springer chapman and hall crc feb 2012 (78 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There has been a significant surge of interest in the study of the physiology and biochemistry of plant host-parasite interactions in recent years, as evidenced by the number of research papers currently being published on the subject. The in creased interest is probably based on the evidence that effective management of many plant diseases is, for the most part, contingent upon a clear understanding of the nature of host-parasite interactions. This intensified research effort calls for a greater number of books, such as this one, designed to compile, synthesize, and evaluate widely scattered pieces of information on this subject. The study of host-parasite interactions concerns the struggle between plants and pathogens, which has been incessant throughout their coevolution. Such in teractions are often highly complex. Pathogens have developed sophisticated of fensive systems to parasitize plants, while plants have evolved diversified defen sive strategies to ward off potential pathogens. In certain cases, the outcome of a specific host-parasite interaction seems to depend upon the presence or efficacy of the plant's defense system. A plant may become diseased when a parasite manages to invade it, unhindered by preexisting defense systems and/or without eliciting the plant's induced resistance response(s). Absence of disease may re flect the inability of the invading pathogen to overcome the plant's defense sys tem(s). 308 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is intended to educate the primary health care provider about sexually transmitted and related diseases as they present in homosexually active men. But why a book discussing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in this population only Surely STDs are not limited to homosexual males. The relatively high rates of incidence of many of these diseases among homosexually active men, however, and the large number of associated diagnostic and treatment problems have necessitated the collection into one volume of the information that is par ticularly relevant to the primary health care of this population. A book dealing with current trends in the diagnosis and treatment of sexual diseases can, by nature of the task, be neither encyclopedic nor all-encompassing. In this volume, the choice of disease entities and the amount of material included on each are based on consideration of the amount of current information and the relative degree of uniqueness of a given problem in homosexual men, rather than the absolute frequency of the disease. There is, therefore, a considerable amount of material on hepatitis B and gonococcal infections, reflecting the recent explosion of research and clinical investigation in these two areas. In contrast, little is said about nonspecific urethritis, chancroid, and lymphogranuloma ve nereum. In the case of nonspecific urethritis, although it is extremely common in homosexual men, little progress has been made in diagnosis or therapy. 296 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Noncrystalline (NC) solids, as is well known, lack the long range order of crystals. Accordingly, they exhibit scattering, e.g., x-ray, electron, and neutron, but not the diffraction patterns characteristic of crystals. The intensity distributions from NC solids are usually transformed into radial distribution functions (RDF), but the interpretation of the RDF's is not unique. The lack of long-range order, and the non-uniqueness of the structural interpretation, have constituted the main obstacles to the usual solid state physics approach which has been so successful in dealing with crystals. As a corrolary, questions of local order and structure have frequently been de-emphasized. This monograph contains a collection of chapters many of which emphasize local-structure and chemical bonding as opposed to long-range order. Most of the chapters were chosen from talks given at the international symposium, 'Structure and Bonding in Noncrystalline Solids,' held in Reston, Virginia in May of 1983. Other chapters, however, were simply submitted independently of the Reston conference. Thus, this book is not a proceedings of that conference, nor was it ever intended to be. The chapters presented here range from theory of bonding and structure, to structurally oriented measurements of various kinds, e.g., ESR, Raman, to more applied chapters. Our goal was to produce a monograph that enhances understanding of the structures of NC solids. 460 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There have been significant changes in the academic environment and in the workplace related to computing. Further changes are likely to take place. At Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the manner in which the subject of heat transfer is presented is evolving so as to accommodate to and, indeed, to participate in, the changes. One obvious change has been the introduction of the electronic calcula tor. The typical engineering student can now evaluate logarithms, trigonomet ric functions, and hyperbolic functions accurately by pushing a button. Teaching techniques and text presentations designed to avoid evaluation of these functions or the need to look them up in tables with associated interpolation are no longer necessary. Similarly, students are increasingly proficient in the use of computers. At RPI, every engineering student takes two semesters of computing as a fresh man and is capable of applying the computer to problems he or she encoun ters. Every student is given personal time on the campus computer. In addition, students have access to personal computers. In some colleges, all engineering students are provided with personal computers, which can be applied to a variety of tasks. 