Springer us springer jan 2012 (127 Ergebnisse)

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum… mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum… mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important.Springer Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 296 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantu…m mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Recent developments in various areas of chemistry have been decisively influenced by the principles of structure and mechanism and by the ideas of coordination chemistry, in particular by the donor-acceptor approach, A unified view of… almost all kinds of molecular forces is provided by quantum mechanics, and for practical purposes have been classified according to model assumptions, namely, dispersion, polarization, electrostatic, and short-range forces. The latter are divided into two- and three-center covalent chemical bonds, metallic bonds, and exchange-repulsion forces. This approach allows statements of principle and systematic analysis. However, quantitative predictions on concrete large systems are virtually impossible, and there are no general rules that account for structural and chemical changes due to intermolecular interactions. Chemists are therefore left with qualitative descriptions in which the changes in electron densities are considered. Such models as the MO theory or the resonance concept unrealistically assume that the nuclei remain in fixed positions. Further difficulties are encountered in the attempted description on the 'nature' of the chemical bond, e.g., the forces involved. In order to avoid these difficulties an extension of the donor-acceptor concept, characterized by the comparison between equilibrium structures in different molecular environments, will be presented in this book. In this way, changes in the positions of the nuclei can be taken into account and the question of the nature of the molecular forces is no longer important. 296 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The purpose of this series is to provide a continuing critical review of the literature concerned with mechanistic aspects of inorganic and organo metallic reactions in solution, with coverage being complete in each volume. The papers… discussed are selected on the basis of relevance to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and many include results of a nonkinetic nature when useful mechanistic information can be deduced. The period of literature covered by this volume is July 1982 through December 1983, and in some instances papers not available for inclusion in the previous volume are also included. Numerical results are usually reported in the units used by the original authors, except where data from different papers are com pared and conversion to common units is necessary. As in previous volumes material included covers the major areas of redox processes, reactions of the nonmetallic elements, reaction of inert and labile metal complexes and the reactions of organometallic compounds. While maintaining the space devoted to other areas, that given to the nonmetallic elements has been increased. In recognition of the increasing importance of the determination of volumes of activation in understanding the mechanisms of both inorganic and organometallic reactions a special reference section giving tabulated Ll V\* values has been included and this extensive compilation will be updated in future volumes. 540 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book by Kaplan and Vekhter brings together the molecular world of the chemist with the condensed matter world of the physicist. Prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union, chemists in the West devoted lit to relationships between…molecular electronic structure and tle attention solid-state vibronic phenomena. Treating quantum mechanical problems wherein the adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approximation fails was done by 'brute force. ' With bigger and better computers available in the West, molecular orbital calculations were done on observed and conceived static structures with little concern for any cooperativity of vibrational behavior that might connect these states. While it had long been understood in the West that situations do occur in which different static structures are found for molecules that have identical or nearly identical electronic structures, little attention had been paid to understanding the vibrational states that could connect such structures. It was easier to calculate the electronic structure observed with several possible distortions than to focus on ways to couple electronic and vibrational behavior. In the former Soviet Union, computational power was not as acces sible as in the West. Much greater attention, therefore, was devoted to conserving computational time by considering fundamental ways to han dle the vibrational connectivity between degenerate or nearly degenerate electronic states. 