springer new york dez 1986 (13 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The clearest way into the Universe is through a forest wilderness. John MuIr As recently as 1970 the problem of obtaining optimal estimates for variance components in a mixed linear model with unbalanced data was considered a miasma of competing, generally weakly motivated estimators, with few firm gUidelines and many simple, compelling but Unanswered questions. Then in 1971 two significant beachheads were secured: the results of Rao [1971a, 1971b] and his MINQUE estimators, and related to these but not originally derived from them, the results of Seely [1971] obtained as part of his introduction of the no~ion of quad ratic subspace into the literature of variance component estimation. These two approaches were ultimately shown to be intimately related by Pukelsheim [1976], who used a linear model for the com ponents given by Mitra [1970], and in so doing, provided a mathemati cal framework for estimation which permitted the immediate applica tion of many of the familiar Gauss-Markov results, methods which had earlier been so successful in the estimation of the parameters in a linear model with only fixed effects. Moreover, this usually enor mous linear model for the components can be displayed as the starting point for many of the popular variance component estimation tech niques, thereby unifying the subject in addition to generating answers. 160 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -From the astrophysical scale of a swirling spiral galaxy, through the geophysical scale of a hurricane, down to the subatomic scale of elementary particles, vortical motion and vortex dynamics have played a profound role in our understanding of the physical world. Kuchemann referred to vortex dynamics as 'the sinews and muscles of fluid motion. ' In order to update our understanding of vortex dominated flows, NASA Langley Research Center and the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) conducted a workshop during July 9-11, 1985. The subject was broadly divided into five overlapping topics vortex dynamics, vortex breakdown, massive separation, vortex shedding from sharp leading edges and conically separated flows. Some of the experts in each of these areas were invited to provide an overview of the subject. This volume is the proceedings of the workshop and contains the latest, theoretical, numerical, and experimental work in the above-mentioned areas. Leibovich, Widnall, Moore and Sirovich discussed topics on the fundamentals of vortex dynamics, while Keller and Hafez treated the problem of vortex break down phenomena; the contributions of Smith, Davis and LeBalleur were in the area of massive separation and inviscid-viscous interactions, while those of Cheng, Hoeijmakers and Munnan dealt with sharp-leading-edge vortex flows; and Fiddes and Marconi represented the category of conical separated flows. 380 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The programming language C occupies an unusual position midway between conventional high-level and assembly languages, allowing the programmer to combine the best features of both. This book is an introduction to the language itself, and to the special style of thinking that goes with it. Anyone wishing to learn C is likely to have some experience in a high-level language such as BASIC or Pascal, and it seems sensible to make use of that experience. We therefore assume some facility with conventional notation for computer arith metic, and simple notions (such as looping and branching) common to most high-level languages. However, that cannot be the whole story. One cannot learn to speak colloquial French by thinking in English and performing a routine translation. No more can one learn to program in colloquial C by thinking in BASIC and performing a routine translation. However, when learning French it is normal to assume familiarity with English, building on that in the early stages, thereby creating the confidence necessary to provide that mot juste to which nothing corresponding exists in English. Our approach to C is similar. In particular we do not introduce at the very beginning some of the features of C which eventually lead to more efficient and elegant code-for example, the ability to do several things, apparently at once. Initially, such constructs can be confusing. Once the reader has acquired some facility with the language it then becomes possible to bring these features into play in a natural manner. 204 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the past several years, research into the frontal divisions of the ocean has been particularly intensive. The significance of this lies not only in the fact that, in the five years from 1976 to 1980, more than 500 papers on this question were published in various journals throughout the world and at least three major international discussions were held (see p. 17). The newness of the discussion of the topic stems from the qualitative reinterpretation of the physical essence of the phenomenon and its role in the ocean, particularly in the processes of mixing and structure formation. While in the past the conventional view of fronts as boundaries between large scale water masses of the ocean only led to the recognition of convenient classi fication limits created by nature itself, there is now a tendency to study oceanic fronts as integral elements of the dynamics of oceanic waters. As we understand it, fronts are being associated more and more with the dynamic and kinematic features which arise when kinetic energy and enstrophy are transmitted through a cascade of scales characterizing various forms of motion of a stratified medium in laterally confined oceanic basins. We are beginning to get a better understanding of the role synoptic-scale oceanic eddies play in the process of frontogenesis in the ocean. 