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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The rapid development of powerful pulsed lasers is at the origin of a conside rable interest in studying the response of an atom, a molecule (or a solid) to a strong electromagnetic field. It is now possible to produce at the laboratory scale, ultra-short 13 pulses with a duration of 100 femt…oseconds (10- second) and a power of the order 12 of 1 terawatt (10 Watt). Under these conditions, very high peak intensities may be obtained and electric fields exceeding typical electron binding fields in atoms are generated. The interaction of an atom or a molecule with such electromagnetic fields has a highly non-linear character which leads to unexpected phenomena. Amongst them, - above-threshold ionization (ATI) i.e. the absorption of additional photons in excess of the minimal number necessary to overcome the ionization potential and its molecular counterpart, above-threshold dissociation (ATD); - generation of very high harmonics of the driving field; - stabilization of one-electron systems in strong fields. These processes were the main topics of two international meetings which were held in 1989 and 1991 in the United States under the common name SILAP (Super-Intense Laser-Atom Physics).
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume is the second in 'The Downstate Series of Research in Psychiatry.' It is aseries devoted to the presentation of sig nificant research with relevance for both clinicians and researchers in the multiple subfields of psychiatry. This book focuses on the interactions between psychic p…henomena and physical processes as studied by evoked brain potentials. It presents material concerned with physiological and psychological unifying processes, as weIl as research concerning technology and methods of obtaining meaningful measurements. As such it is representative of biological psychiatry at its best. Thus, it represents another step in new directions in psychiatric research but not an unanticipated direction. Scientific investigation into the human psyche took an unex pected turn when Sigmund Freud in the last part of the 19th Century turned his attention from neurological concerns to those of psychol ogy. His first attempts at explanations as noted in the 'project,' included a heavy emphasis on the biological substrate of behavior.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -There is a unique nutritional commonality developing in research relating to coronary heart disease and cancer. The primary aim of this conference was to provide a forum for the leading researchers, clinicians, educators and administr…ators in these two fields to present a program on heart disease and cancer which included a) the major historical milestones, b) the present areas of greatest interest in research and therapy, c) the latest nutritional, molecular, and biotechnological advances, and d) a perspective on the most promising areas for future research and therapy. Scientists have long contended that research marches on the feet of methodology. Thus there are numerous examples of research fields opening secondary to methodological advances. Some examples are: 1) thin layer and gas-liquid chromatography which, along with high pressure liquid chromatography have broadened the line of advances in lipid research and 2) peR and the resultant impact on molecular biological approaches to several fields of science. The organizers of this conference thought the time was propitious for bringing together knowledge on newer aspects of molecular biological research with current advances in the two major areas of degenerative disease--coronary heart disease and cancer. Our knowledge of these 'killer diseases' has expanded greatly in the past few years and the advance has been catalyzed by use of an array of molecular biological techniques. Thanks to these, medical thinking in these areas is changing from considerations of treatment to strategies for prevention. 267 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The successful early adaptations of man involve a complex interplay of biological and cultural factors. There is a rapidly growing number of paleontologists and paleoanthropologists who are concerned with hominid foraging and the evol…ution of hunting. New techniques of paleoanthropology and taphonomy, and new information on human remains are added to the traditional approaches to the study of past human hunting and other foraging behavior. There is also a resurgence of interest in the early peopling of the New World. The present book is the result of the Ninth Annual Spring Systematics 10, 1986, in the Symposium, on the Evolution of Human Hunting, held on May Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. We are grateful to the NSF (grant no. BNS 8519960) for partial financial support in arranging the symposium. In preparation of this volume we have received assistance from many people, particularly the reviewers of individual chapters; it is impossible to name them all. We must however single out Drs. Richard G. Klein and Glen H. Cole for their encouragement at various stages of preparation of the symposium and this volume, and for being a help to the anthropological knowledge. Zbigniew Jastrzebski assisted with the figures and Paul K. Johnson diligently typed the camera-ready copy, and patiently coordinated the endless book-making chores. 