springer us springer us jul 1978 (17 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This study is an attempt to contribute to our understanding of one of the most important reforms currently advocated by development economists to reduce rural poverty in developing countries: land reform. Dr. Cohen has based his study on models in which three social groups are acting: these, for brevity's sake, are called land lords, peasants and the groups who comprise the non-agricultural sector. Peasants include the so-called landless peasants which western countries generally term agrarian workers. The method can be extended to larger numbers of groups. The actors are involved in various activities, including production, consumption and saving, the latter being available either for physical or for financial invest ment. This implies that various wealth components appear in the model alongside flows of goods and services. Use is made of determinate models with linear and non-linear equations of a dynamic character. The models are employed to estimate socio-economic development under alternative regimes. Regimes differ, on the one hand, according to which group is in power and, on the other hand, according to the instruments of economic policy they use. It is an attractive feature of Dr. Cohen's study that the models are applied to two countries for which all the necessary statistical material has been estimated: India and Chile. For both countries a brief socio-political sketch precedes the numerical application of the models. For India five instruments of socio-economic policy are considered: land transfers, measures to stimulate productivity, credit policies, taxes and tenure and wage regulations.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In recent years the development of spatial referencing techniques in com puter-based information systems has enormously increased the opportuni ties that exist for the treatment and presentation of both point and interaction data. The extent of this increase has drawn attention to the need for special aggregation and clustering procedures to be developed which enable data to be grouped in an efficient way for analytical pur poses with a minimum loss of detail. In the case of interaction data, economy of representation is particularly important as the analysis is further complicated by the two-way directionality that is inherent in each data set. Procedural rules of this kind are needed not only for descriptive analy sis and spatial accounting but also for hypothesis testing and the develop ment of operational models of spatial interaction. Yet the importance of spatial representation in this kind of research has only recently been fully understood. The first generation of urban development models that were developed in Europe and North America during the 1960's often treated matters of zoning system specification very casually, even though in some cases this imposed severe limits on the interpretation of their findings and it was not until the Centre for Environmental Studies/Cheshire project (Barras et al. , 1971) that a serious attempt was made to put forward general principles which could be used as guidelines in future work.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The purpose of this research has been to explore the relationship between energy resource development and economic development in India. The thesis which evolved from the research is that energy resource development has lagged behind and constrained economic development in India. Inadequate attention has been paid to developing the power sector, and the petroleum sector is just beginning to be developed. This research consists of an analysis of energy supply covering each of the major energy resources. Using information from India's five year plans, the history of energy re source development was compiled by energy sector. A comprehensive eva luation ofIndia's current position with respect to energy resources was under taken to provide a perspective on future development possibilities. Alternative policy options were presented in the analysis of each energy re source. These options were considered in providing a set of overall policy suggestions for development of energy supplies in India. Dedication This volume is dedicated to my wonderful wife, Jean, who patiently endured the weeks, months and years it took to complete. No words can express my feelings for her and the sacrifices she has made, but this token gesture is the least I can do. Acknowledgements This research was done under the supervision of Professor John Adams.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In August, 1976 the research seminar 'Decision-making in business' was organized at Nijenrode, The Netherlands School of Business. More than fifty scientists and practitioners from nine countries presented research papers in one of the six discussion groups. Some of them also presented some of their ideas in front of a large mixed audience at a one-day symposium. Many of the papers presented at Nijenrode were of such a high quality that the decision to publish a selection of them was an easy one. At the same time the new series Nijenrode studies in business was initiated. All who were involved, the policy committee of the N ijenrode studies, the advisory and editorial board of the series, the publisher, and the organizing committee of the seminar and symposium, acclaimed the idea of publishing three volumes in the new series. A collection of eleven papers could be grouped under the title Trends in managerial andfinancial accounting. Another collection will be published as volume 2 of this series under the title TI'ends in financial decision-making, while volume 3 will consist of papers exploring the theme Trends in business ethics. The books are intended for those who are interested in new developments in the decision-making area. They are especially suitable for graduate or advanced undergraduate courses: volume 1 in managerial or financial accounting courses; volume 2 in courses on managerial finance, capital budgeting or decision making; and volume 3 in courses on business ethics or related fields.