440 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Considering the enormous progress achieved in some special areas of superconductivity during the last few years, it seemed worthwhile to discuss thoroughly a subject, which has encountered severe pro blems on the theoretical and the experimental side, namely the effects of the anisotropic electron and phonon properties of (single crystalline) materials on the characteristic features of the super conducting state. The fact that the majority of scientists actively engaged in this research field at present were brought together at the meeting, has led to an almost complete coverage of the pertinent topics in this volume. Six review papers discuss the development and the present state of theory and experiment concerning the anisotropies of the upper critical field and the magnetization as well as the flux line lattice and the superconducting energy gap. Furthermore, 18 papers present the most recent research on these properties and additional anisotropy effects associated with the intermediate state patterns or the specific heat. Concerning the magnetic properties, remarkable agreement between theory and experiment has been achieved; on the other hand, controversial views regarding the existence of anisotropy in the superconducting energy gap are presented. In both cases, how ever, theorists and experimentalists are still confronted with a number of open questions. It is the purpose of this book to draw the attention of scientists to these fascinating problems. Harald W. 324 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Second Hidden Peak Symposium on Computer-Enhanced Analytical Spectroscopy, held in June, 1988, at the Snowbird Resort (Salt Lake City, Utah), centered around twelve keynote lectures delivered by some of the foremost experts and pioneers in this rapidly expanding field. The editor is highly indebted to each of these colleagues for contributing a chapter to the second volume of Computer-Enhanced Analytical Spec troscopy. The primary objective of this volume is to present a repre sentative cross-section of current activities in the field while balancing out the lighter coverage of some topics and areas in Volume 1. An exciting new topic, remote IR sensing, is covered in Chapters 4 and 5. Deconvolution and signal-processing methods have now been extended to UV/VIS (Chapter 1) and GC/MS (Chapter 3) applications. Furthermore, the development and testing of novel factor analysis techniques in the areas of UV /VIS and IR spectroscopy are discussed in Chapters 2 and 12, respectively. Fundamental aspects of library search techniques are presented in Chapters 7 (MS) and 9 (NMR). Chapters 6, 10, and 11 cover selected uses of expert systems in NMR, IR, and MS, respectively. Finally, an integrated expert system approach to the interpretation of GC/IR/MS data is outlined in Chapter 8. In an attempt to facilitate access to the various topics for the newcomer to the field, the twelve chapters have been organized into two main parts: Unsupervised Methods: Spectral Enhancement, Deconvolu tion, and Data Reduction, and Supervised Methods: Expert Systems, Modeling, and Quantitation. 340 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The development of the modern organic insecticides has contri buted a major chapter to the history of neurotoxicants. From their roots in the organochlorines and organophosphates discovered prior to and during the Second World War, to the carbamates developed in the 1950's, and most recently to the extremely potent and promising synthetic pyrethroids, the most important organic insecticides have been those whose wite of action lies within the nervous system. In this regard, man is only mimicking nature in attacking the nervous system with lethal intent since potent neurotoxins are cornmon compo nents of the venoms with which animals of all types defend themselves and subdue their prey. This central role of the nervous sytem as a broad target for pesticides may also be projected into the future - a prediction to which this volume is devoted. The nervous system in its diversity is likely to be of central concern to those charged with discovering novel pesticides whether they be modifications of familiar chemical groups or structurally novel neurotoxicants such as the nitromethyl ene insecticides described here. On a second front, the ability to influence insect behavior through the nervous system will become increasingly important in pest management. Pheromones represent one obvious example of this; recent work described in this volume indi cates that the forrnamidine pesticides may represent another. 