plot robert 1640 1696 (16 Ergebnisse)

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Paperback or Softback. Zustand: New. The Natural History of Oxford-shire: Being an Essay Toward the Natural History of England. Book.

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PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. THIS BOOK IS PRINTED ON DEMAND. Established seller since 2000.

PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Delivered from our UK warehouse in 4 to 14 business days. THIS BOOK IS PRINTED ON DEMAND. Established seller since 2000.

Hardcover. Zustand: Fine. FIRST EDITION. An excellent, very tall copy on heavy paper. Bound in contemporary English paneled calf, (nicely rebacked and with repairs to the corners, some mild surface wear. The boards are framed by a double gilt rule, the central compartment with a roll-tooled border and ornate floral tools at the corners, gilt. The text is illustrated with a large folding map of Oxfordshire and sixteen full-paged engravings of fossils, minerals, plants, the fascinating Enston waterworks, and other marvels and curiosities, by Michael Burghers. Trivial blemishes as follows: Light finger-soiling to lower corner of t.p., light stain in the gutter of first two leaves, clear dampstain to outer margin of leaf B4, gathering H, and first plate; small burn hole in margin of leaf L1, U4 small paper flaw in blank margin. Note on imprimatur leaf "Large paper copy." "Of all of the British naturalists of the late seventeenth-century, few represent the omnivorous curiosity of the Baconian tradition and its passion for collecting specimens and observations for their own sake so well as Robert Plot. In 1674 he drew up an itinerary patterned on those of earlier English antiquaries; but whereas they had been concerned with books and buildings to the exclusion of natural history and technology, Plot intended to tour England and Wales in search of 'all curiosities both of art and nature such. as transcend the ordinary performances of the one and are out of the ordinary road of the other.' He began with the county in which he was then living, starting work on his 'Natural History of Oxfordshire' in June 1674; by November 1675 he had a fine collection of minerals to exhibit to the Royal Society, and the book appeared in 1677. On the strength of the 'Natural history', Plot was appointed fellow of the Royal Society in 1677. He was secretary in 1682-1684 and thus joint editor of the Philosophical Transactions, most of which were printed at Oxford during his term of office; he was elected secretary in 1692. His success as a collector of rarities must also have helped when, in March 1683, the University of Oxford appointed him first keeper of the newly acquired Ashmolean Museum. "Some seventy species of fossils are described. Here we have excellent descriptions and beautifully engraved drawings of these objects from the Jurassic and Cretaceous. Among them are many well-known forms. He recognized the essential differences between those unrelated groups of bivalved shells, the brachiopods and the lamellibranchs". (Challinor p. 62). This work also contains the first depiction of a dinosaur fossil. The fossil femur, identified by Plot as belonging to an elephant (and later as the femur of a giant), is now believed to have belonged to a Megalosaurus. The illustration is bound before page 143. The fossil had been discovered in 1676 in the Taynton Limestone Formation of the Stonesfield quarry. In the 19th c., Richard Owen used the Megalosaurus, along with the Iguanodon and Hylaeosaurus to define the dinosauria. "Plot's stress on the unusual and the anomalous, and his expectation that more can be learned from exceptions than from the general rule, apparently stemmed from his interpretation of the Baconian inheritance; this approach gives his natural histories a rather bizarre and curious flavor- his zoology tends to be teratology. He started with the heavens -curious meteorological phenomena observed in the country- then its airs (acoustic researches into sites famous for their echoes), waters-especially mineral and medicinal-and earths. The phenomena of erosion, which he called 'deterration', are discussed. He had some notion of stratigraphy, observing that 'the Earth is here [Shotover Hill], as at most other places, I think I may say of a bulbous nature, several folds of diverse colour and consistencies still including one another.' "Plot also made an extensive study of 'formed stones' or fossils, without appreciating that they could be used to identify strata. The controversy on the origins of fossils was then at its height. Plot argued, from the differences between fossil shells and any known specimens of the living shellfish they were thought to represent, that fossil shells were crystallizations of mineral salts; their zoomorphic appearance was as coincidental as the regular shapes of stalactites or snowflakes. Large quadruped fossils he considered the remains of giants, except for one identified as that of an elephant through comparison with an Elephant skull in the Ashmolean museum. "One of [Plot's] main objectives was to describe local crafts and farming techniques, in the hope of diffusing successful practices or new inventions throughout the country. Thus technological information is scattered through both his works on natural history, providing useful evidence on contemporary agriculture, mines, and such industries as the Staffordshire potteries." (DSB).