444 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Flavordynamics, Quantum Chromodynamics and Unified Theories was held on the campus th of the University of Colorado at Boulder from July 9 through July 27th of 1979. There has been a rapid progr…ess in the understanding of weak, electromagnetic and strong interactions and their unification during the past few years. The purpose of the Institute was to have a group of lecturers active in these areas of research give a series of lectures on various aspects of these topics beginning at the elementary level and ending with the up-to-date developments. There were three lecturers, Professors S. Ellis, R. Field and C. H. Llewellyn Smith who covered the different but related aspects of Quantum Chromodynamics. Their lectures were well coordinated, but some overlap was inevitable. Dr. Buras gave two lectures on QCD corrections beyond the leading order. Professor D. Gross covered the nonperturbative aspects and a possible mechanism of quark confinement. At a more phenomenological level, Professor C. De Tar covered the bag models. The subject matter of electro weak interactions was covered by Professor G. Altarelli. Professor J. Wess gave six lectures on supersymmetry and supergravity. All these lectures with the exception of those of Professor D. Gross are incorporated in this volume. The contents of Professor Gross' lectures are available elsewhere and therefore only references and problems are included here. In addition to the above lectures, there were workshop-like discussion sessions. 512 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -viii The growing use of NTD silicon outside the U. S. A. motivated an interest in having the next NTD conference in Europe. Therefore, the Third International Conference on Neutron Transmutation-Doped Silicon was organized by Jens Gul…dberg and held in Copenhagen, Denmark on August 27-29, 1980. The papers presented at this conference reviewed the developments which occurred during the t'A'O years since the previous conference and included papers on irradiation technology, radiation-induced defects, characteriza tion of NTD silicon, and the use of NTD silicon for device appli cations. The proceedings of this conference were edited by Jens Guldberg and published by Plenum Press in 1981. Interest in, and commercial use of, NTD silicon continued to grow after the Third NTD Conference, and research into neutron trans mutation doping of nonsilicon semiconductors had begun to accel erate. The Fourth International Transmutation Doping Conference reported in this volume includes invited papers summarizing the present and anticipated future of NTD silicon, the processing and characterization of NTD silicon, and the use of NTD silicon in semiconductor power devices. In addition, four papers were pre sented on NTD of nonsilicon semiconductors, five papers on irra diation technology, three papers on practical utilization of NTD silicon, four papers on the characterization of NTD silicon, and five papers on neutron damage and annealing. These papers indi cate that irradiation technology for NTD silicon and its use by the power-device industry are approaching maturity. 356 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Space missions subject human beings or any other target of a spacecraft to a radiation environment of an intensity and composition not available on earth. Whereas for missions in low earth orbit (LEO), such as those using the Space Sh…uttle or Space Station scenario, radiation exposure guidelines have been developed and have been adopted by spacefaring agencies, for exploratory class missions that will take the space travellers outside the protective confines of the geomagnetic field sufficient guidelines for radiation protection are still outstanding. For a piloted Mars mission, the whole concept of radiation protection needs to be reconsidered. Since there is an increasing interest of many nations and space agencies in establishing a lunar base and lor exploring Mars by manned missions, it is both, timely and important to develop appropriate risk estimates and radiation protection guidelines which will have an influence on the design and structure of space vehicles and habitation areas of the extraterrestrial settlements. This book is the result of a multidisciplinary effort to assess the state of art in our knowledge on the radiation situation during deep space missions and on the impact of this complex radiation environment on the space traveller. It comprises the lectures by the faculty members as well as short contributions by the students given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute 'Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation' held in Armacao de Pera, Portugal, 12-23 October, 1991. 960 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The substantial and impressive changes in microbial ecology can scarcely be chronicled in a meaningful fashion, and a review series such as Advances in Microbial Ecology can thus not do justice to the numerous studies that have been p…ublished in recent years. On the other hand, the mere existence of this series bears testimony to the many and diverse activities. The growing concern with microbial communities and processes in natural ecosystems is not restricted to scientists in one region and is not limited to particular groups of organisms or to individual theoretical or applied problems. The recent and successful international symposium on microbial ecology held in New Zealand-sponsored in part by the International Commission on Microbial Ecology, as is the Advances-and the general microbiology and ecology conferences and congresses have included reports from investigators from all corners of the globe and have explored both new and traditional areas, agricultural and public health problems, individual species and complex communities, and heterotrophs and autotrophs as well as ecosystem models relying on mathematical concepts and environmental processes needing sophisticated chemistry for their definition. The reviews in the present volume thus can offer only a minute sampling of the multitude of topics being actively explored at the present time. Two of the reviews focus attention on biogeochemical cycles