biology, 2) Mathematical Theory of Developmental Biology and Morphogenesis, 3) Theoretical Neurosciences, and 4) Cell Kinetics and Other Topics. In every session, there were stimulating and active discussions among the participants. We are convinced that the symposium was highly successful in transmitting scientific information across disciplines and in establishing fruitful contacts among the participants. We owe this success to the cooperation of all participants.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 364 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This volume contains the papers presented, and subsequently submitted for publication, at the 5th Logic Programming Conference, held June 23-26, 1986 in Tokyo. Topics covered include Prolog machine architecture, Prolog processors, variations of Prolog language, and applications of Prolog to natural language understanding, and expert systems. Most of the works reported in the volume are related to the Japanese Fifth Generation Computer Project allowing readers to compare results from this project with those from similar projects currently being conducted in other countries.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 192 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The volume contains new research papers (some of which are of a tutorial nature) on theory and computational methods, oscillatory control, deterministic control of uncertain systems, nonlinear perturbed optimal control, and on control of systems with distributed parameters.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 348 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The aim of these series of volumes 'Advances in Petri Nets' is to present to the general computer science community the most significant recent results with regard to the development in the area. The main source of the papers are the annual European Workshops on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets'; the highest ranked papers from the past workshops are considered for the series, i.e., they are again reviewed and accordingly revised or extended. In addition to the workshop papers, the 'Advances' also present invited papers. The present volume Advances in Petri Nets 1987 covers the 7th 'European Workshop on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets' held in Oxford, Great Britain, in June 1986. It also contains a survey on complexity of problems related to Petri nets written by R.R. Howell and L.E. Rosier. A special feature of this volume is a bibliography on Petri nets, containing more than 2000 entries.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 464 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This book deals with microbial mats, stromatolites and coated grains. Recent and ancient stromatolitic ecosystems are described in peritidal environments, including siliciclastic, carbonaceous and evaporite-dominated back-barrier systems. Various relevant categories were distinguished: - mat-forming microbiota - environmental conditions controlling mat types and lithology - bioturbation and grazing. Recent and ancient microbial mat systems show a latitudinal arrangement which can be used for paleoclimatological and paleogeographical reconstructions. This book should be of special interest to sedimentologists, coastal engineers, ecologists, zoologists, salt plant engineers and marine scientists, as well as to students interested in these fields.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 196 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This book is focused on the performance evaluation of database machines, i.e., special-purpose architectures specifically meant to improve the efficiency of database applications. The topic is of primary interest because of the need to compare these systems among themselves and with traditional database management systems. The book gathers the experience of several European research groups in modeling and analyzing the database machine architectures they have proposed. It deals both with the main methodological issues and with the detailed analysis of some relevant problems. It also includes an extensive annotated bibliography with more than one hundred references and several keys for the access to the literature.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 264 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -WOPPLOT 86 - Workshop on Parallel Processing: Logic, Organization and Technology - gathered together experts from various fields for a broad overview of current trends in parallel processing. There are contributions from logic (e.g., the connection between time and logic, or non-monotonic reasoning); from organizational structure theory (of great importance for pyramid architecture) and structure representation; from intrinsic parallelism and problem classification; from developments in future technologies (3-D Silicon technology, molecular electronics); and from various applications (pattern storage in adaptive memories, simulation of physical systems). The proceedings show clearly that progress in parallel processing is an interdisciplinary goal; they present a cross section of the state of the art as well as of future trends. Furthermore, some contributions (in particular, those from logic and organization) deserve a broader interest also outside the field of parallel processing.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -This supplement presents the papers submitted at the 27th meeting of the European Society of Toxicology, which was organised by the British Toxicology Society and held in Harrogate, England. As evident from the title of this book, the overall theme of the meeting was an exploration of some of the mechanisms of toxicity, as well as some models used in the investigation of toxic action. The topics dealt with can be grouped under four headings. The first of these, on the mechanisms involved in cell injury, was a joint symposium of the European Society of Toxicology and the Society of Toxicology of the United States of America. In the second group, mechanisms in carcinogen risk assessment were discussed. Mechanisms and models of teratogenesis was the subject of the third group of invited papers. Finally, a workshop on safety evaluation of biotechnological products dealt with present and future problems which this new area of technology poses for toxicologists. Short communications on recent studies and developments in toxicological techniques which were presented at the meeting are also included in this volume.