biblioscholar nov 2012 (Mehr als 1.000 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Operation DESERT STORM has been widely proclaimed as the first 'space war' the United States foughtbut was it really Or was it really the first 'information age' war Since our ability to operate in space was never challenged, I contend there was never really a battle for space superiority. There was however, a battle for information superiority. Both coalition and Iraqi forces conducted surveillance and reconnaissance operations to gain and exploit information, while simultaneously taking actions to mask their true intentions. The coalition forces were able to obtain information superiority over Iraq through the employment of superior intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) assets, and effective OPSEC and deception activities. This information superiority enabled the coalition forces to monitor Iraqi forces and convince Sadaam Hussein that an amphibious operation was forthcoming, while simultaneously moving forces to conduct the now famous 'left hook' maneuver that caught Sadaam and his forces by surprise.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - A unique review of a little-known strategic research project conducted at Air University during the early 1950s.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Since World War II the United States has almost continually gotten itself involved in military operations that can be seen as nation building experiments vice defense of our homeland and democracy. Media reporting today comes out instantaneously and many Americans find themselves wondering why the US Government is putting our precious resource (our Armed Forces) into harm's way to help build new nations around the world. Today, the fights in Iraq and Afghanistan have been contentious and long, and although the media reporting is constant, most Americans really have no idea what is really going on in that part of the world and why these fights are taking so long. The US Government constantly reports that we have gotten ourselves into these fights to protect our democracy, stop the spread of Communism and the ideals of radical Islam, but the US people can't comprehend those reasons because they truly don't understand the realities that could happen if we don't get involved.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The number of Reservists who have never served on extended active duty is growing as a percentage of the Total Force. In the spirit of transformation it is necessary to re-examine the traditional method of providing these non-prior service (NPS) Reservists with accession level training (i.e. boot camp). The traditional approach is inflexible and reflects a Cold War mentality about readiness but the alternatives methods are not clear. This paper, therefore, includes consideration of the Naval Reserve's non-traditional approach to enlisted NPS accession level training and compares it to the traditional approach used by the other elements in the Reserve component and discusses the trade-offs that the Services must make between the two approaches. Reflection on the possible role of the distance learning methodologies used in adult learning on the accession level training process is also included.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - With NATO undergoing transformation to embrace out-of-area mission responsibilities emerges a need for NATO to provide the level of space support to all the NATO forces that only a few NATO member nations enjoy today. It is incumbent on NATO's nations to lead the effort to develop an organization to harness the collective space capabilities of NATO member nations and deliver them to NATO commanders and forces. The purpose of this research paper is to examine the actions needed to create an organic NATO space support capability by focusing on harnessing existing space capabilities and proposing some sensible counterspace actions to take. The paper outlines an exploitation framework that leverages NATO's existing transformation and resource structures to ensure that the forces get the capabilities and training they need to meet evolving needs. Lastly, several key policy issues are examined that must be addressed in order to break free of the status quo. Why is this necessary.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In 1986, the US Congress passed the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act (GNA), streamlining the military chain of command and promoting jointness and unity of effort within the US military and DoD. Capitalizing on lessons learned from previous eras and military operations, the architects of the GNA accurately envisioned the power a well-organized and structured joint military force could project, and set into motion the groundwork for what today is the most lethal and synergistic military in the world. As the United States continues to address emerging complex contingency operations, the DoD has certainly benefited from that [GNA] reorganization, but has struggled to integrate with a legacy interagency process. The existing dichotomy between the DoD and the interagency process could perhaps be alleviated through a GNA-like restructure for the interagency process. Recently, there have been many proposals and studies detailing such reorganization. Those details aside, any initiative for the US interagency national security policy planning and execution process should be structured along the lines reflecting the salient characteristics of military organization.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Since the creation of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in 2001, there has been tension between the US led Operation Enduring Freedom and the NATO led ISAF. Because of differing chains of command, levels of classification and systems, there was a lack of unity of effort in the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) collection operations. With the growth of all military forces in Afghanistan, there has been a reorganization to put all conventional forces operating in Afghanistan under the ISAF Joint Command. Collection management for conventional forces in Afghanistan is now conducted by the ISR Division (ISRD) within the IJC and sets the stage for more effective and efficient use of ISR collection platforms.