344 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This volume is the collection of papers presented at the workshop on 'The Stability of Spatially Varying and Time Dependent Flows' sponsored by the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (lCASE) and NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) during August 19- 23, 1985. The purpose of this workshop was to bring together some of the experts in the field for an exchange of ideas to update the current status of knowledge and to help identify trends for future research. Among the invited speakers were D.M. Bushnell, M. Goldstein, P. Hall, Th. Herbert, R.E. Kelly, L. Mack, A.H. Nayfeh, F.T. Smith, and C. von Kerczek. The contributed papers were by A. Bayliss, R. Bodonyi, S. Cowley, C. Grosch, S. Lekoudis, P. Monkewitz, A. Patera, and C. Streett. In the first article, Bushnell provides a historical background on laminar flow control (LFC) research and summarizes the crucial role played by stability theory in LFC system design. He also identifies problem areas in stability theory requiring further research from the view-point of ap plications to LFC design. It is an excellent article for theoreticians looking for some down-to-earth applications of stability theory. 368 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This review covers the major systems of human physiology. The review is not ex haustive; it assumes that the student has completed a course in human physiology and wishes to refresh their memory in preparing for an examination. The student is advised to refer to a competent textbook several times in this review. This book is a revised version of a review book used by our medical students for over ten years. Coverage of the various topics in physiology is comparable to the percentage of questions on those topics in recent National Board, Part I examinations. Review questions follow every few pages of text in order to monitor your under standing of the just preceding material. The multiple choice questions are mainly of the two conventional types; 'single best answer' questions, for which you choose the single best answer, and 'multiple correct answer' questions, for which you choose the one or more correct alternatives. The two multiple choice formats have been standardized throughout the book. 248 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -These notes are the result of a course in dynamical systems given at Orsay during the 1976-77 academic year. I had given a similar course at the Gradu ate Center of the City University of New York the previous year and came to France equipped with the class notes of two of my students there, Carol Hurwitz and Michael Maller. My goal was to present Smale's n-Stability Theorem as completely and compactly as possible and in such a way that the students would have easy access to the literature. I was not confident that I could do all this in lectures in French, so I decided to distribute lecture notes. I wrote these notes in English and Remi Langevin translated them into French. His work involved much more than translation. He consistently corrected for style, clarity, and accuracy. Albert Fathi got involved in reading the manuscript. His role quickly expanded to extensive rewriting and writing. Fathi wrote (5. 1) and (5. 2) and rewrote Theorem 7. 8 when I was in despair of ever getting it right with all the details. He kept me honest at all points and played a large role in the final form of the manuscript. He also did the main work in getting the manuscript ready when I had left France and Langevin was unfortunately unavailable. I ran out of steam by the time it came to Chapter 10. M. 168 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -One Development of the Motivation for Particular Activity Scale.- Discussion.- Two In the Atkinson Tradition: The Motivational Function of Emotion.- Attributions Related to Affects.- Feelings Related to Action.- General Summary.- Three Conscious and Unconscious Processes in the Psychology of Motivation.- Four Motivational Chaos: A Simple Model.- The Concepts of Reflexivity and Interdependence.- A Recursive Model of Achievement Motivation.- Applications to Atkinson¿s Theory of Achievement Motivation.- Level of Aspiration: Some Preliminary Results.- Five Mathematical Model of the Behavioral Stream Measurement.- Six Uses of the Computer in Motivational Psychology.- Simulation-Generated Research Hypotheses.- Computer Presentation of Stimuli.- Modelling Empirical Results.- Computer Measure of Resultant Achievement Motivation.- Test-Retest Reliability.- Experimentally-Created Computer Anxiety.- Structural Differences Among the Experimental Situations.- Advantages and Disadvantages of Computer Use.- Seven Motivation and Efficiency of Cognitive Performance.- Strength of Motivation: The Implications of the Dynamics of Action.- Task Variables Affecting Efficient Performance.- Inefficiency as an Inappropriate Tradeoff.- Summary and Conclusions.- Eight Contextualism and Human Motives.- A Motive is Different at Different Points in the Life-cycle.- Sub-types of Motives.- Interaction of Motives: A Typology as a Way to Assess Motives.- Quality of Motives and Values Considered Simultaneously.- Conclusion.- Nine Human Values, Valences, Expectations and Affect: Theoretical Issues Emerging from Recent Applications of the Expectancy-Value Model.- Values and Actions.- Unemployment and Depressive Affect.- The Role of Affect.- The Nature of Expectations.- Ten Future Time Perspective: A Cognitive-Motivational Concept.- Theoretical Definitions.- Operationalizations of Future Time Perspective.- Future Time Perspective in Experimental Psychology.- FTP and Cognitive Theories of (Achievement) Motivation.- Affective Attitude Toward the Future.- Summary and Conclusion.