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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: 1,0, University of Regensburg (Lehrstuhl für Politische Philosophie und Ideengeschichte), course: Grundkurs: Einführung in die Politische Philosophie, language: English, abstract: This paper attempts to analyze the distinction of friend and enemy in the Colombian armed conflict, exploring the causes of its emergence, examining the most intense phases of enmity during the conflict and evaluating the possibilities of reconciliation.Colombian history has been heavily marked by a longstanding internal armed conflict of decades, accompanied by a remarkable political, and even moral discourse of the friend and the enemy. The distinct phases of the distinction between friend and enemy have reflected either a political tension between the involved actors, or a brutal confrontation that has led until the present time to a devastating outcome. However, the radicalization of the enmity, especially characteristic of the last decades, has attenuated with the enhanced desire of peacebuilding in the country. In this sense, the Peace Accords of 2016 can be considered as an important milestone towards peaceful coexistence and as a vital step in the reconsideration of the friendenemy distinction.In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the Colombian armed conflict from this theoretical framework, some of the most important aspects of its emergence, development and resolution will be analyzed in accord with core arguments of the Concept of The Political and the Theory of the Partisan of Carl Schmitt. On one side it is attempted to determine if the typical friend-enemy distinction of the German political theorist can be applied to the Colombian case. On the other hand, it should be analyzed on what extent the FARC, seen as the public enemy, reflect the partisan nature and personify the absolute enemy characterized by Schmitt. Likewise, it should be evaluated if the different phases of the friend-enemy distinction, directly connected to a degree of political tension and enmity, can also be found in the development of Colombian armed conflict throughout its prolonged history.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Colombia's long path towards peace was marked by the signing of a peace agreement in 2016 that was supposed to officially put an end to the longest-running conflict in modern Latin America. Even after more than four years, violence continues to plague the country. Although the conflict's origin is complex and multicausal, some of its root causes, such as socioeconomic inequality, limited political participation and the state's absence in several regions, remain unsettled. Since the effects of this conflict's prolongation go far beyond Colombian national borders, the international community has been morally obliged to cooperate with the national government to support the building of sustainable peace in the country by helping to tackle some of the structural causes of the conflict. Specifically, The European Trust Fund for Colombia (EUTF for Colombia) - established in December 2016 - embodies the EU's aim to contribute to sustainable development in the long run. The following study attempts to examine the EU peacebuilding strategy in Colombia in the aftermath of the conflict. 64 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject Politics - Topic: International relations, grade: 17/20, University of Liège (Political Science), course: South Asia in International Relations, language: English, abstract: The varieties and possible geostrategic considerations accompanying the Sino-African partnership are examined in more detail throughout the following paper. The main question guiding the analysis is, therefore: what is the role of geostrategic considerations in Chinäs foreign policy toward the African continent By 2050, Africa will host one-quarter of the world¿s population. Its growing economic importance can be traced back to the fact that the largest reserves of cobalt, diamonds, platinum and uranium in the world are found in this continent (cf. UNEP 2022). Africa has furthermore the world¿s largest free trade area (AfCFTA) and thus an enormous potential for global economic growth. This has brought along an increasing engagement of China in the continent. The aspects of Chinese African relations range from pure economic transactions and massive infrastructure investment to language policy.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Seminar paper from the year 2022 in the subject Politics - Region: Middle and South America, grade: 1,7, University of Frankfurt (Main) (Political Science/ Peace and Conflict studies), course: Democracy Promotion, language: English, abstract: The following paper aims to assess the impact of U.S electoral aid and party assistance in the outcome of the aforementioned plebiscite. Chile, unlike other cases of U.S democracy promotion in the continent, is conspicuous for its relatively peaceful democratization, which is why it has become one of the exemplary cases of assisting democracy by these means. With the national referendum on October 25th of 2020, in which nearly 80% of the electorate agreed on the drafting of a new constitution that aimed to put an end to the lasting legacies of Pinochet¿s dictatorship, Chileans set a historical milestone that would make room for new political reform and thus broaden democracy in the country. Being ranked as the second most free country in Latin America, Chile has proven to have successfully reconsolidated democratic tradition after a nearly 20-year dictatorial regime under General Augusto Pinochet between 1973 and 1990. In view of recent political events in the country, it results of vital importance to go back to the late 1980s. In this vein, the 1988 presidential plebiscite does not only represent a pivotal event for the 20th century but stands for a turning point in Chilean modern history, since it put an end to 17 years of dictatorial rule and set a breakthrough democracy. It is worth highlighting that despite such development, the transition to democracy did not occur without difficulties. Legacies dating back from Pinochet¿s era indeed continue to shape political debate until the present day. This, however, raises interesting and politically relevant questions around the long-term impact of democracy promotion, more specifically of electoral aid and party assistance.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: USA, grade: 1,3, University of Regensburg (Lehrstuhl für Internationale Politik), course: Grundkurs: Einführung in die Internationale Politik, language: English, abstract: This paper attempts to analyze which factors played a significant role in the resumption of the diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba during Obama's administration (2009-2017). The diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba have been deeply shaped by several political and especially ideological tensions since the 20th century. The US foreign policy to-wards Cuba in the last decades has been characterized by hard-power measures such as sanctions and restrictions. However, a milestone in the history of the continent has been placed by Obama's government, which achieved a historical rapprochement with the Cuban government of Castro. Both US and Cuba don't know the ultimate outcome of the normalization process that started during the Obama's administration; nevertheless, they expect to move even more toward a friendly relationship despite the changes in the Cuba-foreign policy in the current times. In order to determine which aspects were crucial for the attainment of this historical event, the most important arguments from the commercial liberalism and the constructivist theory should be examined. On one side it should be analyzed whether some of the structural changes and economic developments brought with the end of the Fidel Castro era had a significant impact on the shift in the U.S foreign policy toward Cuba and favored the resumption of the diplomatic relations with Cuba. On the other hand, it should be discussed which disparities and similarities in the national identities, and values of both countries, which root in very diverse historical events; may have contributed to a political rapprochement.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - Political Theory and the History of Ideas Journal, grade: 1,0, University of Regensburg (Lehrstuhl für Politische Philosophie und Ideengeschichte), course: Grundkurs: Einführung in die Politische Philosophie, language: English, abstract: This paper attempts to analyze the distinction of friend and enemy in the Colombian armed conflict, exploring the causes of its emergence, examining the most intense phases of enmity during the conflict and evaluating the possibilities of reconciliation.Colombian history has been heavily marked by a longstanding internal armed conflict of decades, accompanied by a remarkable political, and even moral discourse of the friend and the enemy. The distinct phases of the distinction between friend and enemy have reflected either a political tension between the involved actors, or a brutal confrontation that has led until the present time to a devastating outcome. However, the radicalization of the enmity, especially characteristic of the last decades, has attenuated with the enhanced desire of peacebuilding in the country. In this sense, the Peace Accords of 2016 can be considered as an important milestone towards peaceful coexistence and as a vital step in the reconsideration of the friendenemy distinction.In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the Colombian armed conflict from this theoretical framework, some of the most important aspects of its emergence, development and resolution will be analyzed in accord with core arguments of the Concept of The Political and the Theory of the Partisan of Carl Schmitt. On one side it is attempted to determine if the typical friend-enemy distinction of the German political theorist can be applied to the Colombian case. On the other hand, it should be analyzed on what extent the FARC, seen as the public enemy, reflect the partisan nature and personify the absolute enemy characterized by Schmitt. Likewise, it should be evaluated if the different phases of the friend-enemy distinction, directly connected to a degree of political tension and enmity, can also be found in the development of Colombian armed conflict throughout its prolonged history.