Beschreibung
Folio (26.5 x 19 cm.), late-nineteenth- or early twentieth-century blue morocco, covers with triple-fillet gilt edge and panel and elaborate filigree ornament, spine richly gilt, pastedowns burgundy morocco with gilt panels and filigree ornament, facing flyleaves blue moiré, all edges gilt. In a recent navy morocco slipcase with dark blue moiré sides. Full-page woodcut of St. Benedict within woodcut border (putti and twining vines), xylographic title, 2 woodcut emblems of the Order of Aviz, woodcut initials (2 historiated). Gothic letter (Campos 1:105G and 4:122G), 2 columns. Washed and expertly re-sized; nevertheless, in exceptionally fine condition. (5), LIII [i.e., LXIII], (5) ll. Appears to lack preliminary blank, presumably canceled, as in all recorded copies. *** FIRST EDITION of the Rule for the crusading Order of Aviz (the equivalent of the Order of Calatrava in Spain), and one of the earliest and most important books in the Portuguese language. This is the first book printed in Almeirim, probably produced at a time when the Court was in residence there. Only two sixteenth-century books were printed in Almeirim.The Order of Aviz was the first of the military orders founded by the kings of Portugal, possibly established as early as 1162. It played a vital part in the foundation of the Portuguese nation and in the struggle against the Moors. While the Orders of Christ and S. Thiago also fought for the independence of Portugal at the end of the fourteenth and beginning of the fifteenth centuries, the Order of Aviz took the lead. It was Dom João I, Master of Aviz, who vanquished the Castilians at Aljubarrota and founded the dynasty that reigned in Portugal under the name of Aviz for nearly two centuries.Herman de Campos is recorded as a printer in Portugal between 1509 and 1518. Only 12 works are known from his press: one at Setúbal, ten at Lisbon, and this lone production at Almeirim. The only sources of information on him are his colophons, from which it appears that he came from Germany, possibly Kempen, in the Rhineland: his earliest work is signed "Herman de Kempis alemão." He may also have been the first officially appointed Portuguese royal printer. (See Norton pp. 499-500.) Of the seven other copies known of this work (several incomplete or otherwise in poor states of preservation), only one is in North America: the Palha copy, at the Houghton Library, Harvard University. Other locations are: British Library, Biblioteca Nacional-Rio de Janeiro; Biblioteca Pública e Arquivo Distrital de Ponta Delgada; Palace Library, Vila Viçosa (King Manuel's copy); Municipal Library-Évora; and Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal. This last, missing a leaf and in poor condition, was apparently the only copy to appear at auction in Portugal in the twentieth century: it was in the Azevedo-Samodães sale (lot 2658), purchased by Vítor Ávila Perez (lot 6269 in his sale).*** King Manuel 17. Norton, Descriptive Catalogue P1. Jüsten, Incunábulos e post-incunábulos portugueses 54. Anselmo 439. Innocêncio VII, 60-1. Pinto de Matos (1970) pp. 527-8. Figanière 1525. Martins de Carvalho, Diccionario bibliographico militar portuguez (1891), p. 227. BM Pre-1601 Spanish/Portuguese STC (1966) p. 128. Gusmão, Livros impressos no século XVI existentes na Biblioteca Pública e Arquivo Distrital de Évora, I, Tipografia portuguesa 884. Palha 2589. Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Catálogo dos impressos de tipografia portuguesa do século XVI 536. Livros impressos no século XVI existentes na Biblioteca Pública e Arquivo Distrital de Ponta Delgada 142. Maggs, Seventy-Five Spanish Books (Catalogue 589, 1933) 15: listed at £275. Not in Adams. Not in Sousa Viterbo, O movimento tipográfico em Portugal no século XVI. Not in Livros quinhentistas portugueses da Biblioteca da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa or Coimbra, Reservados. Not in Catálogo colectivo. Not located in KVK worldwide (51 databases searched; however, there is an incomplete copy in the Biblioteca Nacio. Bestandsnummer des Verkäufers 23322
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