476 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the time-worn traditions of the transportation industry, ship pers and carriers regard one another as enemies. There is, to be sure, a certain degree of validity to such a viewpoint. An element of conflict will naturally be present… in any vendor-purchaser relationship. The two, after all, are seeking distinctly different things from that relationship; and to a con siderable extent each party's success in realizing its own goals must be achieved at the expense of the other. At the same time, however, viewing that relationship as strictly zero-sum-a gain by one side always resulting in an equal and offsetting loss by the other-is a gross misconception. It overlooks the key reality that, no matter which party comes closest to its own objectives, the relationship, and the business transactions that flow from it, must ultimately benefit both. Without that level of mutual benefit the relationship will simply not exist (or will soon founder if it somehow does come into being); for it is only the self-interest of the two parties that impels them to establish and continue that relationship at all. In transportation, however, this element of mutuality-the attitude that the parties share a common interest in nurturing their relationship-is often forgotten. Instead of working to gether as, fundamentally, partners in a business transaction from which both expect to derive gains, they dedicate the bulk of their energies to fighting, rather than cooperating, with one another. 284 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In the writing of prefaces for works of this sort, most editors report being faced with similar challenges and have much in common in relating how these challenges are met. They acknowledge that their paramount ob jective is to provid…e more than an overview of topics but rather to offer selective critical reviews that will serve to advance theory and research in the particular area reviewed. The question of the appropriate audience to be addressed is usually answered by directing material to a potential audience of social scientists, graduate students, and, occasionally, ad vanced undergraduate students. Editors who are confronted with the problem of structuring their material often explore various means by which their social science discipline might be subdivided, then generally conclude that no particular classification strategy is superior. In elabo rating on the process by which the enterprise was initiated, editors typ ically resort to a panel of luminaries, who provide independent support for the idea and then offer both suggestions for topics and the authors who will write them. Editors usually concede that chapter topics and content do not reflect their original conception but are a compromise between their wishes and the authors' expertise and capabilities. Editors report that inevitable delays occur, authors drop out of projects and are replaced, and new topics are introduced. Finally, editors frequently con fess that the final product is incomplete, with gaps occurring because of failed commitments by authors or because authors could not be secured to write certain chapters. 396 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The emergence of reaction injection molding (RIM) has been fol lowed by the industry with mounting interest. RIM technology has brought to polymer processing a new flexibility and savings in both energy and capital investment. The new… developments and the number of engineers and scientists working in RIM is growing at so fast a rate that there is need for sharing information on progress in this area. This book is based on papers presented at the International Symposium on Reaction Injection Molding which was held in 1981 in Atlanta, Georgia, and was sponsored by the American Chemical Society, Division of Organic Coatings and Plastics Chemistry. The book is divided into four parts covering different areas of RIM development. The first part is devoted to the future trends of RIM develop ment in the United States and Japan. The structure-properties relationship and effects of annealing on properties of RIM elastomers are covered in the second part. New non-urethane polymers such as polyamides, polyisocyanurates and polystyrene suitable for RIM processing are discussed in the third part. In the last part the engineering and technological aspects of RIM, such as glass reinforcement, mixing, flow and moldability are covered in detail. Finally I would like to thank Mrs. Iris Glebe for typing this book and for help with editing, and K. Zielinski for his assistance v vi PREFACE in reviewing and, when necessary, correcting some of the papers. Thanks is also due to the editors of Plenum for their patience and helpfulness. 316 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The first edition of this text was written primarily by one of the present authors (HAS), with a chapter on instrumentation contributed by a second (NLA). The volume was well received, and to keep the text up-to-date a second edition…was planned. For this second edition, a third author (WEK) was invited, whose background complemented that of the other two. Each of the authors was assigned several chapters as his primary task while the complete manuscript remained the second ary responsibility of all three. It is hoped that this approach has resulted in a work that is even more thorough than the first edition in covering the basic concepts of infrared spectroscopy. NELSON L. ALPERT WILLIAM E. KEISER HERMAN A. SZYMANSKI v PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION My experience with the many infrared spectroscopy institutes held at Canisius College and many discussions with both beginners and experienced practitioners in infrared spectroscopy have convinced me that there is a need for an introductory text devoted entirely to infrared spectroscopy, a text which can be utilized even by those who approach this study with only a limited background. This volume sprang from that conviction. It is intended for all who wish to use infrared spec troscopy in research - especially chemists doing structural work - in routine control work, in industrial development, or in medical appli cations or those military applications where it is employed as an analytical tool. 552 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This collection of notes was assembled as a supplement and guide to a five-day short course presented at the University of California at Berkeley, September 22-26, 1969. The scope of subject matter, while limited to combustion as a so…urce of air pollution, at the same time is intended to give the broadest possible exposure within that area. The spectrum is deliberately wide, ranging from fundamen tals of combustion and combustion reactions through performance of combustion systems and to legal and administrative control. Contributors to this compendium and lecturers in the subject were solicited from academic and public organizations. Most of the authors are from the statewide University of California and the California Department of Public Health. Notable individuals with particular ex pertise, from other institutions, were also invited to contribute. The choice of instructor in each case was based upon a desire to col lect a cross-section of outstanding individuals, each highly qualified technically in his field. These notes reflect the freedom which each author was encouraged to follow in providing supplementary material for his lecture. The staff of Continuing Education in Engineering, Professor Thomas Hazlett and Daphne Stern, deserve commendation for their effective and successful handling of the innumerable details which were encountered. Professors Robert Sawyer and Laurence Caretto are herewith gratefully acknowledged for their support in the seemingly uncountable tasks ne cessary to assemble the entity which is represented. 348 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A growing sophistication of the American populace about the nature and realities of the impact of the environment on prenatal development was not much in evi dence in 1983. Continuing accusations against Agent Orange and Bendectin hig…h light what must be a deep credulousness and need to blame others for one's bio logical misfortunes. We despair that ignorance and nonaccountability can be dissipated by objective means. But one can only learn and teach and hope. The need to know what causes congenital malformations becomes more imperative as they become the last major holdout, the most unyielding of all the reasons babies still die and are seriously ill. In the aggregate, congenital malfor mations are now the cause of about one-third of the deaths of infants less than one month old and one-fifth of the deaths of those under one year old, up 50% in the last two decades. In the instance of one suspected cause of congenital malformations, maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, while the perinatal mortality rate of children of such women has gone down greatly since World War II, the fraction of deaths due to congenital malformations has grown correspondingly and is now approach ing 50%. Present-day knowledge of the causes of congenital malformations is most imperfect. A recent authoritative review found that there is understanding to one extent or another of the causation of less than half of all congenital malformations. 536 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Until recently, the interpretation of data obtained in seismic exploration has been based on comparatively simple representations of the Earth. The most commonly used representation for the Earthhas been a set of thick layers, each ch…aracterized by a single value for the propa gation speed of seismic waves. During the last several years, more complicated representa tions in the form of thin layers with vertical velocity gradients, as weIl as homogeneous thin layers have been considered. New methods for studying propagation speeds in a medium, particularly ultrasonic logging methods, and the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the dynamic characteristics of seismic waves have revealed that areal Earth is considerably more complicated than the simple models accepted in the past. This has led to a need for more realistic representations of the real Earth as a medium through wh ich seismic waves propagate. Because of this, tlie Department of Seismic Exploration Methods of the Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Acad emy of Sciences of the USSR has been carrying out both experimental and theoretical studies on the topic 'Selection of Physical Representations of Actual Media and the Study of the Correspond ing Wave Propagation Effects. ' Three major subdivisions have been recognized within this over all pro gram: 1. The establishment of a direct relationship between the structure of a real medium and the basic wave-propagation characteristics. 216 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Cryogenics is an emerging technology filled with promises. Many cryogenic systems demand the use of nonmetallics and composites for adequate or increased performance. Thermal and electrical insulations, potting for superconducting mag…nets' mechanical sta bility, and composite structures appear to be some of the most significant applications. Research on nonmetallics at cryogenic temperatures has not progressed to the degree of research on metals. Nor can room temperature research be extrapolated to low tempera tures; most polymers undergo a phase transformation to the glassy state below room temperature. Research by producers, for the most part, has not been prac tical, because, except for LNG applications, the market for large material sales is not imminent. There are, however, many government stimulated developmental programs. Research on nonmetallics thus is dictated by development project needs, which require studies orien ted toward prototype hardware and specific objectives. As a result, research continuity suffers. Under these conditions, periodic topical conferences on this subject are needed. Industry and uni versity studies must be encouraged. Designers and project research material specialists need to exchange experiences and data. Low temperature-oriented research groups, such as the National Bureau of Standards and the Institute for Technical Physics - Karlsruhe, must contribute by assisting with fundamentals, interpreting proj ect data, and contributing to project programs through their materials research. 