regulated by microorganisms, in particular the way these organisms contribute to or control the levels and identities of chemical substances in the atmosphere. The chapter by Y. Dommergues, L. W. Belser, and E. L. 316 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -It has been shown both experimentally {2} and theoretically {2,3} that surface skimming SH waves propagating along symmetry axes of the texture have velocities that differ in proportion to the magnitude of any stress that lies along o…ne of the symmetry axes. Specifically, the stress is directly proportional to the relative velocity difference through the equation -,--V ik=---V. -=ki) ( I) cr. = 2G (-V ~ ik where cr. is the stress in the direction i, G is the shear modulus and Vik is the ~elocity of an SH wave propagating in the i direction and polarized in the k direction. This rather simple relationship is particularly useful because the constant of proportionality involves only the well known shear modulus and the velocity term can be measured directly by observing the transit time shift when a transmitter-receiver pair of SH wave transducers are rotated through 90 degrees on the surface of the part. Experimentally, Equation (I) was tested on the web of railroad rails which had been loaded by a 200,000 pound mechanical testing machine {I}. The method of exciting and detecting the necessary surface skimming SH waves used electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) that operated through a magnetostrictive mechanism at high magnetic fields {4}. Wave velocities parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the rail on the web differed by the amount predicted by Equation (I) to an absolute accuracy of 30 percent in the worst case. 984 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Space missions subject human beings or any other target of a spacecraft to a radiation environment of an intensity and composition not available on earth. Whereas for missions in low earth orbit (LEO), such as those using the Space Sh…uttle or Space Station scenario, radiation exposure guidelines have been developed and have been adopted by spacefaring agencies, for exploratory class missions that will take the space travellers outside the protective confines of the geomagnetic field sufficient guidelines for radiation protection are still outstanding. For a piloted Mars mission, the whole concept of radiation protection needs to be reconsidered. Since there is an increasing interest ci many nations and space agencies in establishing a lunar base and lor exploring Mars by manned missions, it is both, timely and important to develop appropriate risk estimates and radiation protection guidelines which will have an influence on the design and structure of space vehicles and habitation areas of the extraterrestrial settlements. This book is the result of a multidisciplinary effort to assess the state of art in our knowledge on the radiation situation during deep space missions and on the impact of this complex radiation environment on the space traveller. ]t comprises the lectures by the faculty members as well as short contributions by the students given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute 'Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation' held in Armacao de Pera, Portugal, 12-23 October, 1991. 352 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Six years ago 'adult T cell leukemia (ATL)' was proposed as a new disease entity of T cell malignancy by K. Takatsuki's research group at the Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto university (the 17th Annual Meeting of Japan Society…of Clinical Immunology, 1976). Thereafter, increased attention has been paid to this disease in Japan because of its characteristic neoplastic cell morphology, clinical and pathologic features and the endemic distribution of patients' birthplace in southwestern Japan. At almost the same time, M. Shimoyarna and Dr. K. Minato at the National Cancer Center confirmed that a majority of T cell malignancies in adult Japanese correspond to ATL (1976). Dr. M. Sasaki at the Osaka Red Cross Hospital presented the first autopsy case of A TL at the 65th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Pathological Society (1976). Later, at the Symposium entitled 'Pathology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma' of the Japanese Pathological Society (1978), M. Hanaoka of the Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Dr. M. Sakaki and others demonstrated that the pleomorphism of neoplastic cells characterized cytologic and histologic features of A TL based on their observation of 32 cases of ATL. Also at this symposium, histologic studies on A TL by Dr. T. Suchi of the Aichi Cancer Center and the Japanese Lymphoma Study Group resulted in a new category in the classification of non-Hodgkin lymphoma designated 'diffuse lymphoma pleomorphic type. 252 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -We are most gratified by the response to the initiation of this series of volumes presenting recent developments and new concepts in microbial ecology. Favorable reactions have been expressed in both oral and written communication, an…d Ad vances in Microbial Ecology thus seems to be providing a worthwhile outlet in a rapidly growing field of microbiology and environmental sciences. The growing importance of microbial ecology is evident in many ways. Uni versity personnel are expanding their programs and increasing the number of research topics and publications. Substantial numbers of industrial scientists have likewise entered this field as they consider the microbial transformation of chemicals in waters and soils and the effects of synthetic compounds on natural microbial communities. Agricultural, medical, dental, and veterinary practitioners and scientists have also been increasing their activity in microbial ecology because of the importance of the discipline to their own professions. In addition, govern mental agencies have expanded regulatory and research activities concerned with microbial ecology owing to the importance of information and regulations fo cused on the interactions between microorganisms in nature and particular en vironmental stresses. 