300 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume records the proceedings of, and the papers read at, an international conference to consider the use of electronic data processing methods in the major taxonomic plant collections of Europe, primarily herbaria but also living collections. This conference took place at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, from 3rd to 6th October, 1973. It was attended by some 90 delegates, observers and speakers, mainly from a wide range of the major European herbaria, but also from other interested institutions. The problem to be discussed was a big one. Taxonomic collections of the sorts mentioned above constitute the main centres for the scientific documentation of the flora of the world. With the extinction of so many species more or less imminently threatened, and with the modification or disappearance of so many vegetation types through the activities of man, the information contained in these collections grows in importance. Their aggregate size, in Europe, has been estimated at between 50 and 100 millions, and these are annually augmented at a rapid rate. Each specimen or living plant comprises a source of evidence and information represented both by the specimen itself and the associated information provided by the collector and subsequent investigators - identifications, field notes, records of subsequent research, etc. This associated information is known as the label data. Research on the taxonomy and geographical distribution of plants usually requires data from specimens stored in a number of institutions in different countries. 228 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The International Workshop on 'The Use of Super computers in Theoretical Science' took place from July 30 till August 1, 1984, at the Conference Center of the 'Priorij Corsendonk', close to the city of Antwerpen, Belgium. During the past decade computational science has developed itself to a third methodology besides the experimental and theoretical sciences. This remarkable evolution was only possible due to a drastic increase of the computational power of present day computers. Indeed, computational physics and chemistry as such is certainly not new, but it was only during the past ten years or so that realistic problems could be solved numerically to a sufficient degree of accuracy. During this workshop the state-of-the-art in high speed computation was presented by a team of lecturers who are well known for their competence in this field. It is a pleasure to thank several organizations and companies who made this workshop possible. First of all, the main sponsors: the Belgian National Science Found ation (NFWO-FNRS) and the 'Universitaire Instelling Ant werpen'. Next, the co-sponsors: Agfa-Gevaert N. V., Control Data Belgium and the Belgian Ministry of Education. Special thanks are due to Dr. P.E. Van Camp and Drs. H. Nachtegaele for the practical organization of this workshop. I would also like to thank Mrs. H. Evans for typing the manuscripts and for preparing the author and subject index. v Last but not least I express my gratitude to Mr. 240 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This monograph is an attempt to present in a concise manner those aspects of the electrolytic growth of crystals considered to be of basic mechanistic significance. The accent has been put consistently on the understanding of the physical models of the processes discussed. Out of the extensive amount of information in this field, the authors have tried to abstract those systems which can be considered central, and which can, therefore, be related to the basic concepts connected with the electrodeposition of metals. In particular, stress has been laid upon consideration of atomic movements -of ions and molecules in solution, of adsorbed substances on the surface of metals, of steps on a growing crystal. Although the main stress is upon the physical picture, a number of derivations have been presented in detail. It is assumed that the reader is familiar to some degree with the concepts of electrodics; in particular, frequent reference is made to models of the electrical double layer at the metal solution interface and the transfer of charged species across it. 168 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Forensic toxicology has progressed rapidly and diversified greatly in recent years. The members of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists provide a valuable service through the association's bulletin. In its pages members hear of new poisons as they are encountered and the analytical techniques used to deal with them. There is a wealth of information in the form of case reports which is used to assist with the interpretation of the results. Each year the members have the opportunity of meeting in Europe. In 1979 the chosen venue was the University of Glasgow and the meeting was hosted by the Department of Forensic Medicine and Science. The department was established by Royal Charter in 1839 within a few years of the beginning of the modern approach to toxicology. In those early years the function of the department was to teach forensic medicine and toxicology. Today the department has become a recognised centre for the teaching of forensic medicine. The toxicology section has expanded greatly to provide the best forensic and environmental toxicology in Scotland. Inorganic analytical facilities are available for the investigation of metallic poisons by atomic absorption spectrometry, neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence and anodic stripping voltametry. Organic analytical toxicology is pursued using gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, immunoassays, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Apart from the normal research and routine investigations of a toxicological laboratory the department specialises in the investigation of fire related deaths, solvent abuse (glue sniffing) and trace element studies in human subjects. 