dilger robert (127 Ergebnisse)

Paperback. Zustand: Very Good. First Edition. It's a well-cared-for item that has seen limited use. The item may show minor signs of wear. All the text is legible, with all pages included. It may have slight markings and/or highlighting.

Paperback. Zustand: Good. Good - Bumped and creased book with tears to the extremities, but not affecting the text block, may have remainder mark or previous owner's name - GOOD Standard-sized.

Zustand: As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

Zustand: As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

Soft cover. Zustand: Good. Has some light general reading/shelfwear - otherwise this is a clean, tight copy. Quick dispatch from the UK. Book.

Zustand: New. Brand New.

Paperback. Zustand: Brand New. 328 pages. 9.00x6.00x0.82 inches. In Stock.

Zustand: Used. pp. 320.

Zustand: New.

Zustand: Used. pp. 320.

Zustand: Brand New. New. US edition. Expediting shipping for all USA and Europe orders excluding PO Box. Excellent Customer Service.

Zustand: As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

Zustand: New. This is a Brand-new US Edition. This Item may be shipped from US or any other country as we have multiple locations worldwide.

Zustand: Used. pp. 320.

Zustand: New.

Zustand: As New. Unread book in perfect condition.

Zustand: New.

gebundene Ausgabe. Zustand: Gut. 191 Seiten Das hier angebotene Buch stammt aus einer teilaufgelösten Bibliothek und kann die entsprechenden Kennzeichnungen aufweisen (Rückenschild, Instituts-Stempel.); der Buchzustand ist ansonsten ordentlich und dem Alter entsprechend gut. In ENGLISCHER Sprache. Sprache: Englisch Gewicht in Gramm: 445.

Paperback / softback. Zustand: Good. Used copy in good condition - Usually dispatched within 4 working days.

8vo. Wraps. Poetry. ISBN: 0-9540772-0-2 Pages: 64 Very good indeed.

hardcover. Zustand: Good. Connecting readers with great books since 1972! Used textbooks may not include companion materials such as access codes, etc. May have some wear or writing/highlighting. We ship orders daily and Customer Service is our top priority!