460 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In our earlier monograph 'Mlcrohardness of Metals' [1], published in 1962, we attempted to correlate a variety of investigations scattered throughout a number of journals with the gen eral theme of solving problems of physicochemical…analysis and metallography by microhard ness measurements. The publication of 'Microhardness of Metals' promoted the widespread use of this tech nique in studying physicochemical phenomena in various materials. In recent years the micro hardness method has been used most extensively in studying semiconducting materials, and this has necessitated the revision of the monograph with the aim of incorporating new experi mental data relating to both metals and semiconductors. The greater proportion of the material presented in this book reflects the authors' own investigations. other investtgations associated with the use of the microhardness method in tOO physicochemical analysis of metallic and semiconducting systems are also taken into account. The authors are extremely indebted to Academician G. G. Urazov for his great interest in this work at its inception and for a number of valuable comments regarding the possibility of using the microhardness technique in physicochemical analysis. Sincere thanks are extended to Academician A. A. Bochvar and Professors A. N. Krestov nikov, M. M. Khrushchov, M. V. Mal'tsev, M. V. Zakharov, and I. I. Novikov for their interest in these investigations. 244 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Volumes 30 and 31 of this series, dealing with '~1any Degrees of Freedom,' contain the proceedings of the 1976 International Summer Institute of Theoretical Physics, held at the University of Bielefeld from August 23 to September 4, 1…976. This Institute was the eighth in a series of summer schools devoted to particle physics and organized by universities and research institutes in the Federal Republic of Germany. Many degrees of freedom and collective phenomena playa critical role in the description and understanding of elementary particles. The lectures in this volume were intended to show how a combination of theoretical prejudices and experimental results can lead to the crys tallization of models and theories. Topics ranged from quark, parton, and bag model~ to du~l unitarization, from cluster pictures to hadron-nucleus collisions and to astrophysical implications. The Institute took place at the Center for Inter disciplinary Research of the University of Bielefeld. On behalf of all participants, it is a pleasure to thank the officials and the administration of the Center for their cooperation and help before and during the Institute. Special thanks go to V.C. Fulland, M. Kamper, and A. Kpt tenkamp for their rapid and competent preparation of the manuscripts. 576 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The papers presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Heart Valves and published in this volume discuss clinical experience with heart valve replacement in pediatric patients, in adults (age 65 and younger), and in the elderly…(age 66 and older). Special considerations in heart valve replacement, such as valve selection, reoperation, results of double valve implantation, quality of life, and the use of valved conduits are also included. Finally, long term clinical follow-up with the ST. JUDE MEDICAL® heart valve, giving 7- and 8-year data is discussed. HEART VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS Anticoagulation Anticoagulation in children is a difficult and interesting problem. Three princi pal considerations in the use of anticoagulants are patient education, timing, and anticoagulating substance. Additional considerations are patient tolerance and compliance. Generally, the findings indicate, if pediatric patients receive anticoagulation following mechanical valve replacement, it is well accepted and results in few complications. If children are not anticoagulated, complications arise. Conflicting results regarding the efficacy of PERSANTINE® and the use of aspirin vs. COUMADIN® were reported. Doctor Sade's data address some of these questions. \* After a 5-year study in \* See J Thorac Cardiovasc Surgery 1988; 95:533-561. 356 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -For centuries the 'treatment' of mentally disturbed individuals was quite simple. They were accused of collusion with evil spirits, hunted, and persecuted. The last 'witch' was killed as late as 1782 in Switzerland. Mentally disturbed… people did not fare much better even when the witchhunting days were gone. John Christian Reil gave the following description of mental pa tients at the crossroads of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries: We incarcerate these miserable creatures as if they were criminals in abandoned jails, near to the lairs of owls in barren canyons beyond the city gates, or in damp dungeons of prisons, where never a pitying look of a humanitarian penetrates; and we let them, in chains, rot in their own excrement. Their fetters have eaten off the flesh of their bones, and their emaciated pale faces look expectantly toward the graves which will end their misery and cover up our shamefulness. (1803) The great reforms introduced by Philippe Pinel at Bicetre in 1793 augured the beginning of a new approach. Pinel ascribed the 'sick role,' and called for compas sion and help. One does not need to know much about those he wants to hurt, but one must know a lot in order to help. Pinel's reform was followed by a rapid develop ment in research of causes, symptoms, and remedies of mental disorders. There are two main prerequisites for planning a treatment strategy. 