324 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Dr. Hueck explains in the 'History and Development of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop' some ideas on the genesis of the Workshop. The reader should understand that this volume is a preliminary analysis of a problem that has not received much attention. The case histories, for example, are illustrative because one volume cannot include all histories, or even those in Europe. Consequently, case histories are lacking on many parts of the world, including central Europe and North America, not because these are unimportant or less disastrous ecologically than the case histories covered, but because selecting only a few illustrative cases was possible. The geographic and ecological coverage was originally much broader, but, unfortunately, some participants were unable to attend and this resulted in an even more skewed distribution geographically. However, participants generally agreed that the information necessary to analyze the problem was covered in sufficient depth by those in attendance and that other case histories would have been interesting, but would probably not have caused substantive changes in the conclusions or recommendations. The Workshop organizers did not selectively choose people, companies, or countries to the exclusion of others. The committee selected a broad array of people, countries, and industries, and the participants were those able to corne, prepare a manuscript, and meet the other conditions. Thus, what appears to be a skewed distribution was not planned as such, but was the consequence of people being unable to attend for various reasons. 176 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Conference on the Benthic Boundary Layer was held under the auspices of the NATO Science Committee as part of its continuing effort to promote the useful progress of science through international cooperation. Science Committee Conferences are deliberately designed to focus attention on unsolved problems, with carefully selected participants invited to provide complementary expertise from a variety of relevant disciplines. Through inten sive discussion in small groups they seek to reach a consensus on assessments and recommendations for future research emphasis, which it is hoped will be of value to the larger scientific community. The subjects treated over the past few years have been as varied as science itself-e.g., computer software engineering, chemical catalysis, and materials and energy research. The present effort evolved from informal discussions between marine geolo gists, chemists, and biologists which underlined the desirability of improved communication among those concerned with the benthic layer. In both scien tific and technological terms this is an exciting frontier, rich in promise but poorly understood at present. It is particularly striking to realize that there are at least as many definitions of the benthic layer as there are disciplines involved, and it seemed clear that there was much to be gained by a detailed exchange of views on research capabilities, trends, and priorities. The results of the meeting appear to have confirmed the hopes of the sponsors. 336 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Permanent Commission and International Association on Occupational Health (PCIAOH) established in 1969 a Subcommittee on the Toxicology of Metals under the chairmanship of Lars Friberg. This committee, which later was named the Scientific Committee on the Toxicology of Metals, has organized a number of previous meetings that have led to publications in three major areas of metal toxicology: a preliminary meeting in Slanchev Bryag, Bulgaria in- 1971, followed by a meeting in 1972 in Buenos Aires, Argentina which produced two reports (Dukes and Friberg, 1971; Task Group on Metal Accumulation, 1973), that discussed the metabolism of metals with special reference to absorption, excretion and biological half-times. The effects and dose-response relationships of toxic metals, including a discussion of general principles, was the second major topic addressed by the Scientific Committee at a meeting in Tokyo in 1974 (Nordberg, 1976). The philosophy of this conference, as well as the previous one in Buenos Aires, was based on the concept of a 'threshold dose' for the occurrence of adverse effects. In a conference held in Atlanta, USA in 1980, the scope of discussion on metal effects was broadened to include the role of metals in carcinogenesis. Thus, for the first time, the Scientific Committee took under consideration the possibility of non-threshold relationships (Belman and Nordberg, 1981). In addition, the Scientific Committee on the Toxicology of Metals organized a workshop on metal interactions in Stockholm 1977 (Nordberg et al. 864 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -I welcome the privilege of writing some words of introduction to this important book. Its authors have been courageous in bringing together in one text a triad of topics that cover such large tracts of biomedical sciences as epidemiology, biochemistry, immunology, and clinical medicine. Malnutrition and infection are known to be closely linked, the one promoting the other. The adaptive immune system forms a part of the link since it is responsible for a good deal of defense against infection, and it may be affected adversely by malnutrition and indeed by infection itself. Knowledge in this complex field is of great potential importance because malnutri tion and infection are such dominant features of the ill-health of many of the world's underprivileged people. As this book shows, there is no lack of technical facets for study. There are now so many components of the immune response which can be measured or assessed and so many aspects of nutritional biochemistry which can be studied that the problem is to select what to study and where to begin. Moreover, the great number of variables in the nature of nutritional deficiencies, in types of infections or multiple infections and in the genetic, environmental, and social background of the affected people, all combine to make interpretation and application of findings a speculative business. Descriptions of cause and effect must us ually be provisional rather than definitive. 