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The heritage, image and identity of the United States Air Force (USAF) was cultivated from the heroic exploits of American aces born forged from aerial dog fights of World War I (WWI). This celebrated pilot heritage and image became ingrained as pilot exploits were heralded in the US media and the identity of the fledgling air service reached new heights. Not to be outdone, strategic bombing advocates such as General 'Billy' Mitchell and 'Hap' Arnold further developed USAF's identity in the quest for its independence. American pilots were held in great esteem by an admiring public, and were equally successful in dominating US military aviation leadership positions, as exemplified by General Henry 'Hap' Arnold, the first Chief of the Army Air Forces and its Commanding General during World War II.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The purpose of this paper is to generate ideas and thought about promoting U.S. military officers to rank of the five star general or admiral. It must be noted that the promotion of an officer to the five star rank is, in today's world, more of a political statement than one of military necessity. The U.S. government is operating in its world wide interests and the Global War on Terrorism effectively by many standards. The idea of promoting an officer to the rank of five star general or admiral is one future trend or claim that could increase the U.S. military presence and publicly promote U.S. military affairs through out the world. More specifically it might provide greater status to the US military culture and the public support that is required to continue a controversial war on terrorism which at this time does not have a specific end state. This paper will examine some of the military leadership aspects that might assist the US winning the Global War on Terrorism.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Over the past six decades, the active duty Air Force has significantly changed the way it utilizes Air National Guard (ANG) and Reserve manpower. The continually increasing military operations tempo (OPSTEMPO), combined with a constrained federal budget, has contributed greatly to these changes. The original design for the reserves was a crisis response force for use primarily in times of war or national emergency. The primary concept for the reserve forces was to train and maintain an effective military force of citizen-soldiers with sufficient capabilities for activation to full combat-ready status when needed with little last minute training.1 These citizen-soldiers would gather periodically to conduct military training in order to maintain their combat ready skills. Since the mid-nineties, however, the use of the ANG and Reserve by the active duty Air Force has evolved from primarily crisis-response to utilizing them for steady-state operations. The increased usage of the reserve forces for steady-state operations has had both a positive and negative impact on both the active Air Force and the reserve forces.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In the future, the United States will need more, not fewer allies to meet the challenges posed by international terrorism, WMD, and other treaties. Strategic building policies such as the State Partnership Program can help bring more allies and coalition partners into the fold while moving the United States toward another increasing vital source of protection: a more free and prosperous world.1 The National Guard (NG) State Partnership Program (SPP) links states with partner countries' defense ministries and other governmental agencies for the purpose of improving relations with the United States. This paper examines the history and the role of the National Guard SPP in support of the 2002 National Security Strategy of the United States and the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) and why the program expansion should reach deeper into the medical area of cooperation to answer the question, 'is there a Medical Concept of Operations (CONOPS) and if not is there a need for an overarching CONOPS in the SPP ' This paper emphasizes SPP events specifically in United States European Command (USEUCOM). In December, 1991, the Soviet Union, with its centralized political and economic system ceased to exist and fifteen newly formed independent countries emerged in its aftermath. The collapse of the Soviet Union transformed political, economic, social and military alliances all over the globe. The National Guard State Partnership Program was established in 1993 in response to the radically changed political-military situation following the collapse of Communism and the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The US military procurement system in general, and military aviation procurement in particular, is in a financial death spiral. Many acquisition programs in the Department of Defense have taken the approach of trying to field superior military capability in the form of a handful of silver-bullet platforms packed with as much multi-mission capability and risky cutting-edge technology as possible. This has resulted in long program delays, rising costs, and very few platforms ultimately being produced. This paper examines some examples from history including the Tactical Fighter Experimental (TFX) of the 1960's and the current Joint Strike Fighter program to outline some of the major roadblocks to delivering sufficient military capability on time and within budget. The conclusion is that the cost and delays in trying to deliver the best-of-the-best instead of the good-enough prevent enough platforms from being delivered, produces a force structure not optimized for its most common missions, and results in premium assets being used at extremely high rates in sub-optimal modes while incurring huge operating costs.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - On October 8th of this year, the Air Force announced the selection of its new motto: 'Aim High -- Fly, Fight, Win.' This completed several months of research to find a service unifying rallying cry similar to the Marine Corps' 'Semper Fidelis.' This announcement came on the heels of terminating the Air Force's 'Above All' recruiting campaign. 