Paperback. Zustand: new. Paperback. No two state budgets are alike. States have different budget cycles, different ways of preparing revenue estimates and forecasts, different requirements concerning their operating and capital budgets, different roles for their governors in the budget process, and different policies concerning the carrying over of operating budget deficits into the next fiscal year. Although no two state budgets are alike, all 50 states have experienced fiscal stress in recent years, especially during FY2009 and FY2010. The national economic recession, which officially lasted from December 2007 to June 2009, led to lower levels of economic activity throughout the nation and reduced state tax revenues. State tax revenues from all sources, including sales, personal, and corporate income tax collections, fell from $680.2 billion in FY2008 to $609.8 billion in FY2010, a decline of 10.3%. The decline in state tax revenue, coupled with increased demand for social services and state-balanced operating budget requirements, created what the National Association of State Budget Officers (NASBO) characterized as "one of the worst time periods in state fiscal conditions since the Great Depression." States closed nearly $230 billion in state budget shortfalls in FY2009 and FY2010; and $146.3 billion in state shortfalls in FY2011 and FY2012. State fiscal conditions improved during FY2011 and FY2012, and are projected to continue to improve in FY2013. However, states continue to experience fiscal challenges. For example, although state general fund revenue is projected to surpass pre-recession levels in FY2013 by about $13 billion (from $680.2 billion in FY2008 to $692.8 billion in FY2013), total general fund spending is projected to remain below pre-recession levels in FY2013 (from $687.3 billion in FY2008 to $681.3 billion in FY2013). State budget officers predict continuing budgetary challenges in virtually all states in FY2013, in part due to slow state revenue growth, the withdrawal of temporary federal assistance provided through P.L. 111-5, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), the need to replenish reserves, and increased costs for health care and other social services. Congressional interest in state budgetary finances has increased in recent years, primarily because state action to address budget shortfalls, such as increasing taxes, laying off or furloughing state employees, and postponing or eliminating state infrastructure projects, could have an adverse effect on the national economic recovery. For example, Federal Reserve Board Chairman Benjamin Bernanke stated on March 2, 2011, that the fiscal problems of state and local governments have "had national implications, as their spending cuts and tax increases have been a headwind on the economic recovery." Also, if states reduce their service levels there could be additional pressure for the federal government to provide those services. As funding from ARRA expires, there could be additional pressure for the federal government to provide additional federal assistance to states. This publication examines the current status of state fiscal conditions and the role of federal assistance in state budgets. It begins with a brief overview of state budgeting procedures and then provides budgetary data comparing state fiscal conditions in FY2008 to FY2011. The data indicate that (1) states reduced their general fund budgets from FY2008 to FY2011, but, because they received increased federal funding, increased their total amount of spending; (2) the share of total state expenditures held by the states' four operating expenditures budgets (general fund, federal funds, other state funds, and bonds) shifted from FY2008 to FY2011, with an increased reliance on federal funds; and (3) states experienced varying levels of fiscal stress from FY2008 to FY2011. This publicatio Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Paperback. Zustand: new. Paperback. Small business size standards are of congressional interest because the standards determine eligibility for receiving Small Business Administration (SBA) assistance as well as federal contracting and tax preferences. Although there is bipartisan agreement that the nation's small businesses play an important role in the American economy, there are differences of opinion concerning how to define them. The Small Business Act of 1953 (P.L. 83-163, as amended) authorized the SBA to establish size standards for determining eligibility for federal small business assistance. The SBA currently uses two size standards to determine SBA program eligibility: industry-specific size standards and an alternative size standard based on the applicant's maximum tangible net worth and average net income after federal taxes. The SBA's industry-specific size standards determine program eligibility for firms in 1,047 industrial classifications in 18 sub-industry activities described in the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The size standards are based on the following five measures: number of employees, average annual receipts in the previous three years, asset size, annual megawatt hours of electric output in the preceding fiscal year, or a combination of number of employees and barrel per day refining capacity. Overall, the SBA currently classifies about 97% of all employer firms as small. These firms represent about 30% of industry receipts. The SBA has always based its size standards on economic analysis of each industry's overall competitiveness and the competitiveness of firms within each industry. However, in the absence of precise statutory guidance and consensus on how to define small, the SBA's size standards have often been challenged, typically by industry representatives seeking to increase the number of firms eligible for assistance and by Members concerned that the size standards may not adequately target assistance to firms that they consider to be truly small. During the 111th Congress, P.L. 111-240, the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, authorized the SBA to establish an alternative size standard using maximum tangible net worth and average net income after federal taxes for both the 7(a) and 504/CDC loan guaranty programs. It also established, until the SBA acted, an interim alternative size standard for the 7(a) and 504/CDC programs of not more than $15 million in tangible net worth and not more than $5 million in average net income after federal taxes (excluding any carry-over losses) for the two full fiscal years before the date of the application. It also required the SBA to conduct a detailed review of not less than one-third of the SBA's industry size standards every 18 months. This report provides a historical examination of the SBA's size standards, assesses competing views concerning how to define a small business, and discusses how the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010 might affect program eligibility. It also discusses H.R. 585, the Small Business Size Standard Flexibility Act of 2011, which would authorize the SBA's Office of Chief Counsel for Advocacy to approve or disapprove a size standard proposed by a federal agency if it deviates from the SBA's size standards. The SBA's Administrator currently has that authority. It also discusses H.R. 3987, the Small Business Protection Act of 2012, and H.R. 4310, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, which would require the SBA to make available a justification when establishing or approving a size standard that the size standard is appropriate for each individual industry classification within a grouping of four-digit NAICS codes. These two bills also address the SBA's recent practice of combining size standards within industrial groups as a means to reduce the complexity of its size standards and to provide greater Shipping may be from our UK warehouse or from our Australian or US warehouses, depending on stock availability.

Zustand: New.

Hardcover. Zustand: Good. Hardcover, no dust jacket. Blue-gray cloth over boards with gold lettering to the front cover and spine. Dated 2003 on copyright page. No date on title page. 191 pages. Good condition. Boards are strong and square. NO bumps or rubbing. Heavy highlighting for the first 22 pages and on page 33, but the rest of the book is clean and free of marks. Overall good condition. Please email with questions or to see any photos.

Zustand: New. In.

Zustand: New. America's ad-hoc ground, water, and air transportation policies reflect historical trends in national politics, institutional arrangements, and the prevailing national political culture. Num Pages: 200 pages, black & white illustrations. BIC Classification: JPQB. Category: (G) General (US: Trade). Dimension: 229 x 152 x 15. Weight in Grams: 467. . 2002. hardcover. . . . .

Hardback. Zustand: New. This book examines the role of residential community associations in the American intergovernmental system of governance. Residential community associations (RCAs) have experienced phenomenal growth in recent years, yet their significance and impact remains largely unexamined Robert Jay Dilger here identifies the extent and nature of the services and operations provided by RCAs, documents their development as a housing and land use planning innovation, and analyzes their role in acting, in many ways, as a substitute for local governments. Dilger illustrates the many ways in which RCAs are influential actors in the American political and intergovernmental process. Examining this impact of RCAs on local politics, he also extrapolates to determine the implications of their proliferation for American governance and democratic values. Economic conditions and consumer preferences suggest, he argues, that RCAs will continue to play an vital role in American governance well into the 21st century. Essential reading for anyone interested in public policy, local politics and government, this book is the definitive account of these increasingly powerful organizations.

Zustand: New. In.

Zustand: New. In.