268 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is unclear, and really no longer relevant, whether the information explosion that we now contend with has been fostered by the growth of specialization and subspecialization in medicine, or vice versa. What is clear is that the two are mutually supportive and constitute what would be in endocrine parlance a short-loop positive feedback system. As a result, for most areas of medicine, even the subspecialist in that area has a problem in maintaining currency, the more general specialist has substan tial difficulty in doing so, and the generalist is tempted to abandon the effort altogether. Nevertheless, for all, both the internal pressures of conscience and self-esteem and the external pressures generated by peer review, recertifi cation, and subspecialty boards create the need for continuous self-educa tion. We are, therefore, in an era in which the means of dissemination of new information deserves as much creative attention as does its acquisition. 348 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It is most appropriate that the first volume to appear in the series 'Advanced Applications in Pattern Recognition' should be this monograph by Nagao and Matsuyama. The work described here is a deep unification and synthesis of the two fundamental approaches to pat tern recognition: numerical (also known as 'statistical') and struc tural ('linguistic,' 'syntactic'). The power and unity of the meth odology flow from the apparently effortless and natural use of the knowledge-base framework illuminated by the best results of artificial intelligence research. An integral part of the work is the algorithmic solution of many hitherto incompletely or clumsily treated problems. It was on the occasion of a laboratory visit in connection with the 4th IJCPR (of ~hich Professor Nagao was the very able Program Chairman) that I saw in operation the system described here. On the spot I expressed the desire to see the work described for the inter national technical audience in this series and the authors were kind enough to agree to contribute to a new and unknown series. With the publication of this monograph on the eve of the 5th ICPR my wish is fu1fi11~d. I want to thank here the authors and Plenum Publishing Corporation for making this volume and the series a reality. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the 1970's a theory of data ~ases began to evolve pro viding a foundation for some existing tools and techniques. The significance of this theory is beginning to have an impact particu larly with respect to the design and implementation of the relational model of data bases. To further the state of the art in the theory of data bases, a workshop was held in TOulouse, France on December 12-14, 1979. The workshop was a sequel to one held two years previously and entitled, 'Logic and Data Base Workshop'. As with the earlier work shop, the meetings were conducted at the centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de l'Ecole Nationale Superieure de l'Aeronautique et de l'Espace de Toulouse (C.E.R.T). We are pleased to acknowledge the financial support received from the Direction des Recherches, Etudes et Techniques d'Armement (D.R.E.T.), and from C.E.R.T. that made the workshop possible. 444 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -One Introduction to Robotics.- Two What is a Robot .- Background.- Definitions.- Robot.- Sensing.- Programming.- Types of Automation.- Hard Automation.- Flexible Automation.- Classification of Robots.- First Generation Robots.- Second Generation Robots.- Cost Limitations.- Social Implications.- Humans Versus Robots.- Three The Mechanical Arm.- Overview.- Types of Joints.- Prismatic Joints.- Revolute Joints.- Ball and Socket Joints.- Degrees of Freedom.- Classification of Robots by Type of Joint.- Cartesian Robots.- Cylindrical Robots.- Spherical Robots.- Horizontal Articulated Robots.- Vertical Articulated Robots.- Comparison of Robot Work Envelopes.- Cartesian Robots.- Cylindrical Robots.- Spherical Robots.- Horizontal Articulated Robots.- Vertical Articulated Robots.- Suitability for Particular Tasks.- Link Construction.- Robot Arm Drive Units.- Revolute and Prismatic Drive.- Electric, Hydraulic, and Pneumatic Drive.- Electric Drive.- Hydraulic Drive.- Pneumatic Drive.- Direct and Indirect Drive.- Four The Robot Controller.- Robot Control Levels.- Actuator Control.- Closed-Loop Control.- Encoders and Tachometers.- Coordinated Control.- Path Control.- Point-to-Point Control.- Continuous Path Control.- Off-Line Programming Control and Real-Time Control.- Off-Line Programming Control.- Real-Time Control.- Controller Programming.- User Program.- Controller Software.- Five Robot Teaching Methods.- Preview.- Teaching Methods.- Teach-In.- Teach-Through.- Teach-Through Using a Force Sensor.- Teaching by Means of Other Sensors.- Programming Methods.- Definition of Coordinates by the Computer.- Shifting Coordinate Systems.- Use of Vision Sensor and Pointer.- World Modeling.- Comparison of Teaching and Programming Methods.- Six The End Effector.- Two-Finger Grippers.- Three-Finger Grippers.- Cylindrical Object Grippers.- Fragile Object Grippers.- Jointed Grippers.- Vacuum and Electromagnetic Grippers.- Automatic Gripper Changers.- Seven Integration and Operation of Robot Subsystems.- A Robot Task.- Placing block 2 on block 1.