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 1.1. THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study deals with regional co-operation among developing By regional co-operation is countries and its potential benefits. meant any form of concerted action by the countries of a region aimed at a fuller utilization of their growth potential. Such con certed action may consist of various kinds of economic policy measures regarding production, investment and foreign trade. In this sense, regional co-operation is to be regarded as a facet of the participating countries' overall development strategy. Unlike other studies in this field, dealing with integration among developing countries and focussing attention on the planning of such integra tion (see, e.g., Mennes 1972), the present study concentrates on the effect of integration and co-ordination policies on the structure of intra-and extra-regional trade. Very often large differences exist among developing countries with respect to various aspects of economic development, e.g., the structure of demand, the structure of capital formation and the growth rates of individual sectors. Such divergencies call for the utilization of a multi-country, multi-sector model that will enable a better co-ordination of production and investment policies. Atten tion should thereby be given to the pattern of intra-regional specialization that will result from such a co-ordinated policy.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - It is a pleasure to introduce Dr. Kusehpeta's study of the USSR banking and eredit system with some measure of enthusiasm, for the subjeet is one about which there is, as yet, not mueh literature available in the Western European languages and this study approaehes the subjeet from the view-point of sourees taken from within the Soviet Union itself. No matter how revolutionary the ehange, some ties with the past still remain and it is for this reason that the author has paid initial attention to the banking system of the Tsars and proceeds to de al with the development of the banking system sine e the Revolution of 1917. While history has made the Communist Civil War, the New Eeonomie Poliey and the Khrushehev reforms to be familiar to us, the effeets of these events on the banking and monetary system have, thus far, never been fully researched. Next, the author deals extensively with the existing banking- and eredit system. This subjeet is not easy to understand, beeause we are obliged to beeome familiar with totally different eoeepts than those governing the mixed eeonomic system of the Western World. I, personally , am struek by the sharp separation between the eurreney and the 'deposit' or 'transfer' mone y cireulation.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The research project of which the present study is the end result was initiated in late 1970, while I was affiliated with the Economisch Instituut voor de Bouwnijverheid (Economic Institute for the Construction Indus try), Amsterdam, the Netherlands. This institution, in association with the Urban Development Authority, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, also suppor ted fieldwork in Malaysia from early 1973 to spring 1975. This resulted in a report to the Malaysian government (Wegelin, 1975), which forms the basis of the present study. Improvement and extension of the earlier report to mould the study in its present shape has been made possible by the financial support of the Stichting Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs in Econo mische en Sociale Aspecten van Bouwproductie en Bouwnijverheid (Foun dation for University Education in Economic and Social Aspects of Construction), Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The support of the above institutions is gratefully acknowledged. The study owes much to the pioneering work on low-income housing in developing countries bij Charles Abrams and has further been stimul ated particularly by the contributions of Leland S. Bums and John F. C. Turner in this field. The recent development of comprehensive cost benefit appraisal methods for industrial projects in developing countries by Professor I. M. D. Little and J. A. Mirrlees (OECD) and A. K. Sen, P. Dasgupta and S. A. Marglin (UNIDO) provided a challenge to apply similar methods in the area of low-income housing.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -1. 1. The general linear model All econometric research is based on a set of numerical data relating to certain economic quantities, and makes infer ences from the data about the ways in which these quanti ties are related (Malinvaud 1970, p. 3). The linear relation is frequently encountered in applied econometrics. Let y and x denote two economic quantities, then the linear relation between y and x is formalized by: where {31 and {32 are constants. When {31 and {32 are known numbers, the value of y can be calculated for every given value of x. Here y is the dependent variable and x is the explanatory variable. In practical situations {31 and {32 are unknown. We assume that a set of n observations on y and x is available. When plotting the ob served pairs (x l' YI)' (x ' Y2)' . . . , (x , Y n) into a diagram with x 2 n measured along the horizontal axis and y along the vertical axis it rarely occurs that all points lie on a straight line. Generally, no b 1 and b exist such that Yi = b + b x for i = 1,2, . . . ,n. Unless 2 l 2 i the diagram clearly suggests another type of relation, for instance quadratic or exponential, it is customary to adopt linearity in order to keep the analysis as simple as possible. 