936 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It has often been said that the laser is a solution searching for a problem. The rapid development of laser technology over the past dozen years has led to the availability of reliable, industrially rated laser sources with a wide var…iety of output characteristics. This, in turn, has resulted in new laser applications as the laser becomes a familiar processing and analytical tool. The field of materials science, in particular, has become a fertile one for new laser applications. Laser annealing, alloying, cladding, and heat treating were all but unknown 10 years ago. Today, each is a separate, dynamic field of research activity with many of the early laboratory experiments resulting in the development of new industrial processing techniques using laser technology. Ten years ago, chemical processing was in its infancy awaiting, primarily, the development of reliable tunable laser sources. Now, with tunability over the entire spectrum from the vacuum ultraviolet to the far infrared, photo chemistry is undergoing revolutionary changes with several proven and many promising commercial laser processing operations as the result. The ability of laser sources to project a probing beam of light into remote or hostile environments has led to the development of a wide variety of new analytical techniques in environmental and laboratory analysis. Many of these are reviewed in this book. 480 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Radiation Emitted from Semiconductor Lasers in Strong Magnetic Fields and under High Hydrostatic Pressures.- I Influence of Magnetic Fields and High Pressures on Energy Spectra of Semiconductors.- ¿1. Influence of Magnetic Fields on E…nergy Structure of III¿V and IV¿VI Semiconductor Compounds.- ¿2. Influence of Pressure on Energy Structures of III¿V and IV¿VI Compounds.- ¿3. Characteristics of Semiconductor Laser Operation Affected by Variation of Temperature, Pressure, and Magnetic Field.- II Experimental Method.- ¿1. Apparatus for Excitation of Injection Lasers and Recording of Emission Spectra.- ¿2. Q-Switched CO2 Laser.- ¿3. Technique Used in Low-Tempe rature Magnetooptic Investigations at Infrared Wavelengths.- ¿4. Apparatus Used in Optical Measurements at Infrared Wavelengths under High Hydrostatic Pressures at 77¿K.- ¿5. Zinc- and Copper-Doped Germanium Infrared-Radiation Detectors.- ¿6. Scanning of Infrared Radiation Emitted from InSb Crystals.- ¿7. Other Measurements.- III Influence of Magnetic Fields on Emission Spectra of p-n Junctions in InAs, InSb, and PbSe.- ¿1. Spontaneous and Coherent Radiation Emitted from InAs Injection Lasers.- ¿2. Radiation Emitted from InSb Injection Lasers in Strong Magnetic Fields. Position of Light-Emission Region.- ¿3. Spontaneous and Coherent Radiation Emitted from p-n Junctions in PbSe.- IV Magnetically Tuned Stimulated Raman Emission from Indium Antimonide.- ¿1. Raman Scattering of Light by Plasmons and Landau Levels in Semiconductors.- ¿2. Stimulated Raman Scattering of Light Accompanied by Spin Flip in Indium Antimonide.- ¿3. Discussion of Results.- V Influence of Pressure on Radiation Emitted from Lead Selenide and Gallium Arsenide Semiconductor Lasers.- ¿1. Emission Spectra of PbSe Lasers.- ¿2. Emission Spectra of GaAs Lasers.- ¿3. Discussion of Results.- Conclusions.- Literature Cited.- Investigation of the Collective Properties of Excitons in Germanium by Long-Wavelength Infrared Spectroscopy Methods.- I Energy Spectra and Collective Properties of Excitons in Semiconductors.- 1. Energy Spectrum of Excitons.- ¿1. Theoretical Calculations.- ¿2. Experimental Results.- 2. Collective Properties of Exciton Systems.- ¿1. Theoretical Representations.- ¿2. Discussion of Experimental Results.- II Methods used in Far-Infrared Investigations of Excitons in Semiconductors.- ¿1. Spectroscopic Measurements.- ¿2. Apparatus Used in Low-Tempe rature Optical Measurements under Interband Excitation Conditions.- ¿3. Sources of Exciting Radiation.- ¿4. Thermal Conditions.- III Far-Infrared Resonance Absorption in Condensed Exciton Phase in Germanium.- ¿1. Absorption Spectra of Intrinsic Germanium.- ¿2. Discussion of Parameters of Electron ¿Hole Drops (n0 and ).- ¿3. Temperature Dependence of Resonance Absorption.- ¿4. Dependence of Resonance Absorption on Excitation Rate.- ¿5. Resonance Absorption in Doped Germanium.- IV Resonance Luminescence of Condensed Exciton Phase in Germanium.- ¿1. Experimental Investigation of Resonance Luminescence.- ¿2. Discussion of Experimental Results. Effective Luminescence Temperature of Drops.- ¿3. Influence of Inhomogeneous Deformation on Resonance Absorption and Luminescence. Mobility of Electron-Hole Drops.- V Photoionization and Excitation of Free Excitons in Germanium by Submillimeter Radiation.- ¿1. Photoionization and Excitation Spectra.- ¿2. Discussion of Experimental Results. Energy Levels of Excitons.- Literature Cited.- Collective Interactions of Excitons and Nonequilibrium Carriers in Gallium Arsenide and Silicon.- I Collective Interactions of Excitons in Semiconductors.- II Measurement Method.- ¿1. Optical System and Method of Recording Luminescence during Continuous Optical Excitation.