- Placing block 3 on block 2.- Implementation of the series.- Eight Industrial Applications of Robots.- Industrial Applications.- Press Loading and Unloading.- Die Casting.- Machine Tool Loading and Unloading.- Spot Welding.- Arc Welding.- Spray Painting.- Assembly.- Finishing.- Adapting Robots to Work Stations.- Requisite Robot Characteristics.- Work Envelope.- Payload.- Degrees of Freedom.- Resolution, Precision and Repeatability.- Coordination and Synchronization with Peripheral Equipment.- Non-Requisite Robot Characteristics.- Velocity of Motion.- Types of Drive.- Control and Teaching Methods.- Stages in Selecting Robots for Industrial Application.- Work Envelope.- Payload.- Degrees of Freedom.- Resolution, Precision and Repeatability 150 Coordination and Synchronization with Peripheral Equipment.- Non-Requisite Robot Characteristics.- Nine Sensors and Sensing.- Artificial Intelligence.- Human Versus Artificial Senses.- Sensor Types.- Contact Sensors.- Single-Contact Sensors.- Multiple-Contact Sensing Surfaces.- Contact Sheets.- Slipping Sensors.- Whiskers.- Force and Moment Sensors.- Force and Moment Sensor Applications.- Use of Force and Moment Sensors in Finishing Applications.- Problems in the use of Force and Moment Sensors.- Non-Contact Sensors.- Identification of a Part with a Single Detector.- Sensing Array (Line) Identification.- Sensing Matrix Camera (Surface).- Identification.- Ten Future Developments.- Preview.- Unmanned Factories.- Personal Robots.- Man-Machine Communications.- Artificial Bodies.- Conclusion. 236 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -For my past sins, Leslie Ettre has given me the privilege of writing a few words to preface his excellent little book. It gives me great pleasure to do so, because of the many years of fruitful collabo ration we have had at Perkin-Elmer, because it is refreshing to see a treatise in gas chromatography in which the theoretical treatment has been bared to its essentials, without a mushrooming of formulae which, by means of an ever increasing number of parameters, account for more and more, and explain less and less, and because the author has recognized that the gas chromatographic column is a nearly passive element in its own right which deserves to have a treatise written nearly exclusively about it, just as electrical circuit theory can be discussed without elaborate references to vacuum tubes and meters. I wish this conscientiously written volume the success it deserves. M. J. E. GOLAY VII Preface Gas chromatography is a separation technique used primarily in analytical chemistry. Therefore, it is evident that special emphasis should be placed on that particular part of the apparatus in which the separation takes place. This part is the column, the heart of the gas chromatograph. The goal of researchers in the field of gas chromatography has been-from the beginning-to understand the separation process so that they might design columns with the best possible performance. Such investigation led M. J. E. 188 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Thus far in the history of biology, two, and only two, fundamental principles have come to light that pervade and unify the entire science-the cell theory and the concept of evolution. While it is true that recently opened fields of inves tigation have given rise to several generalizations of wide impact, such as the universality of DNA and the energetic dynamics of ecology, closer inspection reveals them to be part and parcel of either of the first two mentioned. Because in the final analysis energy can act upon an organism solely at the cellular level, its effects may be perceived basically to represent one facet of cell me tabolism. Similarly, because the DNA theory centers upon the means by which cells build proteins and reproduce themselves, it too proves to be only one more, even though an exciting, aspect of the cell theory. In fact, if the matter is given closer scrutiny, evolution itself can be viewed as being a fundamental portion of the cell concept, for its effects arise only as a consequence of changes in the cell's genetic apparatus accumulating over geological time. Or, if one wishes, the diametrically opposite standpoint may be taken. For, if current concepts of the origin of life hold any validity, the evolution of precellular organisms from the primordial biochemicals must have proceeded over many eons of time prior to the advent of even the most primitive cell. 720 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -According to the classical concept of Geoffrey Harris the pituitary gland is controlled by the brain by means of blood-borne chemical messengers produced by central neurons. The recent isolation and structural characterization of several such messengers by Roger Guillemin and Andrew Schally and their collaborators brought the final proof for this hypothesis. This also meant that the extensive knowledge collected in the field of neurobiology now became highly relevant for the endocrinologists. For this reason it was felt important to organize a symposium which brought together experts in the fields of neurobiology and endocrinology. The idea was to focus the attention on neuronal mechanisms, particularly those related to chemical transmission, which may be of importance for the central regulation of hormonal secretion patterns. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Nobel Founda tion for supporting the organization of the Nobel Symposium 42 on 'Principles of the Central Regulation of the Endocrine System'. We would also like to express our thanks to all participants, to Professor Carl-Gustaf Bernhard, Permanent Secretary of the Royal Academy of Sciences, for making the facilities of the Academ- available to us, and to the Symposium secretaries Mrs. Gun Hultgren, Mrs. Lena Persson and Mrs. Ulla-Britt Wedin. It is a pleasure to acknowledge the generous financial support from the Nobel Foundation and its Nobel Symposium Committee through grants from the Tercentenary Foundation of the Bank of Sweden, and from the Swedish Medical Research Council, KABI AB, Stockholm, and ASTRA AB, Sodertalje. 572 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume derives from papers presented at the 4th biennial meeting of the Italian Biophysical Society, held in Parma in October 1979. It includes review lectures presented by guest scientists (R.H. Adrian, E. Neher, S. Ottolenghi, and G. Zaccai); the remaining reviews and papers present some of the problems currently under study in our country. One can see that biophysical problems are studied under differ ent academic roofs, i.e., at physiological or biochemical departments. We consider this a strength and a weakness at the same time. The 'Italian Bioenergetics Group' contributed to the success of the meeting, as much as the groups working in various laboratories of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, in particular those of the National Group of Cybernetics and Biophysics. To them, and to the University of Parma, which contributed financial and organiza tional support, the Editors of this volume wish to express their appreciation. Particular thanks are to Drs. E. Carbone and V. Lenci, who spent time and effort for the meeting and in collecting the papers. The special care in the typing goes to the credit of Miss Rampello, to whom the Editors express their deepest gratitude. 380 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The clinical trials program of anti-tumor drugs was started by the National Cancer Institute in 1955. In the past 15 years, this national network has collected a large body of data on all of the recognized anti-tumor drugs as well as upon new, experimentally promising agents. While the most important of these studies have been published, there has remained a wealth of data not generally available to the scientific community. Drs. Carter and Livingston have not only succeeded in organ~z~ng this large corpus, they have in addition analyzed and interpreted the clinical data in a way that will be highly useful for years to come. From a perusal of this volume it becomes apparent that some drugs are more active against certain tumors than had been realized; that the evidence for the activity of certain drugs against specific tumors is sometimes tenuous; surprisingly, that some highly active agents have never been tried against some of the fairly common tumors. Their monumental work has provided not only access to the hard data, it has also shown the need for research to fill in important gaps in our knowledge. The authors and the IFI/Plenum Press are to be congratulated for this useful and important work. C. Gordon Zubrod, M. D. Scientific Director for Chemotherapy National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland v Acknowledgment The authors wish to thank Dr. C. Gordon Zubrod and Dr. 420 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the proceedings of a workshop which was held in Brussels during the month of August 1989. A strong motivation for organizing this workshop was to bring together people who have been involved in the microscopic simulation of phenomena occuring on 'large' space and time scales. Indeed, results obtained in the last years by different groups tend to support the idea that macroscopic behavior already appears in systems small enough so as to be modelled by a collection of interacting particles on a (super) computer. Such an approach is certainly desirable to study situations where no satisfactory phenomenological theory is known to hold, or where solutions of the equations are too hard to obtain numerically. It is also interesting from a more fundamental point of view, namely the investigation of the limits of validity of the macroscopic description itself. The main technique used in bridging the gap between the macro and micro worlds has been the molecular dynamics simulations, that is the numerical solution of the equations of motion of the model particles which constitute the system under study, a gas, a liquid or even a solid. However, this technique is by no means the only one. 388 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book is the product of the Conference on Nutrition and Human Reproduction, supported and organized by the National Insti tutes of Child Health and Human Development, and held at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, in February 1977. The genesis of this Conference came from the work of the Subcommittee on Nutrition and Fertility of the Committee on International Nutrition Programs of the National Research Council. The purpose of the Conference was to assemble scientists and program planners from a broad range of fields including nutrition, epidemiology, demography, endocrinology, sociology, economics, anthropology, biostatistics and public health. Each individual brought his or her analytical skills and perspective to the meeting, with the goal of developing a more coherent picture of the many facets of nutrition and reproduction. The approach was to get a more comprehensive view by: 1. Clarifying terminology and definitions. 2. Reviewing recent and current work on the biological basis for nutrition-fertility interactions. 