120 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -I have worked as a manager in a large industrial organisation for the last twenty years. During that time I have seen the job of a manager change almost out of recognition in both complexity and difficulty. For the last five ofthose years I have held ajob which has been much concerned with the problems which managers face under these cir cumstances, and I have been in the position to discuss these pro blems with people doing similar jobs in other large organisations, who have in turn often asked me for advice on their problems. The result has been to build up a general picture of the manager in large and complex industrial organisations and of those practices which will help him or her to be effective and those which will not. I suspect that the picture which emerges is one which may have some validity for large and complex organisations in other spheres - trade unions, for instance, or the civil service - but I have no first-hand evidence to show whether this is so or not. It is a picture which is certainly not so relevant for small organisations. These (and I have had the pleasure of working in some from time to time) have their own problems, but they tend to be different ones.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 172 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -1. 1. The general linear model All econometric research is based on a set of numerical data relating to certain economic quantities, and makes infer ences from the data about the ways in which these quanti ties are related (Malinvaud 1970, p. 3). The linear relation is frequently encountered in applied econometrics. Let y and x denote two economic quantities, then the linear relation between y and x is formalized by: where {31 and {32 are constants. When {31 and {32 are known numbers, the value of y can be calculated for every given value of x. Here y is the dependent variable and x is the explanatory variable. In practical situations {31 and {32 are unknown. We assume that a set of n observations on y and x is available. When plotting the ob served pairs (x l' YI)' (x ' Y2)' . . . , (x , Y n) into a diagram with x 2 n measured along the horizontal axis and y along the vertical axis it rarely occurs that all points lie on a straight line. Generally, no b 1 and b exist such that Yi = b + b x for i = 1,2, . . . ,n. Unless 2 l 2 i the diagram clearly suggests another type of relation, for instance quadratic or exponential, it is customary to adopt linearity in order to keep the analysis as simple as possible.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 120 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -39 Medical sociology, on the other hand, is only beginning to be perceived as an established partner in medical education. What was still described in 1963 as its 'promise' (Reader, 1963) became a decade later the unequivocal assertion: 'Sociology has already contributed much to medicine . has (in its work related to medicine) developed a distinct body of knowledge, and in fact, reached the position where it can contribute substantially to decision making in medicine'. (Kendall and Reader, 1972) As it has established its position, both as a legitimate sub-field of sociology as a collaborator with the medical professions, there is evidence of increasing attention by medical sociology to the applica tions of its knowledge. The literature reveals a remarkable degree of concern about its development. (Caudill, 1953; Clausen, 1956; Reader and Goss, 1959; Reader, 1963; Suchman, 1964; Graham, 1964; Bloom, 1965; McKin lay, 1972). Most of its continuing self-scrutiny, however, was - at least until recently - focused on the evaluation of its contribution to knowledge. We seem now to have found security in the legitimacy of this contribution, and to be turning to the effort to establish an organized dimension of applied social science - of which an example is seen in table 2.1. Williams, first in 1963 and again in 1972, sought to show how the knowledge of medical sociology was actually being applied. Hyman (1967) reviewed 'the uses of sociology for the problems of medicine'.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 280 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -For decades the materials sector of an enterprise has been relatively un important, compared with the production and sales side, but it has gained in importance during the last 25-30 years. This is clearly indicated by the increas ing attachment of this sector to the commercial side of an enterprise, the delegation of materials-oriented tasks to highly qualified people, and -closely correlated -the integration of the materials sector with the key positions of a company's organizational hierarchy. The materials management area has become an interesting part of business life. Stimulating this development was the realization that an important part of company rationalization had been overlooked, namely, provision of ade quate supervision of the materials flow. This area was given particular atten tion, firstly, because the relatively high percentage of materials l:osts (the value of materials and cost of supervision) in the total production costs off ered the possibility of considerable cost reductions and liquidity improvem ents; and secondly, because effective supervision permits faster reactions to changes and reliable delivery times -essential considerations for a compe titive company. An important contribution to the realization of these possi bilities is found in an efficient organizational structure in combination with an integrated information system. Together, they provide coordinated super vision of the various control functions associated with the materials flow and a concentration of expertise.