Full Calf. Zustand: Near Fine. First Edition. Complete in folio (311 x 181mm): [12],358,[12]pp, with magnificent folding map of Oxfordshire (often wanting), bordered with images of arms of colleges, towns, landowners and gentry; large engraved title-page vignette, and 16 numbered full-page plates by Michael Burghers, of flora and fauna, rocks and minerals, and some seventy species of fossils from the Jurassic and Cretaceous, including the first known illustration of a dinosaur bone (actually, the knee-end of the thigh bone, which Plot mistakenly thought had come from an elephant taken to Britain in Roman times), each with dedication within ornate cartouche to the owner of the land where objects illustrated were found. Contemporary Cambridge-style calf, respined to style with red morocco title and author labels gilt, date in gilt to foot, end papers renewed. Copper-engraved armorial book plate of "Orwell Park" reaffixed to front paste-down. An excellent copy, with only light scattered foxing, plates bright, binding firm. Wing P2585. Madan 3130. Lowndes ("an admirable work") 1886. ESTC Citation No. R473650. Bibliotheca Bibliographici 3454. Challinor 10. Geology Emerging 1801 (wanting the map). Mullens, p. 8. Four issues of the first edition are known, with no priority established (in our issue the author's name is given in full and at foot of the title page appears: "The price in sheets at the press, nine shillings. To subscribers, eight shillings."). Posthumously reprinted in a revised and enlarged second edition in 1705 with a life of Plot by his stepson John Burman. Plot, first professor of chemistry at Oxford and first keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, is best known for this "singular medley of natural philosophy, palaelogy, and the animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms from man downward," (Madan) followed by the Natural History of Staffordshire, published in 1686. (Plot had planned surveys of all the English Counties, but only completed those of Oxfordshire and Staffordshire.) Oxford-Shire is filled with descriptions and illustrations of a wide range of specimens, and had immediate and far reaching influence. Throughout, in his choices of specimens and antiquities to present, Plot seems always to stress the anomalous. Admiral Edward Vernon (1684-1757), whose copy this was (or perhaps that of one of his immediate descendants), built the house and lived at Orwell Park, at Nacton in Suffolk, between 1725 and 1757. Vernon was famous for sea campaigns against the French and Spanish, with George Washington's half-brother, Lawrence Washington, serving aboard Vernon's flagship as Captain of the Marines in 1741. George Washington later named the town of Mount Vernon in Virginia after the Admiral. Following Vernon's death, on 30 October 1757, his cousin, Francis Vernon (1715-1783), rebuilt the house, adding an extensive deer park. He also bought the title of Viscount Orwell, as a result of which the lands became known as Orwell Deer Park, and later simply Orwell Park. N. B. With few exceptions (always identified), we only stock books in exceptional condition, with dust jackets carefully preserved in archival, removable mylar sleeves. All orders are packaged with care and posted promptly. Satisfaction guaranteed. (Fine Editions Ltd is a member of the Independent Online Booksellers Association, and we subscribe to its codes of ethics.).

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Zustand: New. Print on Demand pp. 436.

Zustand: New. Print on Demand pp. 436.

Paperback / softback. Zustand: New. This item is printed on demand. New copy - Usually dispatched within 5-9 working days.

Zustand: New. PRINT ON DEMAND pp. 436.