3. Reviewing biomedical and socioeconomic factors related to breast-feeding to assess how this practice relates to maternal and infant nutrition and fertility. 4. Assessing some current analytical models for defining nutrition-fertility interrelationships. 5. Reviewing recent field studies from Africa, Asia and Latin America which are examining the interrelationships of nutrition and reproduction. 528 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Information systems science is advancing in many directions with rapid strides. Many diversified ideas, methodologies, and techniques have been conceived and developed for improving the design of information systems and for inventing new methods for solving complex information problems. This volume, the seventh of a continuing series on information systems science, covers five timely topics which are in the mainstream of current interest in this growing field. In each chapter, an attempt is made to famil iarize the reader with some basic background information on the advances discussed, so that this volume may be used independently or in conjunction with the previous volumes. The emphasis in this volume is centered upon diagnosis for digital systems, distributed information networks, micro computer technology, and data structures for pattern recognition. In recent years, digital systems have found widespread applications in on-line real-time processing. Such applications demand high reliability, availability, and serviceability. Reliability may be improved through the use of highly reliable parts. Improvement in integrity may be accompanied by retry operation and redundant configuration. Serviceability may be improved by making use of fault diagnosis techniques. Chapter 1 is devoted to this important subject. Fault diagnosis techniques are developed to improve serviceability and to shorten mean time for repair. Kitamura, Tashiro, and Inagaki discuss many recent methods for fault diagnosis and explain them with illustrative examples. 328 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book contains papers on sparse matrices and their appli cations which were presented at a Symposium held at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York on September 9-10, 1971. This is a very active field of research since efficient techniques for handling sparse matrix calculations are an important aspect of problem solving. In large scale problems, the feasibility of the calculation depends critically on the efficiency of the underlying sparse matrix algorithms. An important feature of the conference and its proceedings is the cross-fertilization achieved among a broad spectrum of application areas, and among combinatorialists, numerical analysts, and computer scientists. The mathematical, programming, and data management features of these techniques provide a unifying theme which can benefit readers in many fields. The introduction summarizes the major ideas in each paper. These ideas are interspersed with a brief survey of sparse matrix technology. An extensive unified bibliography is provided for the reader interested in more systematic information. The editors wish to thank Robert K. Brayton for his many helpful suggestions as chairman of the organizing committee and Redmond O'Brien for his editorial and audio-visual assistance. We would also like to thank Mrs. Tiyo Asai and Mrs. Joyce Otis for their help during the conference and on the numerous typing jobs for the manuscript. A special thanks goes to William J. Turner for establishing the IBM Research Symposia Series with Plenum Press. 232 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -How do people know where in the world they are How do they find their way about These are the sort of questions about spatial orientation with which this book is concerned. Staying spatially oriented is a pervasive aspect of all be havior. Animals must find their way through their environ ment searching efficiently for food and returning to their home areas and many species have developed very sophisticated sensing apparatus for helping them do this. Even little children know their way around quite complex environments. They remember where they put things and are able to retrieve them with little trouble. Adults in societies across the world have developed complex navigational systems for help ing them find their way over long distances with few dis tinctive landmarks. People across the world use their langu ages to communicate about spatial orientation in problems of simple direction giving and spatial descriptions as well as problems of long range navigation. 400 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The articles which make up this book were all expressly written to honor a remarkable man and a remarkable psychologist, Joseph McVicker Hunt, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The contributors to this volume, with the exception of Hunt's teacher, J. P. Guilford, are students and colleagues of Hunt's whose intellectual and professional paths have crossed his in some significant way. In terms of content, the contributions collectively range across many of the conventional boundaries that demarcate the territories into which psy chological subject-matter has been divided. In so doing, they remain faithful to the man they honor, for whom such boundaries have had, at best, only provisional reality. Yet as the introductory chapter attempts to make clear, there is a unifying theme that lies behind the apparent diversity of Hunt's work. While we wished to mark Hunt's specific contributions to the diverse areas represented in this book, we also hoped to capture the unity of viewpoint that ties them together. 464 pp. Englisch.