240 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Digital image processing, originally established to analyze and improve lunar images, is rapidly growing into a wealth of new appli cations, due to the enormous technical progress made in computer engineering. At present, the most imp…ortant fields of growth appear to emerge in the areas of medical image processing (i. e. tomography, thermography), earth resource inventory (i. e. land usage, minerals), office automation (i. e. document storage, retrieval and reproduction) and industrial production (i. e. computer vision for mechanical ro bots). Currently, emphasis is being shifted from signal-processing re search and design-innovation activities towards cost-efficient system implementations for interactive digital image processing. For the years ahead, trends in computer engineering indicate still further advances in Large Scale Integration (LSI) and Input/Output (I/O) technologies allowing the implementation of powerful parallel and/or distributed processor architectures for real-time processing of high resolution achromatic and color images. In view of the many new developments in the field of digital image processing and recognizing the importance of discussing these developments amongst key scientists that might make use of them, ffiM Germany sponsored an international symposium on 'Advances in Digital Image Processing', held at Bad Neuenahr, Federal Republic of Germany, September 26 - 28, 1978. The interest shown in this symposium encouraged the publi cation of the papers presented in this volume of the ffiM Research Symposium Series. 360 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The study of neurotransmitters in the human brain has expanded spectacularly in recent years with the application of techniques from immunology and molecular biology. These techniques are now being used successfully to help decipher t…he chemical architecture of the human nervous system. The results of these studies are of great importance for the understanding and treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, as well as depression and schizophrenia. Professor Istvan Tork was a pioneer in the chemical anatomy of the brain and carried out important studies on the neuroanatomy and distribution of neuropeptides and monoarnines in the brain; some of his best known work dealt with the dual innervation of the cortex by neurons containing serotonin. Istvan Tork died on November 21, 1992, after a long struggle with a temporal lobe glioma, leaving a profound legacy of friendship and scholarly work 1. It was decided by the editors of this volume to commemorate his work and the mentors hip he gave to his many students by convening a symposium on neurotransmitters in the human brain. The symposium was held at the University of New South Wales on February 5, 1994, and was attended by over one hundred participants, including many of Professor Tork's colleagues and students. The papers from this symposium are presented in this volume to stand as a tribute to the breadth and quality of his work and to the energy and achievement of his students. 256 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The development of contemporary molecular biology with its growing tendency toward in-depth study of the mechanisms of biological processes, structure, function, and identification of biopolymers requires application of accurate physi…cochemical methods. Electrophoresis occupies a key position among such methods. A wide range of phenomena fall un der the designation of electrophoresis in the literature at the present time. One common characteristic of all such phenomena is transport by an elec tric field of a substance whose particles take on a net charge as a result of interaction with the solution. The most important mechanisms for charge generation are dissociation of the substance into ions in solution and for mation of electrical double layers with uncompensated charges on particles of dispersed medium in the liquid. As applied to the problem of separation, purification, and analysis of cells, cell organelles, and biopolymers, there is a broad classification of electrophoretic methods primarily according to the methodological charac teristics of the process, the types of supporting media, etc. An extensive literature describes the use of these methods for the investigation of differ ent systems. A number of papers are theoretical in nature. Thus, the mi croscopic theory has been developed rather completely [13] by considering electrophoresis within the framework of electrokinetic phenomena based on the concept of the electrical double layer. 