'Above All' was seen by many as not just a recruiting pitch but the Air Force motto as well. The line between a motto and a recruiting slogan can be very thin.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Recent events at the US Air Force Academy indicate that the value of religious tolerance may be undergoing a challenge in the military services. Religious intolerance, or religious insensitivity, can be defined many different ways. A good working definition of religious intolerance is 'not respecting the fundamental human right of other people to hold religious beliefs that are different from your own.' The First Amendment's Establishment Clause prohibits government from favoring one religion another, and from promoting religion generally. That constitutional requirement applies to the military just as it applies to all other branches of government. So without surprise, when the US Air Force Academy was thrown into controversy over charges of religious intolerance, it didn't take long for critics to jump all over the topic. In an attempt to address the issue, senior leadership has now released two sets of interim guidelines concerning the free exercise of religion in the US Air Force. They only proved to be a futile attempt to squelch this rapidly growing problem.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - As the USAF addresses today's environment of transformation, and the DoD goal of creating a lasting environment in which new ideas can flourish, each service must address the leadership requirements created by these demands, and ensure an enduring is in place to develop future leaders. In the last few years, the USAF has begun leadership development efforts in earnest, and is tailoring plans to focus on creating leaders who can adapt to the future demands of the force. One of the challenges faced within the service is that 'most military transformation strategies still pose the central problem of getting laggards to realize that breaking out of longstanding behaviors is vital' and even beneficial.1 Looking specifically at Officer Force Development efforts through the prism of transformation, the central question becomes whether or not the AF is creating leaders who can foster transformation and will the efforts last.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Counterinsurgency (COIN) operations have been a reality for nation-states for millennia and will continue to be for the foreseeable future. The US military should strive to understand how to conduct them successfully. All military activities have associated risks and COIN is no different. Commanders who aptly manage these risks are more likely to achieve success. In COIN, force protection is one key risk commanders must balance to create the opportunity for success. This paper concludes that although protecting the force is necessary in any threat environment, an overemphasis on force protection actually limits the effectiveness of COIN operations. The US effort in Iraq, viewed as a case study, provides a key lesson for conducting successful COIN.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The post-transformation Joint Force Commander (JFC) will expect more from the US Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) than efficient airlift. The JFC will attempt to attack the enemy in a rapid, discontinous and simultaneous manner using infiltration into multiple points of entry. To achieve this, he will avoid the use of large, predictable ports for force buildup and eventual deployment in the traditional manner. This is the vision set forth in the 2006 QDR and echoed in the US Army transformation documents. The implied task for the joint mobility system is to be prepared to utilize austere points of entry (APE) such as seized enemy airdromes, dirt and highway landing zones. For a mobility system built around established ports and a culture of risk aversion, this requirement presents a great challenge. Many changes are ahead for the joint mobility system which seeks to provide 'factory to foxhole' mobility for its joint customers.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - A commonly used quote from the Greek philosopher Heraclitus of Ephesus, 'the only constant is change and change is the only constant' can be easily observed in the organizational history of the aircraft maintenance community. In 1958, Major General T. Alan Bennett, the Director of USAF Maintenance Engineering, commented upon the need to focus on the aircraft maintenance field and the drive for change: The Maintenance-Engineering functional area currently uses or controls approximately 33% of the total manpower and 40% of the available operating dollars allocated to the USAF [to date]indications are that Maintenance-Engineering will play an even more dominant role in future operations with no increase in resources. The tactical aircraft maintenance level has undergone a myriad of organizational change since the birth of the U.S. Air Force in 1947. The aircraft maintenance community has centralized and decentralized with the demands placed upon it and the resources available. Through the multitude of centralizations and decentralizations both organizational successes and failures have been discussed at length, as the next series of changes is proposed and implemented.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The USAF faces a budget crisis that senior Air Force leaders feel can only be mitigated by cutting the force. The planned and ongoing cut calls for a 40,000 person force reduction. This reduction will free up badly needed budgetary dollars to help re-capitalize and modernize our aging air and space platforms. The researcher sets out to answer the following question: What impact will the United States Air Force's 40,000 person drawdown have on its ability to effectively support the global war on terror (GWOT) The researcher argues that the USAF's 40,000 person drawdown runs counter to fighting the GWOT, because it sends a message to its most precious resources that they are not needed. An alternate solution, in the form of a smaller cut, is necessary to keep the warrior ethos alive in our Airmen. The researcher argues that an alternate solution to the drawdown will help preserve USAF morale, retention, and recruitment, and guarantee our continued success in the GWOT.