- Epilogue. 216 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Introduction: Why Fuzzy Sets .- 1. Fuzzy Set Theory: The Basics.- 2. Is Fuzzy Set Theory Realistic .- 3. Fuzzy Scales and Measurement.- 4. Fuzziness and Internal Category Structure.- 5. Intercategory Relations and Taxonomic Analysis.- 6. Fuzzy Set Theory and Nonlinear Models.- 7. Prediction and Fuzzy Logic.- Epilogue: From Words to Numbers and Back Again.- Technical Glossary.- References.- Author Index. 336 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A small program is presented to motivate the concerns for programmer productivity and program quality that are the central issues of this set of essays. The example is one which demonstrates the performance aspect of programming. In order to achieve program quality, where a program is understood and known to be correct, we need a primary program description. This primary program description not only describes the program but is also used to generate the program. The method of applying primary program descriptions to produce programs is called metaprogramming and is described in Chapter 3. In the later chapters, we show how the method can be analyzed from an economic point of view to address the issues of productivity as well. 1 Introduction In thinking about programming over the last decade, I have concluded that very little is known about the process of programming or the engineering of software [1]. The consequence of having very little established truth to use as a basis for thinking about programming is that almost every conclusion must be reasoned out from first principles. Also, you cannot rely solely on textbooks but must use experimentation and direct observation to gain some experience with which to proceed. 260 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The earth, viewed through the window of an airplane, shows a regularity and reptition of features, for example, hills, valleys, rivers, lakes, and forests. Nevertheless, there is great local variation; Vermont does not look like Utah. Similarly, if we rise above the details of a few programming languages, we can discern features that are common to many languages. This is the programming language landscape; the main features include variables, types, control structures, and input/output. Again, there is local variation; Pascal does not look like Basic. This work is a broad and comprehensive discussion of the principal features of the major programming languages. A Study of Concepts The text surveys the landscape of programming languages and its features. Each chapter concentrates on a single language concept. A simple model of the feature, expressed as a mini-language, is presented. This allows us to study an issue in depth and relative isolation. Each chapter concludes with a discussion of the way in which the concept is incorporated into some well-known languages. This permits a reasonably complete coverage of language issues. 380 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Networks of queues arise frequently as models for a wide variety of congestion phenomena. Discrete event simulation is often the only available means for studying the behavior of complex networks and many such simulations are non Markovian in the sense that the underlying stochastic process cannot be repre sented as a continuous time Markov chain with countable state space. Based on representation of the underlying stochastic process of the simulation as a gen eralized semi-Markov process, this book develops probabilistic and statistical methods for discrete event simulation of networks of queues. The emphasis is on the use of underlying regenerative stochastic process structure for the design of simulation experiments and the analysis of simulation output. The most obvious methodological advantage of simulation is that in principle it is applicable to stochastic systems of arbitrary complexity. In practice, however, it is often a decidedly nontrivial matter to obtain from a simulation information that is both useful and accurate, and to obtain it in an efficient manner. These difficulties arise primarily from the inherent variability in a stochastic system, and it is necessary to seek theoretically sound and computationally efficient methods for carrying out the simulation. Apart from implementation consider ations, important concerns for simulation relate to efficient methods for generating sample paths of the underlying stochastic process. the design of simulation ex periments, and the analysis of simulation output. 236 pp. Englisch.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The heh~vior of matter anrl waves in a rlynamical setting nffer~ many challenging prohlems to the mathematician anrl the m~terials scientist alike. Unrler review in this volume are a variety of nonlioear phenomena whose con sirleration entails new perspectives, oot commooly fouorl in the literatllre. Of particular note is the experimental aspect of many of the papers. In arlrlition, attention has been given ta the interaction of electromagnetic anrl mechanical pro perties of materials. Ouestions arise which cannat naw he answererl. Attempts are marle to rlescrihe anrl to unrlerstand phenomena which are far from equilihrium ar which suffer ahrupt changes in behavior. Some of this requires tentative physical or aoalytical assumptions. The hases for these hypotheses lie in the quest for a rational theory which agrees with experiment. This Volume anr! Volume 2, ~scUJation theory, compution, an'! methorls ~ com pensated ~~mpact~ess, offer oi fferent vi ewpoi nts of some of the rlynami cal stllrli es considereo during the 19f14-19R5 IMA program, Continullm Physics and Partial Differenti al Equati ons. Contents of the other volumes, fOllnrl at the enrl of the hook, contain other relevant titles. 348 pp. Englisch.