260 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Instabilities associated with hot electrons in semiconductors have been investigated from the beginning of transistor physics in the 194Os. The study of NDR and impact ionization in bulk material led to devices like the Gunn diode and… the avalanche-photo-diode. In layered semiconductors domain formation in HEMTs can lead to excess gate leakage and to excess noise. The studies of hot electron transport parallel to the layers in heterostructures, single and multiple, have shown abundant evidence of electrical instability and there has been no shortage of suggestions concerning novel NDR mechanisms, such as real space transfer, scattering induced NDR, inter-sub band transfer, percolation effects etc. Real space transfer has been exploited in negative-resistance PETs (NERFETs) and in the charge-injection transistor (CHINT) and in light emitting logic devices, but far too little is known and understood about other NDR mechanisms with which quantum well material appears to be particularly well-endowed, for these to be similarly exploited. The aim of this book is therefore to collate what is known and what is not known about NDR instabilities, and to identify promising approaches and techniques which will increase our understanding of the origin of these instabilities which have been observed during the last decade of investigations into high-field longitudinal transport in layered semiconductors. The book covers the fundamental properties of hot carrier transport and the associated instabilities and light emission in 2-dimensional semiconductors dealing with both theory and experiment. 456 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This textbook introduces the perturbation molecular orbital (PMO) th,eory of organic chemistry. Organic chemistry encompasses the largest body offactual information of any of the major divisions of science. The sheer bulk of the subje…ct matter makes many demands on any theory that attempts to systematize it. Time has shown that the PMO method meets these demands admirably. The PMO method can provide practicing chemists with both a pictorial description of bonding and qualitative theoretical results that are well founded in more sophisticated treatments. The only requirements for use of the theory are high school algebra and a pencil and paper. The treatment described in this book is by no means new. Indeed, it was developed as a complete theory of organic chemistry more than twenty years ago. Although it was demonstrably superior to resonance theory and no more complicated to use, it escaped notice for two very simple reasons. First, the original papers describing it were very condensed, perhaps even obscure, and contained few if any examples. Second, for various reasons, no general account appeared in book form until 1969,\* and this was still relatively inaccessible, being in the form of a monograph where molecular orbital (MO) theory was treated mainly at a much more sophisticated level. The generality of the PMO method is illustrated by the fact that all the new developments over the last two decades can be accommodated in it. 596 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -This book originated out of the papers presented at the special symposium, 'Electrochemistry in Transition-From the 20th to the 21st Century,' scheduled by the Division of Colloid and Surface Science during the American Chemical Socie…ty meeting in Toronto. The symposium was in honor of Professor J. O'M. Bockris, who received the ACS award on 'The Chemistry of Contemporary Technological Problems' (sponsored by Mobay Corporation) during this meeting and who also reached his 65th birthday in the same year. The symposium was of a multidisciplinary nature and encompassed the fields of theoretical and experimental elec trochemistry, surface science, spectroscopy, and electrochemical technology. The symposium also had an international flavor in that the participants represented several countries Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, England, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, Poland, Switzer land, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, and the United States. The symposium was graciously sponsored by the ACS (Petroleum Research Fund and Division of Colloid and Surface Science), Alcan International, Dow Chemical Company, EG&G, Electrolyzer Corporation, Exxon, General Electric Company, IBM, Institute of Gas Technology, International Association of Hydrogen Energy, Johnson Matthey, Inc. , Kerr-McGee Corporation, Medtronics, and Texas A&M University (Center for Electrochemical Systems and Hydrogen Research and the Hampton Robinson Fund). The 'theme' of the papers presented at the symposium covered not only significant contributions made to electrochemistry in the twentieth century, but also 'New Horizons in Electrochemistry' for the twenty-first century. Thus, the scientists who presented papers were invited to contribute chapters to this book, having the same titles as the symposium. 704 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Concern about acid deposition, commonly referred to as acid rain, as a widespread pollution problem with severe ecological consequences has heightened public awareness. Many authorities fear that acid deposition may be the worst envir…onmental crisis of our industrialized society because of both the global implications and possible widespread, irreversible damage to lakes, soils, and forested ecosystems. Neither state nor international boundaries are exempt from the transport and deposition of airborne pollutants resulting from local and distant emission sources. The dilemma and debate will continue as long as society requires fossil fuels for its energy needs without regard to emission constraints. This book started as a modest attempt to provide a status report on atmospheric transport, the chemical processes which produce acidifying agents, and resultant ecological and economic