Reseña del editor:
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1878 Excerpt: ...water-closets and sewers escape, in some degree, the most disagreeable form of scavenging, as the sewage is dealt with in bulk, either to be treated with chemicals and the fluid purified by land filtration; or, the sewage is used in broad irrigation. The cost of any of the processes must be regarded as expenditure of money for cleansing the town; there are in some places natural advantages which tend to diminish the cost, and there are other features in towns which necessarily increase cost. In some cases sewage will gravitate to the outlet and be at a sufficient elevation to flow over adjoining land, in other cases pumping is required. Where sewage requires to be pumped, it will be advisable to exclude surface-water, and where the gradients will permit of interception, all the sewage above a contour line should be intercepted, so as to reduce the low-level volume to be pumped. Sewage may be retained in tanks to remove the grosser particles; as, also, to retain the flow when on the sea shore or tidal estuary until ebb-tide sets in. Tanks may also be used for clarification purposes where chemicals are used. There has been some wasteful expenditure in tank construction, especially in providing for filtering, also in arching over and in roofing. Tanks cannot properly filter sewage; they can only store it for mechanical deposition, and for chemical treatment and deposition, and may therefore be of simple construction and should be open. The area on which they are formed may be enclosed, and then, with ordinary care, there need not be any nuisance injurious to health. All sewage should be disposed of, if practicable, on the day of its production, and the sediment, when emptied from the tanks should be disinfected, and be removed as rapidly as is practicable. Whe...
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