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 376 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -Ada\* is unquestionably one of the most significant programming languages to emerge in the last decade. The manner of its inception and support by the US Department of Defense (DoD) ensures that it will be used extensively for the indefinite future in programming large and complex systems. The growing availability of compilers means that many organisations are already committed to using the language for sizable and significant applications. As a perhaps inevitable result of its design goals, Ada is a 'large' language. It has Pascal-like control and type constructs; a mechanism for exception handling; a package structure for information hiding, decomposition and separate compilation; facilities for low-level programming; and a tasking model of concurrency. It is perhaps this last area that has generated most debate, criticism and disagreement. The purpose of this book is to review the tasking model in the light of the extensive analysis and comment which has appeared in the literature. The review is necessarily wide-ranging, including discussion of - Ada as a general purpose concurrent programming language, - Ada as a language for embedded and distributed systems, - implementation issues, with particular reference to distributed systems, - formal semantics, specification and verification, - proposed language modifications. By consolidating this discussion within the confines of a single review, potential users of the tasking facility are enabled to familiarise themselves with all the factors which may impinge upon the performance, reliability and correctness of their software. The book also provides a focus for any debate on modifications to the Ada language, or developments from it.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 156 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In opto-electronics and microwave technology, new research results are translated into technological developments and applications at a breathtaking pace. This congress and trade fair, held bienniallys since 1973, covers a broad spectrum of latest advances in laser technology, opto-electronics, and for the first time, microwave technology. The fundamental physical principles are explained in basic-level seminars, panel lectures provide an overview of major spezialized fields, and the latest results are described in individual lectures. This volume deals with the 12 papers presented at the Microwave Congress. 132 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Like many other new technologies which have since been seized and exploited by others, the industrial robot is a British invention. In 1957, a patent was produced by a British inventor, Cyril Walter Kenward, and later it became crucial to the future of robotics. For across the Atlantic two robot builders, Unimation and AMF, both infringed this patent and ultimately a cash settlement was made to Kenward. The owner of Unimation Inc. was Joseph Engelberger, an entrepreneur and avid reader of Isaac Asimov, the writer who helped to create the image of the benevolent robot. It is claimed that Engelberger's journey of fame down the road which led to him being hailed as the 'father of robotics' can be traced to the day that he met George C. Devol at a cocktail party. Devol was an inventor with an impressive list of patents to his name in the electronics field. One of Devol's patent applications referred to a Programmed Transfer Article. Devol's patent was issued in 1961 as US Patent 2,988,237, and this formed the basis of the Unimate robot which first saw the light of day in 1960. The first Unimate was sold to Ford Motor Company which used it to tend a die-casting machine. It is perhaps ironic that the first robot was used by a company which refused to recognise the machine as a robot, preferring instead to call it a Universal Transfer Device. 244 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In 1939, when the electron optics laboratory of Siemens & Halske Inc. began to manufacture the first electron microscopes, the biological and medical profes sions had an unexpected instrument at their disposal which exceeded the reso lution of the light microscope by more than a hundredfold. The immediate and broad application of this new tool was complicated by the overwhelming prob lems inherent in specimen preparation for the investigation of cellular struc tures. The microtechniques applied in light microscopy were no longer appli cable, since even the thinnest paraffin layers could not be penetrated by electrons. Many competent biological and medical research workers expressed their anxiety that objects in high vacuum would be modified due to complete dehydration and the absorbed electron energy would eventually cause degrada tion to rudimentary carbon backbones. It also seemed questionable as to whether it would be possible to prepare thin sections of approximately 0. 5 11m from heterogeneous biological specimens. Thus one was suddenly in posses sion of a completely unique instrument which, when compared with the light microscope, allowed a 10-100-fold higher resolution, yet a suitable preparation methodology was lacking. This sceptical attitude towards the application of electron microscopy in bi ology and medicine was supported simultaneously by the general opinion of colloid chemists, who postulated that in the submicroscopic region of living structures no stable building blocks existed which could be revealed with this apparatus. 212 pp. Englisch.