- ¿2. Optical System and Method of Recording Luminescence Due to High-Power Light Pulses.- ¿3. Temperature Measurement Method.- ¿4. Determination of Temperature Rise in a Semiconductor during Continuous.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume contains the lectures and seminars on Coronas, Gas Discharges, Diagnostics, Plasma Chemistry, and Applications pre sented at the Advanced Study Institute on Breakdown and Discharges in Gases. The Institute was held in Les…Arcs, France, during June 28 to July 10, 1981. The first volume has been devoted to the areas of Basic Discharge Processes, Kinetic Theory and Gas Break down. This collection is both tutorial and representative of the state of the field. We hope it will be useful both to beginners and experienced researchers. We are grateful to a number of organizations for providing financial assistance. The Scientific Affiars Division of NATO provided the major contribution for the Institute. The Office of Naval Research, the Naval Surface Weapons Center at Dahlgren, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Air Force Weapons Laboratory provided additional support. The National Science Foun dation financed the travel of one student. We would like to acknowledge the many people who helped us organize and carry the Institute to its successful completion. 480 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The 38th Annual Denver Conference on Applications of X-Ray Analysis was held July 31 - August 4, 1989, at the Sheraton Denver Technical Center, Denver, Colorado. The conference alternates emphasis between x-ray diffraction and x-ray f…luorescence, and this being an odd year the emphasis was on diffraction. Thus the Plenary Session was slanted toward diffraction in general and thin film analysis in particular. The Plenary Session on x-ray analysis of thin films did not just happen this year but really began four years ago with Paul Predecki suggesting a special session devoted to thin film techniques. The session generated a great deal of interest, so Paul suggested that a workshop on thin films should be slated for the 1987 conference. A full day was devoted to the workshop, which was split into a half day on epitaxial thin films and the other half day on polycrystalline thin films. The workshop attendance indicated a great deal of interest in this topic, leading to this year's Plenary Session. The first two speakers of the Plenary Session (B. Tanner and K. Bowen) have been key throughout the thin film activities. They were invited speakers for the 1985 special session on thin films and instructors for the 1987 workshop on epitaxial thin films. 728 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The workshop on 'The structure of small molecules and ions' was held at the Neve-Han guest house, near Jerusalem, Israel on December 13 to 18 in mem ory of the late Professor Itzhak Plesser. Professor Plesser played a central role in…the research done both at the Weizmann Institute and at Argonne National Laboratories on the 'Coulomb explosion' method. His friends honored his memory by organizing a meeting in which subjects related to Plesser's interests would be discussed. Just a week be fore the conference started we were struck by another tragedy -the death of our graduate student Ms. Hana Kovner, who participated in many of the Coulomb explosion experiments at the Weizmann Institute. We would like to dedicate these proceedings to her memory as well. The goal of the workshop was to bring together chemists and physicists working on different aspects of the structural problems of small molecular en tities. The time seemed appropriate for discussing experimental and theoretical concepts, since in recent years new methods have been introduced, and a large amount of information has been accumulated on systems not studied before, like unstable molecules, ions, van der Waals molecules and clusters. The program of the workshop reflects, we believe, these new developments. The meeting was characterized by intensive discussions in which the weak nesses and strengths of new and of well established concepts were revealed. We hope that it measured up to the high standards Itzhak Plesser maintained all through his scientific life. 364 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The biological significance of carbohydrates in glycosyl ated biopolymers emerged from studies on viruses, microbial cells and animal tissues. Plant-related processes, a rela tive newcomer to this area of research, now offer chal leng…ing questions as regards the roles of glycosyl-con jugates and carbohydrate-binding proteins in such broadly based topics as pollination, fertilization, symbiosis (including nitrogen fixation), the chemical basis of morphogenesis, and the broad area of plant protection. While the impressive accomplishments on model systems, membrane-bound processes, receptor site biochemistry, and cell surface interactions fill numerous reports, reviews, and books, most of these involve biological systems other than plants. A real need exists for the present volume in which cell recognition and cell surface interactions as related to plants are examined. Contributions to this volume may be sorted into three catagories: first an overview of the structures and pro perties of glycoconjugates, then a closer look at specific systems in terms of biological function, and finally, selected examples of cell recognition and cell surface interactions as encountered in biology. To introduce the general subject, Alan Elbein reviews the structure and bio synthesis of certain glycoconjugates and examines the bio chemical basis of adherence between bacteria and eucaryotic cells. Irwin Goldstein examines the properties of plant derived lectins, in particular a group of lectins from Bandeiraea simplicifolia. The roles of several biologi cally-active complex carbohydrates in plant-related host pest relationships are examined by Peter Albersheim and his colleagues. 