consequences. The materials in this book have been substantially revised from those presented at the conference in 1983. It became obvious that additional chapters were required when sudden and profound changes occurring in European forests were reported. It is felt that perhaps such damages could be an early warning to forested ecosystems in the northeastern United States and Canada as well as other places throughout the world. Most importantly, it is essential that gained scientific knowledge be translated into required legislation - a section on Policy Issues was incorporated to address these concerns. It is hoped that the reader will become informed and concerned enough to be involved in ll this IIglobal debate. Donald D. Adams Halter P. 576 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -In 1969 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society. Air Pollution was from the start one of the pri9rity problems under study within the framework of the pilot studies undertak…en by this Committee. The organization of a yearly symposium dealing with air pollution modeling and its application is one of the main activities within the pilot study in relation to air pollution. After being organized for five years by the United States and for five years by the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, represented by the Prime Minister's Office for Science Policy Programming, became responsible in 1980 for the organization of this symposium. This volume contains the papers presented at the 13th Inter national Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Appli cation held at lIe des Embiez, France, from 14th to 17th September 1982. This meeting was jointly organized by the Prime Minister's Office for Science Policy Programming, Belgium, and the Ministere de l'Environnement, France. The conference was attended by 120 participants and 45 papers have been presented. The closing ses sion of the 13th I. T. M. has been attended by Mr. Alain Bombard, French Minister of the Environment. The members of the selection committee of the 13th I. T. M. were A. Berger (Chairman, Belgium), W. K1ug (Federal Republic of Germany), K. Demerjian (United States of America), L. Santomauro (Italy), M. L. Williams (United Kingdom), H. Van Dop (The Netherlands), H. E. Turner (Canada), C. 744 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The meeting on experimental hepatocarcinogenesis which took place in Spa, Belgium at the end of May 1987 was the Second European Meeting. About 100 scientists, mostly from Europe but also from the United States, met there for three da…ys in a very friendly atmosphere to exchange knowledge and ideas on experimental and human liver carcinogenesis. The main topics discussed during the meeting included general reviews on hepatocarcinogenesis, experimental models of hepa tocarcinogenesis, biology of hepatocarcinogenesis, and in vitro studies in hepatocarcinogenesis. They are all covered by the various chapters of this proceedings volume, which reflects the present state of knowledge in this important field of cancer research. The final aim of that research is to understand the basic mechanisms of carcinogenesis. The liver offers a parti cularly interesting tool to reach such a goal. Indeed, its biochemistry, its morphology, and its physiology are very diverse, but relatively well known. Various protocols have been developed to produce hepatocellular carcinomas or other malignant tumors. Their appearance is most often preceded by phenotypically altered foci and nodules which have been isolated and characterized. The major cell populations of normal, neoplastic, and malignant livers have been cultivated. 336 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -The RO MAN SY Symposia have played an important role in the development of the theory and, to a lesser extent, the practice of manipulators, walking machines and robots. Based on past experience of previous symposia, which have been h…eld over the last 10 years, the problem arose as to what to do in the future. In other words, in what direction should further symposia be organized A panel discussion called 'Role of RO MAN SY Symposia' was held on 29 June 1984 during the final plenary session at CISM, Udine, Italy. The Members of the Organizing Committee, Professors Konstantinov, Morecki, Roth, Vukobratovic and Vertut, and other participants were asked to give their opinions on the follow ing important questions: - should we organize future symposia if we continue, which form should we choose : small (60-70 participants, - 35-40 invited papers); big (100-150 participants, 60-80 papers) - what kind of topics should be included : the more theoretical-oriented; more practical-oriented; both (what proportion ) - how frequently should RO MAN SY Symposia be organized : every other year; every third year is working well and what should be maintained - what - what is not working well and what should be changed to increase the impact of the symposia would like to underline that most of the participants agree that we should con tinue to hold our symposia every other year, but to limit their small form, with invited papers at high theoretical level only in mechanics, control of motion, 444 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -A FEW DAYS after Smetana's body had been laid to rest in the Vysehrad Cemetery, Prague, Franz Liszt sent word to Karel Navrlitil: 'In haste I write to tell you that the death of Smetana has deeply affected me. He was indeed a genius!'