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Modern technological warfare has escaped the bounds of traditional jus ad bellum arguments limiting the use of force. The push-button technologies of tomorrow such as stealth autonomous attack aircraft, robot tanks, hyper-velocity globe spanning missiles, and space-based weapons have irrevocably pushed modern coercive force outside the constraints of traditional warfare. As the distance between policymakers and weapon application becomes more technologically removed the temptation to apply force for arbitrary political gain is no longer balanced by the probable loss of American lives. The traditional constraints the bellum arguments of just cause, right intention, proper authority, last resort and probability of success will continue to lose applicability just as the traditional construct of fielded armies breaks down in favor of remote technological combat options. To address this increasing chasm between force policy and capability, a new system of constraints must be developed that addresses the interconnected, political, and economic reality of a future America. This jus ad coactum, or just use of coercive force, argument includes the tenets of cultural sovereignty, burden of authority, and balance of risk. Regardless of content, the United States must develop this new policy of constraints upon force in order to effectively leverage these push-button technologies in a politically balanced manner, consistent with its role as world leader, and supported by internationally accepted standards of practice and warfare.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Public opinion has been recognized as an influential force on the battlefield since Napoleon's days as a commander. Clausewitz refers to the triangle of power as the people, the military, and the government1. Clausewitz's insight from over 100 years ago holds truer today than ever before. With the evolution of the media, starting in Vietnam, commanders have had to face the challenge of directing the battlefield while a global audience watched. People now watch wars in real time. This pressure on the commander directly affects his ability to make timely and pertinent decisions. Knowing that the entire world is watching every troop movement and battle will cause some commanders to hesitate before committing themselves to action.2 Commanders are not allowed the leniency they once had as they orchestrated their battles. As technology has increased allowing satellite phones and television cameras with live feeds, commanders have had to realize that the media is now a part of their battlefield and must be included in the planning and execution of operations.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The tough economic environment of the U.S. combined with a number of current, emergent, and potential threats makes today's environment one of the most challenging in Air Force history. Meeting these challenges will require a tremendous level of ingenuity and the full engagement of all Airmen. The current system of institutional controls cannot adapt to change quickly and are not conducive to promoting innovation among its Generation X and Millennial Generation Airmen who account for nearly 97% of the active duty force. If the Air Force is to be successful in its efforts to innovate and take on the challenges it faces, its structure, practices and culture must enable its Airmen to work at their potential and be responsive enough to capitalize on their contribution. Organizationally this will require delegation of authorities currently exercised by the headquarters, holistic institutional accountability and streamlined communication. At an individual level, compliance-oriented behavior controls should transition to methods that unify Airmen at an affective and ideological level through a shared organizational character.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This paper analyzes current Air Force BP strategy using a 'Doctrine, Organization, Training, Material, Leadership and education, Personnel, and Facilities (DOTMLPF)' methodology to find service capability gaps in this core function. In contrast to the DOTMLPF studies in the acquisition community to define -- 'needed capabilities to guide the development of affordable systems [or material (emphasis added)],' this paper explores non-material solutions by investigating the current state of BP doctrine, organizations, training, leadership, personnel, and facilities. Each chapter of this paper discusses one or a combination of DOTMLPF factors, and at the end of each section, proposes conclusions at the end of each section. In the paper's final chapter, this author presents a series of recommendations to enhance future BP capabilities in this new Air Force core function.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The United States Air Force faces a difficult decade for acquisitions. The converging needs of a new tanker, fighter modernization, helicopter requirements, space modernization and a new bomber are too great for the service to absorb at one time--even during peacetime! This paper will show that it is not a lack of advocacy, but rather a lack of action from the USAF and a lack of fiscal support that has impaired the Next Generation Bomber (NGB). The lack of action has placed the success of the project in jeopardy and may suggest the USAF abandon the NGB in favor of the 2035 bomber. Tough choices lie ahead. This paper will use the problem-solution method of research. A detailed description of the problem will be outlined, to include historical references to support the development timeline of a new bomber. The solution will include proposals for the current administration, DoD, and Air Force. Several long-range strike options exist for the Air Force of tomorrow.