292 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Interest in semiconductor electrochemistry has ex panded rapidly in the past few years spurred on by the search for economic methods for solar energy conversion. Semiconductor electrochemistry and photoelectrochemistry is not, however…, restricted to this single area of application. Over the same period there have been many interesting and exciting developments in other areas of semiconductor electrochemistry including the use of laser etching, electroreflectance studies and radiation electro chemistry. All of these areas are among those covered by Pleskov and Gurevich in this book. Their text is a com prehensive study of the electrochemistry and photoelec trochemistry of semiconductors and as such should prove a worthy successor to 'Electrochemistry of Semiconductors' by Myamlin and Pleskov which, since its publication in 1967, has established itself as a standard reference text for workers in this field. In editing the English translation of the present text I have at all times attempted to maintain a clear, concise style while at the same time remaining true to the arguments and ideas of the authors. I hope that I have succeeded iP this endeavor and I hope that this book will be welcomed by experts and beginners alike in the expanding area of semiconductor electrochemistry. 452 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The progress that has been made over the last decade in the preparation, development, processing, and marketing of food has to a large extent been made possible by innovations and developments in the ways that thermo plastics, in conj…unction with paper, metal foils, adhesives and other materials, have been combined and formed into the appropriate configurations to provide the properties required. Much has been said, written and published about retort pouches, modified atmosphere packaging and aseptic preservation processes, and even more about the newer methods of distribution and retailing of all kinds of food. However, all of this material needed to be digested, condensed into a logical framework and appraised, and possible further developments considered. In many instances, the original research and development was carried out in conjunction with one or more of the research organisations in membership with IAPRI, the International Association of Packaging Research Institutes, and it was felt that a book which attempted to provide a review of the more important developments would be useful to practitioner and student alike. 176 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The present four volumes, published under the collective title of 'Chemical Bonds in Solids,' are the translation of the two Russian books 'Chemical Bonds in Crystals' and 'Chemical Bonds in Semiconductors.' These contain the papers p…resented at the Conference on Chemical Bonds held in Minsk between May 28 and June 3, 1967, together with a few other papers (denoted by an asterisk) which have been specially incorporated. Earlier collections (also published by the Nauka i Tekhnika Press of the Belorussian Academy of Sciences) were entitled 'Chemical Bonds in Semiconductors and Solids' (1965) and 'Chemical Bonds in Semiconductors and Thermody namics' (1966) and are available in English editions from Consultants Bureau, New York (pub lished in 1967 and 1968, respectively). The subject of chemical bonds in crystals, including semiconductors, has recently become highly topical and has attracted the interest of a wide circle of physicists, chemists, and engineers. Until recently, the most successful description of the properties of solids (including semi conductors) has been provided by the band theory, which still dominates the physics of solids. Nevertheless, it is clear that the most universal approach is that based on the general theory of chemical bonds in crystals, in which details of the electron distributions between atoms and of the wave functions appear quite expliCitly. 216 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Professor Wilson Baker, F.R.S. Organic compounds are classified as aliphatic, carbocyclic, or heterocyclic, though in the very many cases where two or more such characteristic groupings are present, the classification chosen will depe…nd on the relative chemical importance of these groupings to the particular investigation in hand, and perhaps even to the outlook of the investigator. Traditionally, however, ring compounds with attached aliphatic groups are referred to as cyclic, and any hetero cyclic grouping serves to categorise a molecule as heterocyclic. In these reviews it is the intention to deal, so far as possible, with carbocyclic compounds only, as borne out by this Volume I of the series with articles on the benzidine rearrangement, the bicyclo [3,3,1]nonanes, Feist's acid, and the annulenes. The difficulty in keeping rigidly to carbocyclic substances is, however, apparent in the chapter on 'The Biosynthesis of Carbocyclic Compounds', where many heterocyclic compounds are encountered, as is inevitable in any reasonably comprehensive account of biosynthesis. 