… Ironically, with his death Smetana was proclaimed the founder of modern Czech music, but only a few years before he had been spurned, labelled 'Wagnerian' and accused of impeding the way of musical progress. Like Verdi, Smetana was a confirmed patriot. Dramatic music was his platform and his greatest ambition was to see the Prague National Theatre become the permanent home of Czech opera. This he witnessed, but not without making countless enemies and spending years of bitterness in arduous struggle. Smetana's life was one long struggle and sadly he never lived to reap the rewards of his efforts. He developed late. Like Schumann, his early works were almost exclusively for the piano: like Dostoevsky, his first important essay appeared only in middle life. His was relatively small. Few of his. scores found their way into print and, output apart from The Bartered Bride and The Kiss, little of his music was performed with any regularity during his life. After ten busy years, during which he wrote five operas and worked as Musical Director of the Prague Provisional Theatre, he was halted by deafness. There followed a further ten years in which illness and mental disorder made composition increasingly difficult. 524 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -(abridged and revised) This reference grammar offers intermediate and advanced students a reason ably comprehensive guide to the morphology and syntax of educated speech and plain prose in Spain and Latin America at the end of the twe…ntieth century. Spanish is the main, usually the sole official language of twenty-one countries,} and it is set fair to overtake English by the year 2000 in numbers 2 of native speakers. This vast geographical and political diversity ensures that Spanish is a good deal less unified than French, German or even English, the latter more or less internationally standardized according to either American or British norms. Until the 1960s, the criteria of internationally correct Spanish were dictated by the Real Academia Espanola, but the prestige of this institution has now sunk so low that its most solemn decrees are hardly taken seriously - witness the fate of the spelling reforms listed in the Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortograjia, which were supposed to come into force in all Spanish-speaking countries in 1959 and, nearly forty years later, are still selectively ignored by publishers and literate persons everywhere. The fact is that in Spanish 'correctness' is nowadays decided, as it is in all living languages, by the consensus of native speakers; but consensus about linguistic usage is obviously difficult to achieve between more than twenty independent, widely scattered and sometimes mutually hostile countries. Peninsular Spanish is itself in flux. 536 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -Biodeterioration held April 20-23, 1981, at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland. The symposium was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research to provide an organized forum for the discussion of…progress in basic and applied research con cerning marine biodeterioration. The symposium was structured to cover interdisciplinary topics of interest both to the basic research community and the applied science and engineering communities. In each major topic area, a comprehensive overview paper summarizing highlights of the past two decades of research is followed by current technical papers concerning both basic and applied re search. Authors were urged to provide extensive refer ences, and their papers were subjected to external peer review. In some respects, the symposium was structured to pro vide a reference tool for the marine engineering com munity that would supplement the excellent monograph entitled 'Marine Fouling and Its Prevention' prepared for the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships in 1952 by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. While these proceedings can not begin to update that work, they can, by presenting the in research direction, recent workers in the field, changes ac and current references, give the interdisciplinary user cess to the current literature in key topic areas. 412 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the past decade there has been a dramatic expansion of our knowledge on phospholipases in general, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in particular. Progress in this field has been evident on many fronts, with novel information rapidl…y accumulating in the literature regarding the chemistry and molecular biology of this enzyme and its role in many important physiological processes. These include cellular signal transduction via the G-protein cycle, and in the generation of many cellular mediators, such as the platelet activating factor (PAF) and the eicosanoids that participate in the initiation and propagation of inflammation, to mention a few. This symposium was organized to obtain an overview of current investigations on this enzyme from the standpoint of its chemistry, molecular biology and physiology. Another important focus of this symposium concerns the regulation of PLA2, including endogenous and synthetic inhibitors and activators of this enzyme. To review these important areas in PLA2 research we invited scientists who made significant contributions in this field. The papers in this volume are organized to emphasize the recent advances in several areas of investigation, including: (I) the structure and mechanism of action of PLA2, (2) mechanism of activation of PLA2, (3) molecular biology, physiology and endogenous inhibitors of this enzyme and finally, (4) clinical investigations emphasizing the pathophysiological