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This paper covers both the background of outsourcing and a Business Case Analysis (BCA) conducted within the Fleet Concentration Area (FCA) of Mayport, FL, Kings Bay, GA, and Port Canaveral, FL for Commander, Navy Region Southeast. The analysis describes and evaluates the impact on the fleet mission with regard to outsourcing, consolidation and reorganization of tug service functions. Privatization, outsourcing, consolidation and reorganization of tug service functions described in this report evaluated cost avoidance over the next two years. The research was conducted via a series of functional studies, Business Case Analysis (BCA) team meetings, Process Action Teams (PAT) and the cooperation of various departments within Navy Region Southeast.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - It is important for Airmen to understand the nature of 4GW: what it is, who uses it and some of the contributing factors. Because this is the kind of war where simply destroying physical targets is not likely to contribute to our success, understanding our adversaries and the local population of the countries in which we operate, is also necessary for victory. Greater familiarity with their languages and cultures will help us in this endeavor. The Office of the Secretary of Defense and the Joint Staff are taking steps to determine the language requirements of the combatant commanders, assess the language and culture skills of all service personnel and DOD civilians, and develop a professional corps of competent language speakers. The Air Force is making progress toward meeting the OSD and CJCS language and culture goals, but Airmen also need to understand why these skills are important in the employment of airpower. Airpower can be used effectively against our 4GW opponents, and language and culture skills can assist in these efforts.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Several national level publications provide guidance, commentary, and insight on America's security, role in the global war on terrorism, defense and way-ahead for Iraq. These documents include National Security Strategy of the United States of America, National Defense Strategy of the United States of America, National Strategy for Combating Terrorism, National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction, and (the subject of this paper) National Strategy for Victory in Iraq. In each of these documents, terrorism is identified as a threat. The Nation's actions (diplomatic, informational, military, and economic) since September 11, 2001 have highlighted this core rubric in planning, course of action development, and communication of the way-ahead. Each document defines a desired end-state for the associated strategy and attempts to define the term terrorism.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Abstract Total Force Integration (TFI) initiatives are on going across the total force. This paper examines how Air Force TFI manpower implementation practices combine with the legal limitations of deploying reserve members to impact the ability of active duty fighter maintenance units to meet full Unit Type Code (UTC) deployment taskings. Current TFI manpower practices for active duty units in classic associations with a reserve unit result in a reduction of active duty maintenance positions for full-time, non-supervisory reserve positions. This practice fails to account for the legal limitations of deploying reserve members. These limitations combine with active duty maintenance manpower reductions to place at risk the ability of a unit to fulfill Unit Type Code (UTC) deployment taskings if required. Unless mobilized, reservists must volunteer for deployments. As a result, reserve units in associate relationships cannot commit to filling a specific number of UTC positions for Air Expeditionary Force taskings. The active duty unit must be able to fill all its UTC taskings without assistance from its reserve associate in the event there are few or no reserve volunteers.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In 2003, Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF) highlighted the perplexing differences since the end of World War II in foreign policy objectives between the United States and France. Many in the US felt France's position was a betrayal by France to the ally that had for several decades been the predominate force in securing and guaranteeing France's security during the Cold War. Anger and bewilderment in the US was manifest in editorials, talk shows, and even in books following President Chirac's decision not to support the Bush administration's course of action to resolve the perceived growing crisis in Iraq. Why would France choose such a course of action that was seemly against not only the US, but also other allies Was that decision an anomaly or a plausible, lucid choice More important, is there a pattern in French policy that makes its relations with the primary security arrangement in Europe, NATO, more predictable, or is the US and France entering a new phase in the relationship.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Piracy off the Horn of Africa represents a threat to regional stability and national security by contributing to the continuing state failure of Somalia. Somalia as a failed state represents a potential safe haven for terrorists and threatens the stability of the region. Unfortunately much of the public debate surrounding piracy has been clouded by past efforts of the international maritime community to declare piracy a major threat to global commerce. The reality is that piracy off the coast of Somalia is fundamentally different from piracy in the Strait of Malacca or anywhere else in the world. This difference has rendered much of the published academic and security writing on the topic of piracy obsolete.The United Nations and many member states have made bold declarations that something must be done about the pirates of Somalia. An international maritime coalition is currently fighting to contain the problem but cannot solve it. Many of the same nations who voice their opinions that action must be taken the loudest fail to acknowledge that the solution lies ashore, in establishing basic rule of law in Somalia. The world should have learned from the events of September 11, 2001 that failed states represent a threat to international security. Piracy is just one way that state failure in Somalia will affect regional and world stability.