392 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -HOW DO I USE THIS BOOK This book is organized to answer specific questions about the metabolic and nutritional problems of critically ill patients. Thc questions are listed under five chapter headings in the Contents. Each question is… self-contained with its own charts, tables, and references, although, in some instances, you may be referred to another section of the book for additional information. A detailed subject outline appears on the first page of each chapter, and there is an index for cross-reference to specific subjects. A metabolic support plan and accompanying metabolic and nutritional worksheet are locatcd in the Appendix. This plan pro vides the best estimates available for predicting the metabolic requirements of patients, and outlines approaches to feeding the hospitalized patient which will satisfy these nutritional needs. Clin ical cases are presented in this section to help you get started using the support plan. This volume is a handbook organized for frequent use - place the appropriate tables and nomograms on the bulletin board of the intensive care unit or in your office for convenient reference. Use the metabolic and nutritional support plan and establish the habit of assessing the metabolic requirements of your patients. Refer to the references cited to explore in further detail specific questions or areas of interest. By applying our knowledge of the metabolic and nutritional alterations which occur following disease, we can improve our care of the critically ill. 284 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The conference 'Laser Science and Technology' was held May 11-19, 1987 in Erice, Sicily. This was the 12th conference organized by the Internatio nal School of Quantum Electronics, under the auspices of the 'Ettore Majorana' Center fo…r Scientific Culture. This volume contains both the in vited and contributed papers presented at the conference, covering current research work in two areas: new laser sources, and laser applications. The operation of the first laser by Dr. Theodore Maiman in 1960 initia ted a decade of scientific exploration of new laser sources. This was fol lowed by the decade of the 1970s, which was characterized by 'technology push' in which the discoveries of the 1960s were seeking practical applica tion. In the 1980s we are instead seeking 'applications pull,' in which the success and rapid maturing of laser applications provides both inspiration and financial resources to stimulate additional work both on laser sources and applications. The papers presented in these Proceedings attest to the great vitali ty of research in both these areas: New Laser Sources. The papers describe current developments in ultra violet excimer lasers, X-ray lasers, and free electron lasers. These new lasers share several characteristics: each is a potentially important coher ent source; each is at a relatively short wavelength (below 1 micrometer); and each is receiving significant development attention today. 468 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The first volume in the present series contained the papers read at the first conference on crystal growth. This second volume appears during the interval between the first and second conferences, and contains various papers on crysta…l growth, in addition to the late S. K. Popov's major contribution on growing synthetic corundum. The papers to some extent represent work that has been done in the USSR since the first conference. Some of the papers break entirely fresh ground. We hope that the series will act as a means of contact between Soviet scientists who work on crystal growth, or on producing technically important monocrystals. This contact between scientists is essential. Work on this important topic cannot advance unless such con tact is brought about. A. V. Shubnikov and N. N. Sheftal' vii 1. THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS THE THERMODYNAMICS OF CRYSTALLIZATION PRESSURE V. Ya. Khaimov-Mal'kov It has often [1-14] been observed that crystals growing in a medium containing foreign particles repel the particles as well as trap them. Our photographs (Figs. 1,2, and 3) show such repulsion. Lavalle [4] was the first to notice the effect in 1853. There is as yet no agreement in explanation for the effects, nor is there any agree l ment in data onthe pressures that may occur. Somegive values of 10 kg/ cm or so [3-5. 10], others only a few g/cmt [6,7,12,14]. The latter value has been adopted in monographs on crystal growth [l3, 15]. 192 pp. Englisch.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Ten years have passed since It Hooft and Polyakov demonstrat ed that superheavy magnetic monopoles were a natural consequence of any Grand Unified Theory (GUT) in which the unifying group contains a U(l) factor as a subgroup. An analy…sis of these GUTs in an expanding, cooling universe yields a phase transition at an energy ~l015 GeV and at a cosmic time ~lO-35 seconds after the big bang. The general consequences of GUTs and this phase transition are the prediction of proton decay, the production of superheavy magnetic monopoles, and an understanding of the observed excess of matter over anti-matter in the universe. Attempts to provide experimental verification of GUTs has led to valiant experimental efforts in recent years to observe nucleon decay in massive underground detectors. Experiments to search for superheavy monopoles may eventually require similar efforts. Since the unification scale is unreachable in the laboratory, monopole detectors must search for relics of the big bang. Much theoretical groundwork has been accomplished in recent years with the development of GUTs. In Part I of this book, Erick Weinberg gives a theoretical overview of the role of magnetic monopoles in the various unification schemes. Monopoles in the context of the newly revived Kaluza-Klein theories are presented by several authors and are summarized by Qaisar Shafi. Mike Turner begins Part II with a discussion of monopoles in standard big bang cosmology. Paul Steinhardt follows with his perspectives on the inflationary universe; C. 716 pp. Englisch.