role of this enzyme in human diseases. The first article in this volume is by Dr. 280 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -During the past two decades professional interest in Terminal Care has increased dramatically. It is always difficult to trace the origins of a change of emphasis in medical and nursing care but it is likely that three influences have… contributed to bring this about. Firstly, the rise of the modern hospice movement with its recognition that dying and mourning are normal life events and that the lay person has a role in these events no less important than the health professional; secondly, the development of sophisticated and successful techniques of palliative care and pain control; and lastly, the increasing expectations of the populace in advanced countries for a comprehensive and sensitive service for patients, family and care givers at the terminal phase of illness. It is significant that these developments in the care and management of the terminally ill are not confined either to one country or the sole prerogative of a single discipline. This is reflected in the papers collected in this volume which were originally presented at the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Aspects of Terminal Care organised by The Prince and Princess of Wales Hospice in Glasgow, Scotland, U.K. The cross-fertilisation of ideas, experiences, and assessments provided by the contributors in a multicultural and multidisciplinary context pre sented in this volume will be found stimulating and inspirational for both the professional and the lay person in the care of the dying. 232 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. This item is printed on demand - it takes 3-4 days longer - Neuware -1 Vitamin-Responsive Inherited Metabolic Disorders.- Vitamin Deficiency: Historical Perspective.- Vitamin Responsiveness or Dependency.- Genetic Control of Vitamin Metabolism.- Biochemical Role of Vitamins.- Effect of Mutation on Vita…min Function: Theoretical Possibilities.- Defects of Vitamin Transport and Coenzyme Synthesis.- Cobalamin (Vitamin B12).- Folic Acid.- Calciferol (Vitamin D).- Defects of Coenzyme-Dependent Apoenzymes.- Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6).- Biotin.- Thiamine (Vitamin B1).- Genetic Heterogeneity.- Clinical Panorama.- Mendelian Inheritance.- Prenatal Detection and Treatment.- Problems and Perspectives.- 2 Inherited Deficiency of Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase in X-Linked Uric Aciduria (the Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome and Its Variants).- Clinical Presentation.- Frequency.- Complete Syndrome.- Clinical Variants of the Syndrome.- Pathology.- Biochemical Characteristics.- Primary Enzyme Defect.- Secondary Enzyme Disturbances.- Properties of the Normal Enzyme.- Properties of the Mutant Enzyme.- Mechanism of Excessive Rate of Purine Synthesis.- Mechanism of Neurological Dysfunction.- Genetic Significance.- Genetic Heterogeneity.- X-Linked Inheritance.- Chemical Selection.- Somatic Cell Genetics.- Preventive Control through Prenatal Diagnosis.- Characteristics of the Heterozygous State.- Pharmacological Consequences of HPRT Deficiency.- Diagnosis of X-Linked Uric Aciduria.- Clinical Signs.- Laboratory Tests.- Heterozygote Detection.- Treatment.- General Measures.- Medications.- 3 Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia Due to Enzyme Defects of Glycolysis.- Glucose Utilization by the Red Cell.- Overall Regulation of Glycolysis.- Mass Action Ratio.- Effect of Cell Age on Metabolism.- Molecular Genetic Mechanisms of Enzyme Deficiency.- Expression of Enzyme Defects in the Red Cell and Other Tissues.- Hexokinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Glucosephosphate Isomerase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Phosphofructokinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Phosphoglycerate Kinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency.- Clinical Spectrum.- Biochemical Considerations.- Genetic Considerations.- Other Defects of Glycolytic Enzymes in the Red Cells.- Triosephosphate Isomerase Deficiency.- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency.- 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Mutase Deficiency.- Lactate Dehydrogenase Deficiency.- 4 Population Structure of the ¿and Islands, Finland.- ¿and.- Location and Description.- History.- Population Composition.- Migration Analyses.- Kinship and Population Structure.- The Migration Matrix Model.- Matrimonial Migration in ¿and.- Parish Endogamy.- Prediction of Kinship from Matrimonial Migration Data.- Approach to Equilibrium.- Kinship Matrices.- Geographical Factors Affecting Migration Patterns.- Isolation by Distance.- Summary.- Topology of Population Structure.- 1750¿1799.- 1800¿1849.- 1850¿1899.- 1900¿1909.- 1910¿1919.- 1920¿1929.- 1930¿1939.- 1940¿1949.- 1900¿1949.- The Inclusion of Mariehamn.- Correlation between Coordinates.- Summary of Topology.- Discussion of Migration Analyses.- Biological Studies.- Genetic Analyses.- Geography and Genetic Structure.- Comparison of Genetic and Migration Inference.- Twinning in and around ¿and.- Ophthalmological Studies.- The ¿and Bleeder Syndrome (von Willebrand-J¿rgens).- 5 Population Genetics and Health Care Delivery: The Quebec Experience.- A Short History of French Canada.- A Consanguinity Study.- Objectives.- Demographic Aspect.- Sources and Material.- Results.- Discussion: Consanguinity and the Mean Coefficient Fw.- Conclusions and Decisions.- An Isolate Study.- Objectives.- Methods.- Results.- Conclusions and Decisions.- An Inbreeding Study.- Objectives.- M.