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 184 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -THE PROGRAMMER-ANALYST'S ROLE The pages that follow are based on observation, over the past few years, of the work done by programmer analysts. Although they come from a wide variety of backgrounds, and are trained in a variety of ways, they seem with rare exception to have at least two things in common . ¿ They have been trained to create, to organize new data structures, new programs. As a result they tend to regard the development of new projects as their principle job, and accept only with reluctance so-called maintenance work, for which hardly anyone volunteers . ¿ They have received no training at all in how to modify and develop existing programs and data structures. Programmers assigned to maintenance tasks come to consider their role as minor, their work tedious, and sometimes take such an assignment as an invitation to seek a job elsewhere. It is only natural that people take little interest in work for which they have not been trained. If we examine the curriculum of courses for beginning or for experienced data processing personnel, we find in fact that training concentrates exclusively on program design and data file organization, to the detriment of modification and development.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 160 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Netherlands Society for Systems Research was founded on 9 May 1970 to promote interdisciplinary scientific activity on basis of a systems approach. It has its seat in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Officers for the year 1978: President: G. Broekstra, Graduate School of Management, Delft Secretary: N. J. T. A. Kramer, Department ofIndustrial Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, Eindhoven. Treasurer: J. N. Herbschleb, University of Utrecht. All information about the society can be obtained from the secretary. The editor ADDRESSES OF AUTHORS Boot, M. , Institute of Applied and Computational Linguistics, State University Utrecht, Wilhelminapark 11, Utrecht, The Netherlands Broekstra, G. , Graduate School of Management, Poortweg 6--8, Delft, The Netherlands Dijkstra, W. , Free University, Department of Research Methods, De Boele laan 1115, Amsterdam, The Netherlands V. J. J. P. , University of Leiden, Institute of Phonetics, Schut Van Heuven, tersveld 9, Leiden, The Netherlands Kooijman, S. A. L. M. , Central Lab. TNO, Postbus 217, Delft, The Nether lands Koppelaar, H. , State University Utrecht, Department of Psychology, Model and Statistics Group, Jacobsstraat 14, Utrecht, The ling, Psychometrics Netherlands Kruijt, D. , State University Utrecht, Department of Sociology, Center for Comparative Socio-economic studies, Heidelberglaan 2, Utrecht, The Netherlands Metz, H. A. J. , University of Leiden, Institute of Theoretical Biology, Stations weg 25, Leiden, The Netherlands Verhoeff, J. , Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Van der Zouwen, J. 160 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware -The Netherlands Society for Systems Research was founded on 9 May 1970 to promote interdisciplinary scientific activity on basis of a systems approach. It has its seat in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Officers for the year 1978: President: G. Broekstra, Graduate School of Management, Delft Secretary: N. J. T. A. Kramer, Department ofIndustrial Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, Eindhoven. Treasurer: J. N. Herbschleb, University of Utrecht. All information about the society can be obtained from the secretary. The editor ADDRESSES OF AUTHORS Boot, M. , Institute of Applied and Computational Linguistics, State University Utrecht, Wilhelminapark 11, Utrecht, The Netherlands Broekstra, G. , Graduate School of Management, Poortweg 6--8, Delft, The Netherlands Dijkstra, W. , Free University, Department of Research Methods, De Boele laan 1115, Amsterdam, The Netherlands V. J. J. P. , University of Leiden, Institute of Phonetics, Schut Van Heuven, tersveld 9, Leiden, The Netherlands Kooijman, S. A. L. M. , Central Lab. TNO, Postbus 217, Delft, The Nether lands Koppelaar, H. , State University Utrecht, Department of Psychology, Model and Statistics Group, Jacobsstraat 14, Utrecht, The ling, Psychometrics Netherlands Kruijt, D. , State University Utrecht, Department of Sociology, Center for Comparative Socio-economic studies, Heidelberglaan 2, Utrecht, The Netherlands Metz, H. A. J. , University of Leiden, Institute of Theoretical Biology, Stations weg 25, Leiden, The Netherlands Verhoeff, J. , Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Van der Zouwen, J.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 160 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware 300 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Titel. Neuware Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 300 pp. Englisch.